Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto J2ME del fabbricante Sun Microsystems
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Sun Microsystems, Inc. 4150 Network Circle Santa Clara, Calif ornia 95054 U .S.A. 1-800-555-9SUN or 1-650-960-1300 User’ s Guide J2ME Wireless T oolkit 2.
Please Recycle Copyright © 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Cir cle, Santa Clara, California 95054, U.S.A. All rights reserved. U.S. Government Rights - Commercial softwar e. Government users are subject to the Sun Micr osystems, Inc. standard license agreement and applicable pr ovisions of the F AR and its supplements.
Contents iii Contents Preface ix 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Quick Start 1 1.2 The T ools in the T oolkit 2 1.3 T oolkit Featur es 3 1.4 Supported T echnology 3 2. Developing MIDlet Suites 5 2.1 About Projects 5 2.2 The Simple Development Cycle 7 2.2.1 Edit Source Code 7 2.
iv J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 3.1 Selecting APIs 19 3.2 Changing MIDlet Suite Attributes 21 3.3 Manipulating MIDlets 23 3.4 Using the Push Registry 24 3.5 Project Dir ectory Structur e 25 3.6 Using Third-Party Libraries 25 3.
Contents v 5.3.1 Filtering Messages 45 5.3.2 Sorting Messages 46 5.3.3 Saving and Loading Network Monitor Information 46 5.3.4 Clearing the Message T r ee 47 6. Security and MIDlet Signing 49 6.1 Permissions 49 6.2 Protection Domains 50 6.3 Signing a MIDlet Suite 51 6.
vi J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 8.4 W ell-Behaved MIDlets 66 9. W orking W ith Mobile 3D Graphics 67 9.1 JSR 184 Overview 67 9.2 Immediate Mode 67 9.3 Retained Mode 68 9.4 T rading Quality for Speed 68 9.5 Creating Mobile 3D Graphics Content 69 10.
Contents vii A.6.1 Simple T ones 87 A.6.2 Simple Player 87 A.6.3 PausingAudioT est 89 A.6.4 V ideo 89 A.6.5 Attributes for mmademo 90 A.7 ObexDemo 90 A.8 PDAPDemo 92 A.8.1 Browsing Files 92 A.8.2 The PIM API 94 A.9 WMADemo 97 B. Command Line Reference 103 B.
viii J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 C.4 Font Support in the Default Emulator 1 17 Index 1 19.
Preface ix Pr eface This document describes how to work with the J2ME W ireless T oolkit. Who Should Use This Book This guide is intended for developers creating Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) applications with the J2ME W ireless T oolkit.
x J2ME Wireless T oolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 http://developers.sun.com/techtopics/mobility/ How This Book Is Or ganized This guide contains the following chapters and appendixes: Chapter 1 introduces the J2ME W ireless T oolkit and the development featur es it provides.
Preface xi Chapter 7 details support for running and testing wireless messaging applications. Chapter 8 explains how the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit supports the Mobile Media API.
xii J2ME Wireless T oolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 T ypographic Conventions Accessing Documentation Online The following sites provide technical documentation related to Java technology .
1 CHAPTER 1 Intr oduction This book describes how to use the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit. The J2ME W ireless T oolkit is a set of tools that makes it possible to create applications for mobile phones and other wireless devices. Although it is based on the Mobile Information Device Prof ile (MIDP) 2.
2 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 1 The KT oolbar window Next, click on the Open Project... button to open a demonstration application. Y ou'll see a list of all the available applications. Pick one of them and click on the Open Project button in the dialog.
Chapter 1 Introduction 3 KT oolbar is the center of the toolkit. Y ou can use it to build applications, launch the emulator , and start the utilities. Alternately , the emulator and utilities can be run by themselves, which is useful in many situations.
4 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 JSR 135 MMAPI 1.1 Mobile Media API http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=135 JSR 75 PIM and File PDA Optional Packages for the J2ME Platform http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=75 JSR 82 Bluetooth and OBEX Java APIs for Bluetooth http://jcp.
5 CHAPTER 2 Developing MIDlet Suites This chapter describes how you can use the J2ME W ireless T oolkit to create applications. It begins with a description of toolkit projects, then works through the development process. There ar e two basic development cycles you are likely to follow in creating MIDlet suite applications.
6 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 2 The KT oolbar window Click on New Project... The toolkit will ask you for the name of the project and the name of the MIDlet class you will write. Fill in the names and click Create Project .
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 7 FIGURE 4 File locations in the console 2.2 The Simple Development Cycle The simple development cycle looks like this: Edit source code → Build → Run 1. Edit source code . In this step, you create Java source f iles and resour ce files that will be used by your application.
8 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 If you are following along with the example project, cr eate a new Java source f ile TinyMIDlet.java . It should be saved in the source directory of your pr oject, which will be {toolkit} appsTinysrcTinyMIDlet.
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 9 FIGURE 5 Messages about building Behind the scenes, the J2ME W ireless T oolkit also preverifies the compiled class files. MIDlet class f iles must be preverified befor e they can be run on a MIDP device or emulator .
10 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 6 List of project MIDlets Choose the MIDlet you want and select Launch . If you’re following along with the TinyMIDlet example, you’.
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 11 2.3 The Full Development Cycle The second development cycle is slightly more complicated: Edit source code → Package → Install → Run 1. Edit source code . This is the same as in the simple cycle. 2. Package .
12 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 2.3.2 Install T o pr operly test a MIDlet suite, you should install it into the toolkit’s emulator or a real device. When you pr ess the Run button in KT oolbar , the MIDlet suite is not installed into the emulator .
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 13 FIGURE 9 URL prompt Choose Go from the menu to begin the installation. The emulator shows a list of the applications it finds at the URL. Choose the only one and select Install from the menu. The emulator gives you one last chance to confirm your intentions.
14 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 11 The application menu, again Run via OT A is an extremely useful mechanism that makes it easy to install your MIDlet suite on the toolkit emulator . Some features must be tested using this technique, including the push registry and the installation of signed MIDlet suites.
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 15 FIGURE 12 Launching the installed application Running an application on a real device depends heavily on the device itself. Consult your device documentation for information. 2.4 Using an Obfuscator An obfuscator is a tool that reduces the size of class f iles.
16 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 3. Uncompress the proguard.jar f ile from the lib directory of the Pr oGuard installation to the bin directory of your J2ME W ireless T oolkit installation. Once ProGuar d is installed, you can use it by choosing Project > Package > Create Obfuscated Package .
Chapter 2 Dev eloping MIDlet Suites 17 2.5 Using a Debugger A variation on running your application is running it with a debugger . A debugger allows you to monitor the running application more closely , set breakpoints, and examine variables. Y ou will need to supply your own debugger .
18 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The details of how to configur e a W eb server depend on the specific softwar e used. The emulator implements the device behavior during OT A pr ovisioning. Y ou can use the emulator to test and demonstrate the full provisioning process of MIDlet suites from a server to the device.
19 CHAPTER 3 W orking W ith Pr ojects In the last chapter , you learned how the J2ME W ireless T oolkit helps you with the MIDP development cycle. This chapter delves more deeply into the details of w.
20 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 13 The project settings window On the API Selection tab, the T arget Platform setting controls the appearance of the rest of the tab. Choose the setting that best suits your need, and tweak your selection with the controls below .
Chapter 3 Working With Projects 21 3.2 Changing MIDlet Suite Attributes The project settings window also allows you to control the MIDlet suite attributes, which are stor ed in the descriptor as well as the manifest file of the MIDlet suite JAR. T o see the attributes, run KT oolbar and open a project.
22 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 14 Editing MIDlet suite attributes T o cr eate new user-def ined attributes, click on the User Def ined tab.
Chapter 3 Working With Projects 23 3.3 Manipulating MIDlets The project settings also pr ovide a way to add or modify the MIDlets that are contained in the current MIDlet suite pr oject. T o see how this works, start KT oolbar and open an existing project.
24 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The MIDlet names are pr esented to the user in the order shown when the MIDlet suite is launched.
Chapter 3 Working With Projects 25 If you do make push registry entries for your application, make sure you also enter the appropriate permissions. See Chapter 6, “Security and MIDlet Signing ,” for details. 3.5 Pr oject Dir ectory Structur e Projects have a standar d directory structur e.
26 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 When you use a third-party library in your application, your JAR will expand by the size of the third-party library . Y ou can use an obfuscator to reduce the code size, and a good obfuscator will even eliminate whatever parts of the library you are not using.
Chapter 3 Working With Projects 27 3.7.1 Setting the Application Dir ectory By default, the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit stores applications in directories under {toolkit} apps . Y ou can change this by adding a line to ktools.properties of the following form: kvem.
28 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
29 CHAPTER 4 Using the Emulator The J2ME W ir eless T oolkit emulator simulates a MIDP device on your desktop computer . It is a convenient way to see how your application performs in a MIDP environment and gives you a tight development cycle that is entirely contained on your desktop computer .
30 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 4.2 Using the Emulator The emulator looks and acts like a mobile phone. In this section you’ll learn how to control the emulator . Although the description and figur es are based on the DefaultColorPhone skin, all the skins operate in a similar way .
Chapter 4 Using the Emulator 31 FIGURE 17 The DefaultColorPhone emulator skin.
32 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 Y ou can use the mouse to click on the buttons to press them. Most buttons also have keyboard shortcuts, which are generally easier to use. Keyboar d numbers 0 through 9 corr espond to the emulator ’s 0 through 9 buttons.
Chapter 4 Using the Emulator 33 4.3.2 Heap Size The heap is memory where your application’s objects are stor ed. Many real devices have limited heap size. Y ou can set a maximum heap size to more closely simulate the conditions on a real device. Choose Edit > Preferences.
34 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The toolkit enables you to choose a differ ent location for the storage files, and you can limit the size of the storage. This is useful if you wish to test your application’s behavior when a small amount of persistent storage is available.
Chapter 4 Using the Emulator 35 FIGURE 19 Adjusting the emulator ’s performance Adjust the Graphics primitives latency to have an effect on the amount of time that elapses between your application’s calls to drawing methods in the Graphics class and when the drawing actually takes place.
36 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 When the emulator is running, choose MIDlet > Pause from the emulator window’s menu. The running MIDlet is paused and the screen displays an “Incoming Call...” message. T o r esume the MIDlet’s operation, choose MIDlet > Resume from the menu.
Chapter 4 Using the Emulator 37 is usually to unpack or install the third party emulator , then copy its dir ectory into the <toolkit>/wtklib/devices directory . Next time you run KT oolbar , the emulator is available. A partial listing of some of the currently available emulators is available here: http://developers.
38 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
39 CHAPTER 5 Monitoring Applications The J2ME W ireless T oolkit provides several tools to monitor the behavior of your applications. These tools are helpful in debugging and optimizing your code. ■ The prof iler lists the frequency of use and execution time for every method in your application.
40 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 20 T urning on the prof iler Now run your application by clicking on the Run button. Interact with your application as you normally would. When you’re finished, shut down the emulator .
Chapter 5 Monitoring Applications 41 ■ The right side of the prof iler shows the execution time and number of calls for each method and its descendants. Note – The prof iling values obtained from the emulator do not ref lect actual values on a real device.
42 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 5.1.3 Saving and Loading Pr ofiler Information T o save your pr ofiler session, click on the Save button in the prof iler window . Choose a file name. T o load a pr ofiler session, choose File > Utilities.
Chapter 5 Monitoring Applications 43 ■ Maximum . The maximum amount of memory used since program execution began, shown in the graph by a broken red line. ■ Objects . The number of objects in the heap. ■ Used . The amount of memory used. ■ Free .
44 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 ■ Name . The class name of the objects. ■ Live . The number of instances. Some of these might be eligible for garbage collection. ■ T otal . The total number of objects that have been allocated since the application began.
Chapter 5 Monitoring Applications 45 FIGURE 24 The network monitor When your application makes any type of network connection, information about the connection is captured and displayed. The figur e shows two HTTP requests and responses. The display on the left side shows a hierarchy of messages and message pieces.
46 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 Press the Filter Settings button to use the f ilter . Change the filter settings to suit your needs. When you are done entering f ilter settings, press OK to return to the network monitor . The Filter checkbox is checked, indicating that a filter is in use.
Chapter 5 Monitoring Applications 47 T o load a network monitor session, choose File > Utilities... from the KT oolbar menu. Click on Open Session in the Network Monitor box. When you select a file, the network monitor window appears with all the session information.
48 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
49 CHAPTER 6 Security and MIDlet Signing MIDP 2.0 includes a comprehensive security model based on protection domains. MIDlet suites are installed into a protection domain which determines access to protected functions.
50 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 In the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit, you can add these permission attributes to a project by clicking on the Settings.
Chapter 6 Security and MIDlet Signing 51 ■ MIDlets in the minimum domain are denied all permissions. ■ The untrusted domain provides a high level of security for applications whose origins and authenticity cannot be determined.
52 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 26 The MIDlet suite signing window Signing is very easy . Just select the key you want to use in the Alias List and click on the Sign MIDlet Suite... button. 6.4 Managing Keys The MIDlet signing window can also be used to manage keys.
Chapter 6 Security and MIDlet Signing 53 FIGURE 27 Creating a new key pair After you click on Create , the toolkit prompts you to choose a protection domain.
54 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The procedur e for signing MIDlet suites with real keys works like this: 1. Generate a new key pair . In the J2ME W ireless T oolkit you can do this by pressing New Key Pair ... in the MIDlet signing window , as described above.
Chapter 6 Security and MIDlet Signing 55 Real devices have similar lists of r oot certificates, although they cannot usually be modified by the user . When you want to deploy your application on a real device, you’ll have to use signing keys issued by a certificate authority whose r oot certificate is pr esent on the device.
56 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 6.5.2 Removing Certif icates T o r emove a certificate from the list, select the certif icate and choose Action > Delete Selection .
57 CHAPTER 7 Using the W ir eless Messaging API The J2ME W ireless T oolkit supports the W ir eless Messaging API (WMA) with a sophisticated simulation environment. WMA 1.1 (JSR 120) enables MIDlets to send and receive Short Message Service (SMS) or Cell Br oadcast Service (CBS) messages.
58 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 29 Setting WMA prefer ences The Phone Number of Next Emulator field is just what it sounds like. If you fill in a number for this field, the next emulator instance will have that number .
Chapter 7 Using the Wireless Messaging API 59 7.3 Sending Messages W ith the WMA Console The WMA console is a handy utility that allows you to send and receive messages. Y ou can, for example, use the WMA console to send SMS messages to a MIDlet running on the emulator .
60 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 31 Sending a text message The window automatically lists the phone numbers of all running emulator instances. Select a destination (Control-click to select multiple destinations) and enter a port number if you wish.
Chapter 7 Using the Wireless Messaging API 61 FIGURE 32 Sending a binary message Selecting recipients is the same as for sending text SMS messages. Y ou can type in the path of a file dir ectly , or click on Browse.
62 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 33 Sending CBS messages 7.3.4 Sending MMS Messages MMS messages consist of one or more files, usually images or sounds. MMS message can be sent to multiple r ecipients. T o send an MMS message fr om the WMA console, click on the Send MMS.
Chapter 7 Using the Wireless Messaging API 63 FIGURE 34 Adding recipients for an MMS message T o add media f iles to the message, click on the Parts tab.
64 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 7.4 Receiving Messages in the WMA Console The WMA console can also receive messages. If you look at the WMA console window , you’ll see it has its own phone number in the title bar . Y ou can send messages to the WMA console from your applications running on the emulator .
65 CHAPTER 8 Using the Mobile Media API The Mobile Media API (MMAPI) provides a standard API for r endering and capturing time-based media, like audio or video. The API was designed to be flexible with r espect to the media formats, protocols, and features supported by various devices.
66 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 8.2 Using MediaContr olSkin The J2ME W ireless T oolkit comes with an emulator skin, MediaControlSkin ,t h a t is focused on multimedia playback and control. The skin includes buttons with symbols repr esenting play , stop, volume up and volume down, and other commands.
67 CHAPTER 9 W orking W ith Mobile 3D Graphics This chapter provides a brief overview of working with 3D graphics content. 9.1 JSR 184 Overview JSR 184 is a specification that def ines the Mobile 3D Graphics (M3G) API for J2ME. This API provides 3D functionality in a compact package that’s appr opriate for CLDC/MIDP devices.
68 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 For an example of immediate mode, see the Life3D MIDlet in the Demo3D example application. 9.3 Retained Mode Most applications, particularly games, will use the retained mode or scene graph API.
Chapter 9 Working With Mobile 3D Graphics 69 9.5 Cr eating Mobile 3D Graphics Content Most mobile 3D applications will use scene graphs in resource f iles to describe objects, scenes, and characters. Usually it is not pr ogrammers but graphic designers or artists who create the scene graphs, using standard 3D modeling tools.
70 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
71 CHAPTER 10 Using the PIM and FileConnection APIs The J2ME W ireless T oolkit supports JSR 75, the PDA Optional Packages for the J2ME Platform. JSR 75 includes two independent APIs: ■ The FileConnection optional package allows MIDlets access to a local device file system.
72 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 Each subdirectory of filesystem is called a roo t . The J2ME W ireless T oolkit provides a mechanism for managing roots. While the emualtor is r unning, choose MIDlet > External events from the emulator window’s menu.
73 CHAPTER 11 Using the Bluetooth and OBEX APIs The J2ME W ireless T oolkit emulator supports JSR 82, the Java APIs for Bluetooth. JSR 82 includes two independent APIs: ■ The Bluetooth API provides an interface to Bluetooth wir eless networking, including device discovery and data exchange.
74 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 1 1.3 Setting OBEX and Bluetooth Pr efer ences The J2ME W ir eless T oolkit allows you to configur e the Bluetooth and OBEX simulation environment. Choose Edit > Preferences... from the KT oolbar menu to see the following window .
Chapter 11 Using the Bluetooth and OBEX APIs 75 1 1.3.2 Bluetooth Discovery T imeout In the Bluetooth section of the preferences window , the Device discovery timeout is the amount of time, in milliseconds, the emulator will wait while attempting to locate other devices in the simulated Bluetooth environment.
76 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
77 CHAPTER 12 Using W eb Services The J2ME W ireless T oolkit emulator supports JSR 172, the J2ME W eb Services Specification. JSR 172 pr ovides APIs for accessing web services from J2ME applications. It also includes an API for parsing XML documents.
78 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
79 APPENDIX A Application Demonstrations This appendix describes the application demonstrations that are bundled with the J2ME W ireless T oolkit. A.1 Overview The J2ME W ireless T oolkit includes demonstration applications that highlight some of the technologies and APIs that are supported by the emulator .
80 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 WTK22 , the source code for the SMS sender MIDlet ( example.sms.SMSSend )i n WMADemo is contained in WTK22appsWMADemosrcexamplesmsSMSSend.java . T ABLE 8 Application demonstrations Demonstration APIs Description Special Instructions Audiodemo MMAPI 1.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 81 A.2 General Instructions It's usually very simple to run one of the demonstration applications. This section describes the general procedure. Mor e detailed instructions for specific demonstrations are r eferenced in the table above.
82 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 41 Opening a demonstration application project Select one and click on the Open Project button in the dialog. Once the application is opened, all you need to do is press the Run button. The device emulator will pop up running the example application.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 83 FIGURE 42 Running the Bluetooth Demo server On the second emulator , choose Bluetooth Demo , then Client . The MIDlet tells you it’s ready to sear ch for images. Choose Find . The MIDlet will find the other emulator and get a list of images from it.
84 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 43 An image transferred via simulated Bluetooth Y ou can avoid the permission prompts by r unning the demonstration in the trusted protection domain. A.4 Demo3D This application contains three MIDlets that show of f the emulator's support of JSR 184, the Mobile 3D Graphics API.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 85 FIGURE 44 The Game of Life in three dimensions The keypad buttons provide control over the game. This source code for this example is particularly well-documented. T ake a look at {toolkit} appsDemo3Dsrccomsuperscapem3gwtksampleslife3dLif e3D.
86 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 45 A bouncing kangaroo Y ou can get the kangar oo to bounce around the landscape by using the arrow keys. Push up to go forward, down to go backward, and left and right to change direction.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 87 FIGURE 46 A tireless skateboar der A.5 JSR172Demo JSR172Demo shows how to access a web service from a MIDlet. The web service is already running on an Internet server . Y ou should be able to simply build and run the example.
88 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 A.6.1 Simple T ones The Simple T ones example demonstrates how to use interactive synthetic tones. The first menu entries play tones with dif ferent pitch and duration using Manager.playTone() .
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 89 ■ Video Capture Simulation simulates viewing input video such as might be possible on a device equipped with a camera. ■ [enter URL] allows you to play back media files fr om arbitrary HTTP servers. T ype a valid URL at the insertion point and click OK to play a file.
90 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The commands may or may not be available depending on the media type that Simple Player is playing. In addition, some commands can be invoked using the keypad buttons. The following table describes the availability of commands, their keypad equivalents, and the relevant class fr om MMAPI.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 91 Animated GIFs and video capture can be implemented using either a Form Item or a Canvas . The V ideo demonstration includes all the possibilities: ■ Animated GIF - Form [jar] shows an animated GIF as a Form Item .
92 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 Run two instances of the emulator . One listens for incoming connections, while the other attempts to send an image. In the first emulator , choose Obex Demo ,t h e n Receive Image . The emulator will ask for permission to listen.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 93 FIGURE 48 Prompting to accept a connection Choose Ye s . The image you selected is transferred over the simulated infrared link and displayed on the first emulator .
94 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 A.8 PDAPDemo PDAPDemo shows how to use the PIM and FileConnection APIs that are part of the JSR 75 specification. A.8.1 Br owsing Files T o run the f ile browser , you’ll need to give the MIDlet appopriate security authorization.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 95 FIGURE 51 Contents of the root1 directory Using the commands in the demonstration, you can view the file or see its properties.
96 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 The actual files ar e located in {toolkit} appdbDefaultColorPhonefilesystem , assuming you are using the DefaultColorPhone emulator skin. Y ou can add files and r oot directories as you wish and they will be visible to the JSR 75 File API.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 97 FIGURE 54 An empty contact list T o add an item, choose New from the menu. The application pr ompts you for a Formatted Name for the item. Y ou can add more data f ields to this item using Add Field in the menu.
98 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 56 Saving an item Y ou can r eturn to the list by choosing the Back command. Y ou'll see the item you just created in the list. The items that you create are stor ed in standard vCar d or vCalendar format in the {toolkit} appdb {skin} pim directory .
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 99 T o see the magic of the push r egistry , use the WMA console to send the emulator a message. Launch the console by choosing File > Utilities... from the KT oolbar menu. Click on the Open Console button in the WMA box to launch the WMA console.
100 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 58 The push registry springs to life Choose Y es. The SMSReceive MIDlet is launched and immediately displays the incoming SMS message. FIGURE 59 An incoming text message Y ou can also use the WMA console to send and receive CBS and MMS messages.
Appendix A Application Demonstrations 101 If you are attempting to send text messages to WMADemo using the WMA console, make sure to specify the port number as 50000. Use port 50001 for CBS messages. For MMS messages, use example.mms.MMSDemo as the application ID.
102 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 FIGURE 61 Adding parts to an MMS message Click on Send to send the message. The emulator asks if it can launch WMADemo .
103 APPENDIX B Command Line Refer ence This appendix describes how to operate the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit from the command line and details the steps requir ed to build and run an application.
104 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 B.2.1 Build Using KT oolbar , building a project is a single step. Behind the scenes, however , there ar e actually two steps. First, Java source files ar e compiled into Java class files. Next, the class f iles are pr everified , which means they ar e prepared for the CLDC KVM.
Appendix B Command Line Reference 105 As a result of this command, preverif ied class files ar e placed in the classes directory . If your application uses WMA, MMAPI, or other versions of CLDC or MIDP , be sure to include the r elevant .jar files in the classpath.
106 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 For example, a JAD file might have the following contents: MIDlet-Name: MyMIDlet MIDlet-Vendor: My Organization MIDlet-Version: 1.0 MIDlet-Jar-URL: MyApp.jar MIDlet-Jar-Size: 24601 B.2.3 Run Y ou can run the emulator fr om the command line.
Appendix B Command Line Reference 107 remove=[< storage_name >|< storage_number > | all] Remove a previously installed application. The application is specified by its valid storage name or storage number . Specifying all , all previously installed applications are removed.
108 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 B.3 Launching T oolkit GUI Components The components of the J2ME W ireless T oolkit can all be launched from the command line.
Appendix B Command Line Reference 109 kvem.memory.monitor.enable Monitor > Enable memory monitor V alue: true | false kvem.netmon.comm.enable Monitor > Enable Comm monitoring V alue: true | false kvem.netmon.datagram.enable Monitor > Enable Datagram monitoring V alue: true | false kvem.
110 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 B.5 Using Security Featur es The full spectrum of the J2ME W ir eless T oolkit’s security features ar e also available from the command line. Y ou can adjust the emulator ’s default protection domain, sign MIDlet suites, and manage certificates.
Appendix B Command Line Reference 111 B.5.2 Signing MIDlet Suites JadTool is a command-line interface for signing MIDlet suites using public key cryptography according to the MIDP 2.0 specification. Signing a MIDlet suite is the process of adding the signer certificates and the digital signatur e of the JAR file to a JAD file.
112 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 B.5.3 Managing Certif icates MEKeyTool manages the public keys of certificate authorities (CAs), making it functionally similar to the keytool utility that comes with the J2SE SDK. The keys can be used to facilitate secure HTTP communication over SSL (HTTPS).
Appendix B Command Line Reference 113 B.6 Using the Stub Generator J2ME Clients can use the Stub Generator to access web services. The wscompile tool generates stubs, ties, serializers, and WSDL files used in JAX-RPC clients and services.
114 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 Note – Exactly one -gen option must be specified. The -f option r equires a comma-separated list of features. T ABLE 15 lists the features (delimited by commas) that can follow the -f option.
115 APPENDIX C Internationalization This appendix describes setting the language displayed in the J2ME W ireless T oolkit and the localization setting of the emulation environment. C.1 Locale Setting A locale is a geographic or political region or community that shares the same language, customs, or cultural conventions.
116 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 C.2 Emulated Locale The microedition.locale property is the MIDP system pr operty that defines the current locale of the device, which is null by default.
Appendix C Internationalization 117 Note – All the J2SE encoders are available in the emulated environment. See the J2ME Wir eless T oolkit Basic Customization Guide for information on how to limit the list of available encoders for a specific device.
118 J2ME Wireless Toolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
119 Index A advanced configuration options, 26 application descriptor, 1 1 Application Management Software (AMS), 12 applications running remotely, 17 applications directory , setting, 2 7 attributes.
120 J2ME Wireless T oolkit User’s Guide • October 2004 IrDA, 73 J JAD, 1 1 attributes, 21 creating, 1 1 MIME type, 1 7 JAR creating, 1 1 MIME type, 1 7 Java Cryptography Extension (JCE) keystore, .
Index 121 push registry, 24 R remotely-deployed applications, 17 revision contr ol, 2 7 revision contr ol files, 2 7 Revision Control System (RCS), 27 RevisionControl property, 27 run options, 106 Ru.
122 J2ME Wireless T oolkit User’s Guide • October 2004.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Sun Microsystems J2ME è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Sun Microsystems J2ME - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Sun Microsystems J2ME imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Sun Microsystems J2ME ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Sun Microsystems J2ME, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Sun Microsystems J2ME.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Sun Microsystems J2ME. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Sun Microsystems J2ME insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
