Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto PC-OPDIO-16 del fabbricante National Instruments
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© Copyright 1995 National Instruments Corporation. All Rights Reserved. PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Optically Isolated Digital I/O Board for the PC May 1995 Edition Part Number 320937A-01.
National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 6504 Bridge Point Parkway Austin, TX 78730-5039 (512) 794-0100 Technical support fax: (800) 328-2203 (512) 794-5678 Branch Offices: Australia (03) 879 9422, Austria (0662) 435986, Belgium 02/757.
Limited Warranty The PC-OPDIO-16 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment, as evidenced by receipts or other documentation. National Instruments will, at its option, repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period.
WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans.
© National Instruments Corporation v PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Contents ____________________________________________________ About This Manual .............................................................................................................
Contents PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual v i © National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Signal Connections ............................................................................................................. 3-1 I/O Connectors ....................
Contents © National Instruments Corporation v i i PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Creating a Windows Application Using Microsoft Visual Basic ...................... 4-14 Example Programs .......................................................................
Contents PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual v i i i © National Instruments Corporation Appendix E Customer Communication ............................................................................................... E-1 Glossary ...............................
© National Instruments Corporation i x PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual About This Manual ____________________________________________________ This manual describes the electrical and mechanical aspects of the PC-OPDIO-16 and contains information concerning its installation, operation, and programming.
About This Manual PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual x © National Instruments Corporation • Appendix D, Status Codes , lists the status codes returned by NI-DAQ, including the name and description. • Appendix E, Customer Communication , contains forms you can use to request help from National Instruments or to comment on our products.
About This Manual © National Instruments Corporation x i PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual National Instruments Documentation The PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for your data acquisition system. You could have any of several types of manuals depending on the hardware and software in your system.
© National Instruments Corporation 1- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes the PC-OPDIO-16; lists what you need to get started; describes the optional software and optional equipment; and explains how to unpack your PC-OPDIO-16.
Introduction Chapter 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 1- 2 © National Instruments Corporation Software Programming Choices There are several options to choose from when programming your National Instruments DAQ and SCXI hardware. You can use LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, or NI-DAQ.
Chapter 1 Introduction © National Instruments Corporation 1- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual minimal modifications to your code. Figure 1-1 illustrates the relationship between NI-DAQ and LabVIEW and LabWindows/CVI. You can see that the data acquisition parts of LabVIEW and LabWindows/CVI are functionally equivalent to the NI-DAQ software.
Introduction Chapter 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 1- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Cabling National Instruments offers two cable termination accessory kits, the CB-50 and CB-50 LP, for use with the PC-OPDIO-16. These kits include a terminated, 50-conductor, flat ribbon cable and a connector block.
© National Instruments Corporation 2- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration This chapter contains instructions for installing the PC-OPDIO-16, installing the NI-DAQ software, configuring your PC-OPDIO-16 board, and cabling.
Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 2- 2 © National Instruments Corporation Hardware Configuration The PC-OPDIO-16 is completely software configurable. Typically, two types of configuration are performed on a DAQ board—bus related and data acquisition related.
Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration © National Instruments Corporation 2- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Data Acquisition-Related Configuration The PC-OPDIO-16 supplies eight channels of optically isolated digital input and eight channels of optically isolated digital output at the I/O connector.
Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 2- 4 © National Instruments Corporation LabVIEW users are encouraged to use the Easy I/O VIs in LabVIEW.
Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration © National Instruments Corporation 2- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual NI-DAQ Installation for Windows To install NI-DAQ for Windows, run the SETUPWIN program on Disk 1. One way to do this is to select the File menu from the Program Manager Window, then select Run.
Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 2- 6 © National Instruments Corporation When the configuration utility finds a new switchless device in your computer, it assigns the first available device number to the new device. The utility also assigns default resources such as I/O address.
Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration © National Instruments Corporation 2- 7 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual With this option, you can create multiple configuration files for different NI-DAQ applications or projects; simply use the appropriate path name when you want to create a new configuration file or view an existing one.
Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 2- 8 © National Instruments Corporation DAQCONF Command-Line Flags You can use the following command-line flags with DAQCONF : Command.
Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration © National Instruments Corporation 2- 9 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 3. Select the Device menu item to select your device type. Device type is the name of your device. After you select the device type, you can see the default settings for your device.
© National Instruments Corporation 3- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections This chapter describes the pin arrangement, signal names, and signal connections on the PC-OPDIO-16.
Signal Connections Chapter 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 3- 2 © National Instruments Corporation I/O Connectors Figure 3-1 shows the pin assignments for the PC-OPDIO-16 I/O connector.
Chapter 3 Signal Connections © National Instruments Corporation 3- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Signal Connection Descriptions Pin Signal Name Description 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22 VCCO<0..7> Isolated V cc for Output, channels 0 through 7—This signal is the Vcc for the output channels.
Signal Connections Chapter 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 3- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Optically Isolated Digital Output I/O connector pins 1 through 24 shown in Figure 3-1 represent the optically isolated output signal pins. Output Channels The optically isolated outputs of the PC-OPDIO-16 consist of a photo coupler and a load resistor.
Chapter 3 Signal Connections © National Instruments Corporation 3- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Signal Connection Example Figure 3-2 shows signal connections for the load connected to an isolated output. 5.6 k Ω 5.6 k Ω 5.6 k Ω PC-OPDIO-16 TLP121 Isolation 5.
Signal Connections Chapter 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 3- 6 © National Instruments Corporation Increasing Switching Frequency for TTL Loads You can increase the switching frequency for the TTL loads by putting a resistor in parallel to VCCO and VOUT. This parallel arrangement will reduce load resistance and increase switching frequency.
Chapter 3 Signal Connections © National Instruments Corporation 3- 7 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Sensing DC Voltages When a positive or negative DC voltage with a magnitude of at least 2 V is referenced to the IGND of a channel and is applied to an input of that channel, the PC-OPDIO-16 registers a logic high for that input.
Signal Connections Chapter 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 3- 8 © National Instruments Corporation Reducing the Forward Current for 24 V Inputs You can reduce the forward current, I f , for 24 V input signals by adding a series resistance with the 3.3 k Ω current-limiting resistor, as shown in Figure 3-5.
© National Instruments Corporation 4- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 4 Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ ___________________________________________________________________________.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 2 © National Instruments Corporation 2. Compile your source code with the Microsoft C Compiler (Version 8.0 or later) and use the large memory model, which you select when you include the /AL flag in the command line.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 2. NI-DAQ library needs to allocate some memory for internal use. Therefore, you need to set aside memory using the SETMEM statement.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Running Your Application Inside the Visual Basic Environment First, you must create an NI-DAQ Quick library. MAKEQLB.BAT in the QLBUTIL subdirectory is useful for creating Quick libraries for Visual Basic.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual your LIB environment variable so the linker can find the libraries. The following statement is an example of how to set the LIB environment variable in your autoexec.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 6 © National Instruments Corporation If you are using Borland C++ version 4.0, you need to edit the definition of halloc in the include file MALLOC.H in the include directory.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 7 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Memory Requirement If the Turbo Pascal interactive environment runs out of memory while compiling NI-DAQ applications, try some or all of the following: • Set the Turbo Pascal compile destination to disk.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 8 © National Instruments Corporation The NI-DAQ Libraries The NI-DAQ for Windows function libraries are DLLs, which means that NI-DAQ routines are not linked into the executable files of applications.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 9 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Huge (Greater Than 64 KB) Buffer Access Buffers of allocated memory that exceed 64 KB are divided into 64 KB groups, or segments .
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 10 © National Instruments Corporation Example Programs You can find some example programs and project files created in version 3.1 NIDAQWINBCCP_EX in the directory.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 11 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Creating a Windows Application Using Microsoft Visual C++ This section assumes that you will be using the Microsoft Visual Workbench to manage your code development.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 12 © National Instruments Corporation 3. Turn on the {$N+} compiler option to enable the extended floating-point types.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 13 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Huge Buffer Access Unlike C and C++, Turbo Pascal does not support huge pointers. Consequently, you must perform your own pointer arithmetic when accessing memory buffers greater than 64 KB in size.
The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQChapter 4 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 4- 14 © National Instruments Corporation Creating a Windows Application Using Microsoft Visual Basic To use the NI-DAQ functions, you must use the NI-DAQ DLL. Follow this procedure: 1.
Chapter 4 The Fundamentals of Building Applications with NI-DAQ © National Instruments Corporation 4- 15 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Put fh%, , strBuffer$ : close fh% : Huge Buffer Access Visual Basic does not support buffer allocation greater than 64 KB or huge buffer access.
© National Instruments Corporation 5- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 5 Theory of Operation This chapter describes the theory of operation for optically isolated digital I/O on the PC-OPDIO-16. This chapter also discusses using NI-DAQ functions with the PC-OPDIO-16 board.
Theory of Operation Chapter 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 5- 2 © National Instruments Corporation You can execute data acquisition functions by using the digital I/O circuitry. The internal data and control buses interconnect the components. Optical isolation is attained by the optical isolation circuitry.
Chapter 5 Theory of Operation © National Instruments Corporation 5- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual designed around an 82C55A programmable peripheral interface (PPI). Two of the 82C55A ports are used in the PC-OPDIO-16; port A is used for output, and port B is used for input.
Theory of Operation Chapter 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 5- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Using NI-DAQ Functions for Isolated Digital I/O The C code block below illustrates the use of the NI-DAQ digital input and output calls supported by the PC-OPDIO-16 board.
Chapter 5 Theory of Operation © National Instruments Corporation 5- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Using LabVIEW Data Acquisition Library for Digital I/O LabVIEW users are encouraged to use the Easy I/O VIs in LabVIEW. They allow full access to the PC-OPDIO-16 board functionality.
© National Instruments Corporation 6- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference This chapter contains important information about how to apply the NI-DAQ function descriptions in this manual to your programming language and environment.
NI-DAQ Function Reference Chapter 6 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 6- 2 © National Instruments Corporation Primary Types Table 6-2 shows the primary type names and their ranges.
Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference © National Instruments Corporation 6- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Visual Basic for DOS All of the function names listed in this manual have underscores (_) in the names to delineate words.
NI-DAQ Function Reference Chapter 6 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 6- 4 © National Instruments Corporation To do so, go to the Project window and choose the Global module, then choose Load Text from the Code menu. Select NIDAQCNS.INC , which is in the NIDAQWINVB_EX directory.
Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference © National Instruments Corporation 6- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Device Numbers The first parameter to almost every NI-DAQ function is the device number of the DAQ device you want NI-DAQ to use for the given operation.
NI-DAQ Function Reference Chapter 6 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 6- 6 © National Instruments Corporation Note to C Programmers: state is a pass-by-reference parameter. Using This Function DIG_In_Line returns the digital logic state of the specified digital line in the specified port.
Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference © National Instruments Corporation 6- 7 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual DIG_Out_Line Format status = DIG_Out_Line (deviceNumber, port, line, state) Purpose Sets or clears the specified digital output line in the specified digital port.
NI-DAQ Function Reference Chapter 6 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 6- 8 © National Instruments Corporation DIG_Out_Port Format status = DIG_Out_Port (deviceNumber, port, pattern) Purpose Writes digital output data to the specified digital port.
Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference © National Instruments Corporation 6- 9 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Get_DAQ_Device_Info Format status = Get_DAQ_Device_Info (deviceNumber, infoType, infoValue) Purpose Allows you to retrieve parameters pertaining to the device operation.
NI-DAQ Function Reference Chapter 6 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual 6- 10 © National Instruments Corporation Get_NI_DAQ_Version Format status = Get_NI_DAQ_Version (version) Purpose Returns the version number of the NI-DAQ library.
Chapter 6 NI-DAQ Function Reference © National Instruments Corporation 6- 11 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Init_DA_Brds Format status = Init_DA_Brds (deviceNumber, deviceNumberCode) Purpose Initializes the.
© National Instruments Corporation A- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Appendix A Specifications This appendix lists the specifications of the PC-OPDIO-16. These specifications are typical at 25 ° C and 50% relative humidity unless otherwise stated. The operating temperature range is 0 ° to 50 ° C.
Specifications Appendix A PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual A- 2 © National Instruments Corporation Digital logic levels ...................................................... . Level Min Max Ouput low voltage (I OL = 4.0 mA) — ± 1 VDC Ouput high voltage (I OH = 250 µ A) 22 VDC at VCCO = 24 V 3 VDC at VCCO = 5 V — Output low current — 7.
© National Instruments Corporation B- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Appendix B CP Clare LDA210 Data Sheet * This appendix contains a manufacturer data sheet for the LDA210 solid state current sensor (CP Clare Corporation). This sensor is used on the PC-OPDIO-16 isolated input port.
© National Instruments Corporation C-1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Appendix C Register-Level Programming This appendix describes in detail the address and function of each PC-OPDIO-16 register. Note: If you plan to use a programming software package such as NI-DAQ or LabWindows/CVI with your PC-OPDIO-16, you do not need to read this chapter.
Register-Level Programming Appendix C PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual C - 2 © National Instruments Corporation Register Description Register Description Format The remainder of this chapter discusses each of the PC-OPDIO-16 registers in the order shown in Table C-1.
Appendix C Register-Level Programmingt © National Instruments Corporation C-3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Port B Register Reading the Port B Register returns the logic state of the eight optically isolated digital input lines VIN0 through VIN7.
Register-Level Programming Appendix C PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual C - 4 © National Instruments Corporation Programming The pseudocode for controlling the output port of the PC-OPDIO-16 is: 1. Write to 82 hex to the Digital Control Register to configure port A as the output port and port B as the input port.
Appendix C Register-Level Programmingt © National Instruments Corporation C-5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Example: Reading binary XXXXXXX1 at port B will imply a high on the VIN0, if proper signal connections are done.
© National Instruments Corporation D- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Appendix D Status Codes This appendix lists the status codes returned by NI-DAQ, including the name and description. Each NI-DAQ function returns a status code that indicates whether the function was performed successfully.
Status Codes Appendix D PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual D- 2 © National Instruments Corporation Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description 8 readOutputLine A digital line configured for output has been read. 7 relatedPortBusy Another port on the same chip is busy.
Appendix D Status Codes © National Instruments Corporation D- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -81 portAssignToGrp The specified port is currently assigned to a group and can be accessed only through DIG_Grp calls until unassigned.
Status Codes Appendix D PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual D- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -103 multSourceInputErr Attempt to drive more than one signal onto another signal or trigger line.
Appendix D Status Codes © National Instruments Corporation D- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -130 RTSIlineInUseErr The user is using an RTSI line needed by the system. -131 dacUpdateRTSIinUseErr Attempt to clear an RTSI connection in use by the system.
Status Codes Appendix D PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual D- 6 © National Instruments Corporation Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -165 dacUpdateRTSINotAvailErr dacUpdate RTSI line is currently being driven by a RTSI bus line.
Appendix D Status Codes © National Instruments Corporation D- 7 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -195 noNIDAQLibErr Pertains to LabVIEW only. -196 noNIDAQFuncErr Pertains to LabVIEW only.
Status Codes Appendix D PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual D- 8 © National Instruments Corporation Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -420 multiRatePreTrigErr You cannot use multirate scanning and pretriggering together.
Appendix D Status Codes © National Instruments Corporation D- 9 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Table D-1. Status Code Summary (Continued) Status Code Status Name Description -459 criticalResourceConflictErr A conflict was detected when trying to report base address resources for this device.
© National Instruments Corporation E- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Appendix E Customer Communication For your convenience, this appendix contains forms to help you gather the information necessary to help us solve technical problems you might have as well as a form you can use to comment on the product documentation.
Technical Support Form Photocopy this form and update it each time you make changes to your software or hardware, and use the completed copy of this form as a reference for your current configuration.
PC-OPDIO-16 Hardware and Software Configuration Form Record the settings and revisions of your hardware and software on the line to the right of each item. Complete a new copy of this form each time you revise your software or hardware configuration, and use this form as a reference for your current configuration.
Documentation Comment Form National Instruments encourages you to comment on the documentation supplied with our products. This information helps us provide quality products to meet your needs. Title: PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Edition Date: May 1995 Part Number: 320937A-01 Please comment on the completeness, clarity, and organization of the manual.
© National Instruments Corporation Glossary- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Glossary ____________________________________________________ Prefix Meaning Value p- pico- 10 - 12 n- nano- 10 - 9 µ - micro- .
Glossary PC-OPDIO-16 User Manua Glossary- 2 © National Instruments Corporation ID identification IGND isolated input ground signal INL integral nonlinearity I/O input/output I OH current, output high.
© National Instruments Corporation Index- 1 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Index Numbers/Symbols +5 V signal, 3-3 24 V inputs, reducing forward current for, 3-8 A AC voltages, sensing, 3-7 advanced VIs, 5-5.
Index PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Index- 2 © National Instruments Corporation D D<7..0> bit Port A Register, C-2 Port B Register, C-3 DAQCONF command-line flags (table), 2-8 device configuration, 2.
Index © National Instruments Corporation Index- 3 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual electrical specifications, A-1 pin assignments (figure), 3-2 L LabVIEW software NI-DAQ installation, 2-3 to 2-4 programming c.
Index PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Index- 4 © National Instruments Corporation Visual Basic for Windows, 6-3 to 6- 4 status codes, 6-1 using for isolated digital I/O, 5-4 variable data types, 6-1 primary types (table), 6-2 NI-DAQ libraries, 4-8 NI-PNP.EXE utility, 2-5 O operating environment specifications, A-2 operation of PC-OPDIO-16.
Index © National Instruments Corporation Index- 5 PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual register map for PC-OPDIO-16 (table), C-1 S signal connections exceeding maximum ratings (warning), 3-1 I/O connector pin ass.
Index PC-OPDIO-16 User Manual Index- 6 © National Instruments Corporation U unpacking the PC-OPDIO-16, 1-4 to 1-5 V variable data types for NI-DAQ functions, 6-1 primary types (table), 6-2 VCCO<0..7> signal description (table), 3-3 exceeding voltage limits (warning), 3-4 isolation from output channels, 3-4 VIN<0.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo National Instruments PC-OPDIO-16 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
