Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto ATM OC-3c del fabbricante IBM
Vai alla pagina of 140
8271 Nw ays E ther net L AN Sw itc h A T M OC-3 c Modu le User ’ s Guide.
Before usin g thi s informa tion an d the prod uct it sup ports, b e sure to rea d the ge ner a l in for ma tio n und er Appe nd ix A, “Sa fe ty Info r- m atio n” and Ap pe nd ix F, “N oti ces , T rade mar k s, an d W arr an tie s ”.
C ONTE NTS A BO UT T HIS G UI DE Int r oduc t i on 1 T er m inology 1 AT M Te r m i n o l o g y 1 F in din g Inf orma ti on in Th is G ui de 2 Convent ions 2 Rela t ed Doc ument ation 3 1 F EATU R ES .
4 P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWO RK T OG ETHER Pla nning Y our Networ k 4-1 A TM Configur ation R ul es 4-2 Exte nding VLANs Thr ough t he A T M Network 4-2 A TM Co nnec tions Within Y our Network 4-3 5 .
A S AFE TY I N FOR MA TI ON S afe ty Not i ces A- 1 W orld T rade Safe ty In fo rmat ion A-1 B S CR EEN A CC ESS R I GHTS C AT M M ODULE T ECHN ICAL S PEC IF ICATI ON S En vi ronmen tal Specifi cat i .
.
A BOUT T HI S G UIDE In tr oduc tion This guide provides the information that you need to install and configure the IBM 8271 Nway s Ether ne t LAN Switc h A TM OC-3c Mod ul e (ag en t soft w ar e version 1.05) within an IBM 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN s witch which ha s version 3.
2 A BOUT T HIS G UIDE Finding I n f ormatio n in This Guide The followin g table shows you where to fin d specific information within this gu ide. Conve ntion s T abl e 1 and T able 2 list conventions that are us ed throughout this guide.
Rela t ed Documentati on 3 Rel ated D ocu ment atio n The A TM OC-3c Mo dule docum etation set in cludes: ■ IBM 8271 Nw a y s Ethernet LAN Switch A T M OC-3c Module Quick Reference Guide. Part N umber 02L 1333 ■ IBM 8271 Nw a y s Ethernet LAN Switch A T M OC-3c Module Release Notes.
4 A BOUT T HIS G UIDE.
1 F EATU R ES AND B ENEFI TS This c hapter describes the ma in feature s of the IBM 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN Switch A TM OC-3c Module and the benefits of A T M withi n your network. The A T M Mo dule provides a high-speed A TM connection between your IBM 8271 N way s Ether net LAN Switch and the A TM network.
1- 2 C HAPTER 1: F EATURES AND B ENEF I TS A TM Modu le Featur es The followin g list summ arizes the A TM Module fea tu re s . Th es e f e atu r es are d e scr i b e d in m o re d et ai l in this guide.
2 N ETW ORK L AY ER C ONCEP TS This guide contains several chapters that des cribe the basic c onc epts behin d A T M technol ogy , and integrating A TM into your e x isting network: ■ This c hapter describes some of the concepts behind the network layer ar chitectur e of a ty pica l A TM network.
2- 2 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS Up per L aye r P r oto c o ls The Upper Layer i s the laye r in the netw ork archite ctu re tha t r elate s to user appli c a tions and se r vice re qu ests.
What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 3 LAN E mula tion Com ponent s Each E mulat ed L AN (ELAN) is c omp os ed of a se t of LAN Emulation c omp one nts. This section de scribes each of these components. LAN Emu lation Clie nt (L EC) Ea c h A TM de vice has a n umber o f L A N Emul atio n clients.
2- 4 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS LAN E mula tion Com ponent s i n Y our Networ k Each Emul ated LAN consis ts of a singl e LANE Servi ce , and a number of LAN Em ul ation clients.
What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 5 Joining the ELAN Before a LAN Emulation C l i ent (LEC) can transmit any Ethe rnet frames on t o the A TM network it must first join an EL A N . T o join t h e EL AN : 1 The L EC must know the name o f the E LAN it is to join.
2- 6 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS Mappi ng Ethern et and A TM Addr esses Each device connected to an E thernet port has one or mo re MAC addres se s. Each A TM device has a number of LAN Emulation clients, and each LAN Emulation Client (LEC) has an A TM ad dr e ss .
What is LAN Emulat i o n (LANE)? 2- 7 LAN Emul a t ion Ad dre ss Res ol uti on Pr oto c o l (LE_ARP) An LE_ ARP re ques t i s se nt to t he LES to l oc ate the destina t ion MA C addr e ss. The LES in turn sends the LE_ARP reque st to all of the LE Cs in the Emulated LAN.
2- 8 C HAPTER 2: N ETWOR K L AYER C ONCEPTS A TM Adapt ation Laye r (AAL) Etherne t frames ca n be betwe en 64 and 1514 by tes in length. A T M transmits da ta in fixed l ength cells . Each cell contains 48 bytes of user data. The AT M Adaptation Layer (AAL) c onverts data betw een the Et hernet and A TM formats.
Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2- 9 A TM is S ervice T ransp ar ent A TM al lows fo r the hig h sp eed tr ansfer of a w ide range of use r t raff ic, inclu ding v oi ce, vi de o a n d other da ta . The cell fo rmat means that more th an one servi ce (traf fic type ) can be mult iple xed over the sam e physical l ine, se e Figure 2-4.
2-10 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS A VC C is defin ed as s panning en d-to-e n d, wher eas a V irt ual Channel (VC) is the name giv en to a section of the VCC, refer to Figure 2-6. F igur e 2-6 Connecti o n T ermin ology Many virtual channels can exist on the same physical li nk.
Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2-11 F igur e 2-7 S witching Cell s using VPI a nd VCI value s..
2-12 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS Swit ch ed V i rtua l Ci rcuits (SV Cs ) SVCs u se the signall i ng protocol to dynamically define conne ctions as they are needed a n d to r elease th em when th ey ar e no l on ger need ed. SVCs use signalling for: ■ Connectio ns initiated by the user/application.
Asynchr onous T ransfer Mode ( A TM) Lay er 2-13 Interim Lo cal Mana gemen t Interfa ce (ILM I ) The A TM F orum produced the Interim Local Management Interface (IL M I) to inc rease monitoring and d iagnostic fac ilities, and to pr ov ide A T M address regi s trati on at the U ser -to-Network I nterface (U NI) .
2-14 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS The A TM Layer a nd Cell Str uct ur e This section describes the cell structur e, and how the A TM Layer us e s the information stored in the c ell header to pe rform eac h of its task s.
Physi cal Layer 2-15 Physic al La yer The physical layer i s r esp onsible for transmitting and receiving A TM cells over a physic al mediu m . It is also responsible for ch e c king the in t egrity of the bi t s being tr ansferr ed over a physical med ia, and for maki ng sur e that th ey ar e err or -fre e.
2-16 C HAPTER 2: N ETWORK L AYER C ONCEPTS.
3 V IRTUAL LAN C ONCEP TS This chapter pr o v ides a brief overv i ew of V irtua l LA N (VL AN) concepts, an d describes how to extend VLA Ns into the A TM network. This user guide does not describ e how to create or configure VLANs. VLAN configuration is described in the user g uide th at accompani es yo ur Swi tch.
3- 2 C HAPTER 3: V I RTUAL LAN C ONCEPTS E xte nding VLANs into the A TM N et wo rk Y ou can us e LAN Emulation to define an d extend VLANs seam lessly thr ough the A TM network , as shown i n the e x ample in F igure 3-3. T raff ic from one Emulat ed LAN ( EL AN) is no t seen on another ELAN as they ar e logically se parate doma i ns.
Exten ding V LANs i nto th e A TM Net work 3-3 F igur e 3-3 Extending VLANs into the A T M N etw ork..
3- 4 C HAPTER 3: V I RTUAL LAN C ONCEPTS.
4 P UT TING Y OUR AT M N ETWO RK T OGET HER This chap ter takes y ou thr ough the pr ocess of planning your network. T opi cs include: ■ Planning and tracking your network configuration. ■ A TM C onfiguration Ru les. ■ Extending Vir tual LANs (VLANs ) i nto the A T M network.
4- 2 C HAPTER 4: P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWORK T OGETHER ■ Does yo ur netw or k m eet s afety sp e c i fi catio ns? Y ou sh ould alway s follow safety requir eme nts and ensur e tha t yo ur devi ce env ironment meets all technical specifications . For the A TM Module these requirements are sp e cified in A ppendix A.
A TM Connec tions Wit hin Y our Network 4- 3 ■ Virtual circuits r e quired. ■ MAC addresses that can be held in the device LAN Emul ati on ARP T able. When a LAN Emulation Client (LEC) jo ins an ELA N, up to fi ve control co nnections may be required before any data is transfe rr ed o ver a s eparat e d a ta connection (VCC).
4- 4 C HAPTER 4: P UTTI NG Y OUR AT M N ETWORK T OGETHER Figure 4-1 shows an example of a network conf igurat ion wher e a r em ote edge-d evice d oes not support L AN Emu l at i on based on SVCs ( i t only supports PVC LA N Emula tion).
5 N ETW ORK C ONFIGURATI ON E XAMPLES This chapter p r ov ides exampl e s of poss ible network configurations usin g the A TM Module. If you ar e unfamiliar w ith A TM, you should r ead thi s chapte r in conjunction with Chapter 4, “Putting Y our A TM Network T ogether”.
5- 2 C HAPTER 5: N ETWOR K C ON FIGU RA TION E XAM PLES Camp us Conf igur a tio n The sec ti o n gives an example of A TM withi n a campus environment. The diagram shown in Figure 5-2 on page 5-3 demonstrates a balance between c ost and performanc e r equirements.
Campus Confi gur ation 5- 3 F igur e 5-2 Campus a nd Cost Sens itive Ne twork.
5- 4 C HAPTER 5: N ETWOR K C ON FIGU RA TION E XAM PLES Makin g a B uildi ng Re silie nt to Netw ork Failure Y ou can build resilience into your bui lding backbon e as shown in F igur e 5-3. The provision of r esilient links protects y our network against cable and ne twork failur e b y using a main a nd a standby link.
6 I NST ALLING AND S ETTING U P TH E M ODULE Followin g Sa f ety In format ion A TTENTION : Only hold the A TM Module by the edges to av oid damage from static.
6- 2 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE qualquer trabalho de manutenção, deve ler o conteúdo do Apêndic e A, “Informaç ões sobre Segura n ça” , deste m anual.
Devic e S upport 6- 3 Dev ice Su ppor t The A TM Module a llows y ou to conne c t your IB M 8271 Nways Ethern et LAN Switch to an A TM network. Switches that suppo rt the A TM Module a re lis ted in the “R ele ase Notes” that ac co mpany your A TM Modu le.
6- 4 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE Ins tallati on This section describes how to i nstall the A TM M odule using the example of an IBM 8271 N ways E thernet LAN Switch Model 624 device. Installation is similar for all dev ic es co m patible wi th this A TM Module.
Po st-I nstalla tion Chec ks 6-5 Conne ctin g a ca ble to th e A TM Port 1 Ensure that the cable you wish to connect to the po r t meets the correc t spec i fic ati on . For cable specifications, refe r to “A T M Cable Specification” on page C- 1.
6- 6 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE LED S ummary This section describes the LEDs that provide status and tr o ubleshooting information.
Po st-I nstalla tion Chec ks 6-7 Chec king th e Power Supply Check the MGMT LED on the Sw itc h . If the MGMT LED is not lit ther e is a p ower supply pr ob lem. T ry the following tr oubleshooting pr ocedures: 1 Check that the power supply is plugged into the device, using a power outlet that is known to be working .
6- 8 C HAPTER 6: I NST AL LING AND S ETTING U P THE M ODULE 4 Remove a ny objects obstructing the cable and stra ight en out any kin ks in the cable. 5 If you suspect that t he fiber optic connector i s dirty , refe r to “Cl e a ning Dirty F i ber Optic C onnectors” on page D- 24.
7 A CC ESSING M ANAGE MENT F EA TUR E S The men u - driv en user interf ace built into the device is known as the VT 100 or Loca l M a nage me n t int er f a ce . The VT10 0 manage m ent interface ha s a form s-based structur e with pre-defined security levels, enabling access to be restricted to particular users.
7- 2 C HAPTER 7: A CCESSI NG M ANAG EM ENT F EATURES F igur e 7-1 Screen Map.
Logg ing On 7-3 Logging On 1 Connect your terminal to the C ons ole port using a cr oss-over cable for a serial line connec tion. 2 At your term inal, pr ess [Return] two or more t imes until the Main Banner is displayed, as shown in Figure 7-2.
7- 4 C HAPTER 7: A CCESSI NG M ANAG EM ENT F EATURES T o find out whic h A TM screens can be accessed for each of the security levels , r efer to Appendix B, “Screen Access Rights”. For acc ess rights to Switch s cr eens, see th e user guide that accompan ies you r Swi tch.
8 M AN AGING THE AT M M ODULE This c hapter describes how to ma nage the A TM Module. If y o u wish to view stat istics, refe r to Chapter 9, “Monitoring the A T M M odule”. Figure 8-1 shows the scr een map . Manage ment features are show n in gray to help yo u locate the scr een you need.
8- 2 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Conf igu rin g an A T M Por t The A TM Module C onfigu ration Scr een shows the settings and standards used by the A TM Module to communic at e wi t h other devi ces on the A TM network. It is unlikely that you wil l nee d to change the valu e of these setti n gs once they have been set.
Configu ring an A TM Port 8- 3 SONET/SDH Specifies the fram ing used. Sel ect ei ther SONET S TS-3c or SDH ST M-1 . Th e d e f a ul t i s SONET STS-3 c. The MAX VPI Bits an d MAX VCI B its fields de scribed below , a r e used t o determine how many bits c an be used w ithin each cell h ead er to define the value of the VPI and VCI.
8- 4 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Up gra dab le Sof t war e V ers io n Show s the versio n number of agent s oft w ar e stored on the A TM M odule (i n Flash EP ROM ). Boot Sof tware Version This is the v ersion num ber of the boot software stored o n the A TM M odule.
Exten ding V LANs i nto th e A TM Net work 8-5 2 If the VLAN is to be connected t o an ELAN, select Ye s . If you do not w ish the VLAN to be connected to an ELAN, selec t No . 3 If there is a LECS con t ro llin g ELAN s on you r netwo rk , it should a utomatically supply the LES address for the ELAN, and you should select th e LECS optio n.
8- 6 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE F igur e 8-5 VLAN Sele cted Scr e en F igur e 8-6 Switch VLAN S etup Sc re en Use [C trl ]+[D] keys to s cro ll down the li s t bo x to view the res t of the li s t, including the A TM port. The A TM port is s hown as AT M in the Ty p e field, or as AT M B p if it has been set up as a ba ckbone port.
A TM Port Setup 8- 7 F igur e 8-7 A TM Por t Se tup Scr een The scr een s hows the following fiel ds : Port Identifies the selected port. Port Sp eed Show s the speed of the port connec tion. Port St ate Allows you to turn the port on and off . If you wish to al low traf fi c to pass through this port, sele ct th e Enabl e option.
8- 8 C HAPTER 8: M AN AGING THE ATM M ODULE Los t Link s T he numb er of tim es a link was unable to transmit traffi c, that i s, the number of times (since the device was reset) that t he L i nk State became Not Avail ab le . LEC State s Shows th e st atus o f the L EC for each VLA N.
Mapping Far E nd MAC Addr esses 8- 9 VLA N A llow s you t o se le ct a VLA N , and disp la y address information about remote systems connec te d to that VL A N . Port Identifies the selected port. Far MAC Address Shows the MAC Address on the edge-device at the far end of the c onnection.
8-10 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Fin ding an Ad dres s Ent ry 1 In the Fa r MA C A d dre ss field, type in the MAC addr ess as s o ciate d with the A TM addr ess you are trying to l ocate. 2 Sele ct the FIND A TM AD DRESS but ton. An asteri sk (*) is shown next to the entry in the d atabase lis tbox.
Sett ing Up Re silien t Links 8-11 A T M A ddress Shows the A TM address of LEC for either the A T M M odul e or the A TM Switch. If Near is sh own in the End fiel d, t he addr ess is the addr ess of the L EC in th e A TM Module.
8-12 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Every 2 minutes the Switch checks the r esil i ent lin ks to ensure that the fastest link is the Ma in (acti ve) link in the resi lient link pair .
Up gra din g So ftw are 8-13 When the OK bu t ton is sel ecte d, the status of the upgrade i s displayed. The following e rr or and sta tus mes sa ges ar e avai l ab l e: Error Me ssages This s ec t i.
8-14 C HAPTER 8: M AN AG ING THE AT M M ODULE Status Message s This section list s status messa ges that can a ppear when you download new softwar e images to a device. Active The file is c urr e ntly be ing downloade d to the sel ected device. Allow time fo r the download to c omplete.
9 M ONITORIN G TH E AT M M OD U LE This chapter descri bes how to monitor th e status and performance of your A T M Mod ule. Figure 9-1 s hows the s c reen map.
9- 2 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Stat istics Ove r vi ew This section prov ides a brief overview of the addition al st atist i cs th a t are ava i lable when y o u inst all an A TM Module. Re fer to the user guide that accompanies the Swit c h for inform at ion a bout the statist ics that are prov i de d by the Swit ch softwar e .
A TM Por t Stati s t ics 9- 3 A TM Port Stat ist ics The A TM Port St ati st ics scr ee n pr o vi des a top level summary of tra ffic level s on the A TM Port . Y ou can use the sum mary to estimate the am ount of traf fic on your network backbone, and to check the health of the i ncom ing connectio n.
9- 4 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Recei ve Errors S hows the per c entage of cells r ecei ved th at have errors . For ex am ple, c ells re ceiv ed with c orrupted header information ( H eader E rror Control – H EC ).
A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 5 The scr een al so shows the follow ing A TM statis ti cs: Cells Rec eive d The number of A TM cells r e ceived by the port. Ce ll s T rans mitt ed The numbe r of A TM c e lls transmitted per second by the port.
9- 6 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Port ID Identifies the c urrently select ed port. VLAN Allows you to select t he VLAN you wish to monitor . T he default i s VLAN 1. If y ou wish to revi ew the s t ate of all VLANs o n th e A TM Module, s ee “ A TM Port Setup” on pag e 8-6.
A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 7 Invalid Req uest Par ameter s Th e LE S/L ECS has r ejec t ed a requ est fr om the LEC because the r equ est par ameters were incompatible w ith the ELA N. Th e LEC ma y be r eques ting a r esour ce that i s on an E LAN which has a d if fer en t L AN t ype to t he LEC.
9- 8 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Insuf ficient Res our c es Ther e are insuf ficient r esour ces to g rant a re que st . T oo many connecti on s have bee n r equ este d and t he table s used b y the L ES may be fu ll, and t he conn ection canno t be set up.
A TM VLAN LE C Status 9- 9 LEC Op eration at Failu re Identi fies the opera ti on that was being carried out when the LEC setup failed. This field s hould be u sed in conjun ction with the Last LEC F ailur e Reason to i dentify th e cause of the problem.
9-10 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE Frames R eceived The nu mber of Ethe rnet frames r ec ei v ed b y the LEC. Frames T ransmi tted The number of Ethe rnet frames transmit ted by the L EC . Octets Received The number of Ethernet octets r ec ei v ed b y the LEC.
A TM Physi cal L ayer Stati sti cs 9-11 F igur e 9-5 Physic al La yer Stat istic s Current Sampl e Spe cifies the number of seconds elapsed wi thin the c urr ent sampling period. SONET/S DH co u nt ers are acc u mul ated over a period of 15 m inutes (900 seconds).
9-12 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE The follow i ng stati stics ar e ava ilab l e: Error ed Seco nds (Near) The number of error ed secon ds at the A T M M odule end of the connection. Error e d Second s (Far) The num ber of se conds at the A TM Switch end of the connec tion.
A TM Physi cal L ayer Stati sti cs 9-13 7 If you s us pect that the fiber o pti c cable is not working, replace the c ab le with a c able know n to be worki ng, a n d check th e Link Status LED. 8 Check that the cab l e has not be en accidently plugged into an FDDI connector at one end of the c onnection.
9-14 C HAPTER 9: M O NITO RING THE AT M M ODULE.
A S AFE TY I NFORM ATION Y ou must re ad the following safety information before carrying out any installation or removal of compon e nts , or any maintena nc e pr ocedu r es on the Swi tch. Safe ty No tices Safety notices are pri nted thr o ughout this m anual .
A-2 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Gevarr: V oo r dat u begint met het installeren van dit produkt, dient u eerst de v e iligheidsrichtlijnen te lezen die z i jn v e rm eld in de publ i katie C aution: Safety Informtion – Read This First , SD 21-0030.
S afe ty Not i c es A-3 Vi gyáz at: Mielôtt m egk ezdi a berendez é s üzembe hely ez és ét , olv assa el a Caution: Safety I nfor mation – Read Thi s First, SD 21-0030 könyvecs k é ben leírt biz t on sági info rmác iókat.
A-4 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION A TTENTION DANGER: In stallat ion a nd remo val of the unit must be carri ed out by qualified personnel only . DANGER: L' installa tio n et l 'enlèv ement de l'unité doivent être fa i ts seulem e n t par le pe rsonnel quali- fié.
S afe ty Not i c es A-5 DANG ER : This uni t operate s und e r SE L V c ondition s (Safety Extra Low V oltage) according to IEC 950, the conditions of which are maintained only if the equipment to which it is connected is also opera- tional un der S E L V .
A-6 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION Gervaar: Deze ee nheid werkt ond er extra lage spann ing (SEL V , Safety Extr a Low V o l ta ge) volgens norm IEC 950. Er wo r dt ui t s l uitend aa n de ze norm voldaan z ol ang de apparatuur w a a rmee de ee nheid is verbonden, o ok werkt onde r SEL V .
S afe ty Not i c es A-7 Это устройство работает по стандарту IEC 950 в условиях Безопасно низкого напряжения (SEL V) только при условии, что все оборудование в цепи отвечает стандартам SEL V .
A-8 A PPENDIX A: S AFETY I NFORMATION.
B S CR EEN A CCE SS R IGHTS This appendix lists the security access level you must have to be able to access the A TM Module local managem ent scree n s, a nd lists the type of a ct ion tha t can be perform ed for each security level. This appen dix on ly c overs sc reens spec ific all y associate d with A TM functionality .
B- 2 A PPENDIX B: S CREEN A CCESS R I GHTS.
C AT M M ODULE T EC HNICAL S PE CIFICATIONS Envir onmenta l Sp ecificatio ns The environmental sp e cifications for the A TM Module are shown in T a ble C-1.
C- 2 A PPENDIX C: A TM M ODULE T ECHNICAL S PECIFI CATIONS Maximum a ttenuation includes attenuation and the loss induced by other components suc h as connectors, splices, and the m ating of unlike fiber types. Althoug h some 2km ( 1.25 miles) c ables have a total attenuation of less than 11dB, the 2km (1.
A TM Cab le Sp ec ifica tio n C-3 T o check tha t the bandwidth of y o ur fi ber is withi n an acceptable range: 1 Divide the amount of bandwid t h available ac cor d ing to the fi ber specificat ion by the total length of fib er (km ). 2 If the result is lo w er than 250 M H z, the link m ay be prone to bit e rr ors.
C- 4 A PPENDIX C: A TM M ODULE T ECHNICAL S PECIFI CATIONS.
D T RO U B L E S H O O T I N G How to Use this Guid e to T roubleshoot This troubl esh ooti ng secti on describes how to identify the cau se of a problem and sugge sts possibl e solutions.
D- 2 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Using LEDs T able D -1 describes the L ED s on the Switch, and T able D-2 describes the LEDs on the A TM M odule. T ab le D -1 LE D s o n the Sw it ch LED Na m e Co.
Ident ifying the Problem D-3 Iden tifyin g the Pr oblem This section describes how to identify pr oblems , and suggests poss ibl e solutions. Flow diagrams have been used to sum m arize the pr ocess, an d ea ch step shown in the flo w diag rams is d escrib ed in more det ail in the text.
D- 4 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Fig ure D -1 T roub lesho otin g Flow Diag ram.
Ident ifying the Problem D-5 The num be red st e ps in th is se ct ion r e la t e to the numbered steps shown in Figure D-1. Access the Physical Layer Stati st ics Screen a Se le ct t he SWITCH MANA G E MENT o pti on f r om the Main Menu. The S witch Man agement sc reen is displayed.
D- 6 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Check the P h ysical Conn ections Check that the Link Status and F ar End Status LEDs on the A TM M odule are ON and lit green. I f one or both of the L EDs is not lit, ther e is a problem with the physical c onnection.
Ident ifying the Problem D-7 Is the A T M Port Enabled? Is the Port State fiel d set to Enable ? Ye s — go to ste p 7. No — go to ste p 6. Enable the A TM Port a Set the Port State fi el d to Enable . b Select the OK button. Access t he A TM Port Statistics Sc r e en a Se le ct t he SWITCH MANA G E MENT o pti on f r om the Main Menu.
D- 8 A PPENDI X D: T ROUBLESHOOTING Access the A TM VLAN LEC Status Scr een a Fr om the Mai n Menu s elec t the SWI TCH MANAGEM EN T option. The Switch Management screen is d is playe d. b E n s u re th at t he Po rt optio n is se le ct e d in t h e Management Level field.
Ident ifying the Problem D-9 Both Devices Must be AAL5 Complian t The A TM Module i s c ompatible w ith AAL5 A TM devices. If the A TM Switch conne c ted to the A TM Module does not support AAL 5, you will not be able to get the two devices to c om municate.
D-10 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Is the IL MI Con ne cti on Se t Up C or r ect ly? T o comm unica te with each other , edge-devices mu st use the same Interim Local Management Interface (I LMI) connec tion. On t he A TM Module the ILMI c onne ctio n is s peci fie d in the ILMI VCC fi el d, as sh own in Fi gur e D-6 o n pag e D- 9.
Ident ifying the Problem D-11 Why has the LEC Ope ration Failed ? Ther e ar e two fi elds on the A TM VLAN LEC Status scre en, described in step 9, that can be used to troubl esh oot LEC failure pr oblems.
D-12 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING T ab le D -4 La st LEC Fai lur e Rea so n Stat e Poss ible Cau ses Poss ible Soluti o ns No ne The L EC is ei t her inact ive or ha s succe ssfully c o m p leted the o peration . None requi red. Time out A t ask coul d not be comple ted with in its allotted time frame.
Ident ifying the Problem D-13 Dupli c ated A TM Ad dr ess A s our ce A TM addr ess dupl icates a pr ev iousl y r egis ter ed A TM addr ess. The L ES has r ec eive d a r eques t from a L EC which contai ns a n A TM addr ess alr eady regi st ered to a not her LEC o n the sa me ELA N.
D-14 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Is t he LEC Ope rati onal No w? Ye s — Go to step 25. No — C ont a c t T echni c a l S uppor t. R efe r to Appendix E. Invalid Reque stor I D The LEC Identif ier (LECID) is not ze ro, or i s no t r ecogni z ed as t his LEC’ s LECID.
Ident ifying the Problem D-15 Has th e Problem b een Solved? Ye s — No f urther action is r equi r ed. No — There m ay be a configuration problem with your network , see “ELAN Config ura tion Problems”.
D-16 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING An exam ple of the A TM L EC Setup scr een is shown in Fig u re D-8 . b Sele ct the VLA N associ ated with the LEC t h at y ou wis h to m ove. c Either enter the A TM add r ess of t he LES th at the LEC is goi ng to join, o r s ele ct LE CS.
S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-17 S olvin g Know n Pr obl em s Use this section if y ou have alr ea dy pin-poi nte d the problem, and wish to l ook up poss ible solutions.
D-18 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Powe r S upply P r obl ems T ab le D -5 Power Su pply Pr oblems Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Sw i tc h d oes not powe r up ■ Insuffic ient pow.
S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-19 Pow er On Se lf T est ( POST) Failure T ab le D -6 Power On Sel f T est (PO ST) Fail ure Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Switch Fails Po w e r O n Sel f Te s t ( P O S T ) MG MT LE D is Y ell ow ■ The ver sion of s oftware on your Sw itch is not c o rrect.
D-20 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Cab le Conne cti on Pr oble ms T ab le D -7 Cable Con necti on Pr oblems Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns Li nk St at us LED indicates that th ere i s a p robl em w ith a li nk . Far End Sta tus LED indicat e s th at t he re i s a prob lem w ith t he A TM Module’ s transmi t connec tion.
S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-21 A TM Problem s T ab le D -8 AT M P r o b l e m s Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns The A TM Conn ectio n T able i s only show ing r e se rved A TM Conn.
D-22 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING VLAN or ELA N Problem s T ab le D -9 VLAN or E LAN Pr ob lem s Pr ob lem Possi ble Causes Possi ble Soluti o ns The co nfigur ed LEC s ca nno t commu nic ate wit h each oth er Possible symptom: The Las t LE C Fai lure Reason s, des crib ed in T able D -4 on pa ge D-1 2, is LE_ CONFIGURE or similar err or type .
S olvi ng K now n Pro ble ms D-23 If you have problem s that are not addressed by troubleshooting informa tion in thi s guide, conta c t T echnical Support, or your ser vice person.
D-24 A PPENDIX D: T ROUBLE SHOOTING Clean ing Dirty Fib er Optic Conn ectors T o prevent dirt and dust f rom col lecting on the fiber optic connectors , avoid touc hing all surfaces after cl eani n g the connectors , an d keep all unused ports cov ered .
E T ECHNICAL S UPPORT AND S ERVICE This append i x provides contacts for help if yo u have questions a bout the IBM 8271 Nway s Ether ne t LAN Switch products or if the I BM 8271 Nwa ys Ether net LAN Swi tc h products are not working correctly .
E- 2 A PPENDIX E: T ECHNI CAL S UPPORT AND S ERVICE.
F N OTICE S , T RADE MA RKS , AND W ARRAN T IES Refer ences i n this pu bl ication to IBM products, pro- grams, o r services do n ot i mply tha t IBM i ntends to make these avail able in al l c ountri es i n which I BM operates.
F-2 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES S tatement of Lim ited W arranty The warr anties p rov ided b y IB M in t his Sta te- ment of Limited Warranty apply o nl y to Machines y ou originally pu rc hase f or your use, and no t for resale, from I BM or your reselle r .
Stat ement of L imit ed War ran ty F-3 IBM or your r eselle r is unable to repair or replace the Machine, y ou may return it to your place of pur- chas e an d you r mon ey w ill be r ef und e d . If you tran sfer a Machine to anot her user , warranty servi ce is availa ble to that user for the remainder of the warranty period.
F-4 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES THESE WARR ANTI ES REP L AC E ALL OTHE R WA RRAN- TIES OR CONDITI ONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED , INCL UDING, BUT NOT L I MITED TO, THE I MPLIED W ARRANTI ES OR CON DITIONS OF ME RCHANT ABIL- ITY A ND FITNES S FOR A P ARTI CULAR P URPOSE.
Elec t r onic Em issi on Notices F-5 Electronic Emission Notice s Fede ra l Co mmunicati ons Commis sio n (FCC) Statem ent This eq ui pment ha s been te sted and found to com ply w ith th e lim its fo r a Cl ass A d igital device , pursuant t o part 15 of t h e FCC Rules.
F-6 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES Europe an Un ion (EU) State ment This pr oduct is in conformity with t he protec tion requir e ments of EU Counc i l Direc tive 89/336.EE C on the appr oximation o f the l aws of the Member St ates relat ing to el ectr o m agneti c compatibil ity .
Elec t r onic Em issi on Notices F-7 Ja pane se V olu ntary Contr ol C ounc il for Int e r fe r e n ce (VCCI) Statem ent Cl ass B This is a Class B pr o duct based on the s tandard of the V oluntary Con t rol Coun c il for Interfer ence from Information T echnology Equi pment ( V CCI).
F-8 A PPENDIX F: N OTICES , T RADEMARKS , AND W AR R ANTI ES If necessary , the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/te l evision technic i an fo r addi- tional suggestio ns.
G LOSSAR Y AAL A TM Adaptation Layer — A set of protoc ols that translate user higher -layer protocols into A TM cell format. The AAL i s div ided i nto the Converg ence Subl ayer ( C S) and th e Segment ation and R eassembl y (S AR) s u bl ay er . ANSI Ame rican Nation al S tandards Instit ute.
2 G LOSSARY Byt e A n Octet or 8 bits of data. Cell Ba sic A TM t ransmission unit. I t is a 53-byte packe t, consisting of a 5-byte heade r and a 4 8-byte payload. User traf f ic is segmente d into cells at the sour ce and reasse mb led at th e dest ina t io n.
G LOSSARY 3 GFC Generic Flow Control — A 4-bit fi eld in the A TM cell header in or der to su pport multiplexi ng functions. Its default value i s ‘0000’, w hen the GFC pr otocol is not enforc ed. T he GFC mechanism is i ntended to support simple flow control in A TM conne ctions.
4 G LOSSARY mult iple x In this u ser guide, multiplex ing means to take pac kets from several sources and i nte rl e ave them in to one connection. For example, packets from data, voice, and video sources can be fed down one connection. NNI Network Node Interface — Sometim e s known a s Network-to-Network Inter fac e .
G LOSSARY 5 SONET Synchronou s Optical Network — An ANSI-defined standard f or high speed and high quality digital optical transm ission. It ha s been recogniz ed as the North American standard for SDH.
6 G LOSSARY VC I V irt ual Channel Identifier — A 16-bit value in the A T M cell h eader that provid es a un ique iden tifi er fo r the vi rtual channel ( VC) that carries that particular cell .
B IBLIOGRAPH Y Asyn c hr ono us T ransf er Mode (A TM) Book s “A TM F oundation for Broadband N e tworks” Author: U y less Black . Published by : Prentice Hall ISBN: 0-13-297178-X Standards A TM F orum —- In t egrated Local M anagement Interface (ILMI) Specification (V ersion 3.
2 B IBLIOGRAPHY.
I NDE X A Addr ess r esoluti on 2-6, 2-1 3 ARP T a ble 8-8 Crea ting an entry 8 -9 Deletin g entries 8-10 Ent ry ty pe 8-9 Locati ng an entry 8-10 U p dat ing ent r ies 8- 10 Async hron ous T ransfer .
2 I NDEX E el ect ronic emmi ssi on notices F-5 Emul ated LAN (EL AN) A TM Mod ul e 4- 3 ELAN n am e 8-5, 9- 6 Manual configu ration 8-5 Mappin g to VLANs 3-2, 4- 2 Res our ce pla nnin g 4-2 Ser vice .
I NDEX 3 Por t C onfi gur at ion 8- 2 Set up 8-6 Speed 8-7 State 8-7 Stati stics 9 -3 Powe r su pply 6-3, 6 -7 PTI 2 -14 R Resili ent Links 8-11 Conf igu rati on e xample 5-4 Routi ng 2-4, D-1 5 Rul e.
4 I NDEX.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il IBM ATM OC-3c è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del IBM ATM OC-3c - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso IBM ATM OC-3c imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul IBM ATM OC-3c ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il IBM ATM OC-3c, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del IBM ATM OC-3c.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il IBM ATM OC-3c. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo IBM ATM OC-3c insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
