Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto 10002211 del fabbricante 3Com
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¨ C ORE B UILDER ™ 6000 S OFTWARE I NSTALLATION AND R ELEASE N OTES CoreBuilder Extended Switching Software Revision 8.2.3 October 17, 1997 Part No.
3Com Corporation ■ 5400 Bayfront Plaza ■ Santa Clara, Calif ornia ■ 95052-8145 Copyright © 3Com Corporation, 1997. All rights reserved. No part of this documentation may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without permission from 3Com Corporation.
C ONTENTS C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Over view 1 Hardware Dependencies 1 Upgrading Y our LMM or LMM+ 1 Extended Switching Software Requirement 2 Release Highlights for 8.
Disconnecting an Active telnet or rlogin Session 18 STP linkState Changes 20 CoreBuilder 6000 12-Slot Chassis 21 System Issues 23 Known Problems 26 SNMP MIB F iles 28 Suppor ted V ersions 28 Compiler .
Host Group B-7 HostT opN Gr oup B-8 Matrix Group B-8 3Com T ranscend RMON A gents B-8 Management Information Base (MIB) B-9 MIB Objects B-10 C VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM About VLANs C-1 T yp.
E T ECHNICAL S UPPORT Online T echnical Services E-1 W orld Wide W eb Site E-1 3Com Bulletin Board Service E-1 Access by Analog Modem E-2 Access by Digital Modem E-2 3ComF acts Automat ed F ax Ser vic.
C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Overview These installation instructions and release notes describe revision 8.2.3 of the CoreBuilder ™ 6000 Extended Switching software from 3Com Corporation, dated October 9, 1997.
2 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 If you have an LMM+ at a r evision earlier than 1.21 (for revision 1 modules) or 2.12 (for revision 2 modules), call 3Com at 1-800-876-3266 and press option 2. 3Com will replace y our LMM+ with an LMM+ at the correct revision, free of charge .
Updating Your System Software 3 ■ F ilter MIB ■ FTP packet filter program transfers via SNMP ■ Disconnecting an ac tive t elnet or rlogin session ■ STP linkState changes ■ CoreBuilder 6000 12-slot Chassis F or more information about this release , see “ What’ s New at Revision 8.
4 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Cop ying System Software to a Hard Disk Y ou can copy system software to a computer that runs either a UNIX or an MS-DOS operating system. C opying to the UNIX Platform The Cor eBuilder software for a UNIX system is distributed on six diskettes.
Updating Your System Software 5 8 Inser t diskette #4 into the disk drive and extract the fourth par t of the file using the following command: # tar xvf /dev/rfd0 9 Remove diskette #4 using the f ol.
6 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Installing on a Windows 95 or Windows NT C omputer . T o copy sof tware to an MS-DOS host computer’ s hard disk using Windows 95 or Windows NT , take these steps: 1 Inser t diskette #1 into a disk drive .
Loading System Software on the LMM+ 7 Loading 8.2.3 software into flash memory takes approximately 10 to 15 minutes to complete , depending on your network load .
8 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 After the software is loaded , this message appears: Installation complete. If the CoreBuilder ex ecutable soft war e image stored in flash memor y is corrupted (for example , when the pow er fails while you are updating software), contact 3Com T echnical Support.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.3? 9 ■ FDDI Switching Module (FSM) Guide ■ F ast Ethernet Switching Module (FESM) Guide In addition, Filt er Builder software and the Filter Builder Getting Started Guide are shipped with Cor eBuilder 6000 Ex tended Swit ching software.
10 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 ■ Group 2: Histor y — Stores periodic statistical samples of Group 1 data f or later retriev al.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.3? 11 7 Enter the advertisement address to be used on the interface. 8 Enter the number of the VLAN whose interface you are defining. Example: Select IP stack by slot {1-3,5,7,9-12} [1]: 5 Enter IP address: 158.101.1.1 Enter subnet mask [255.
12 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Enabling and Disabling STP T ransitions on linkState C hanges The menu item stpF ollowLinkState has been added. It allows you to enable or disable Spanning T ree transitions on linkStat e changes.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.3? 13 Sample display of bridge port information: stpState timeSinceLastTopologyChange disabled 0 hrs 0 mins 0 secs stpFollowLinkState topologyChangeCount enabled 0 topolog.
14 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 What ’ s New at Revision 8.2.0? This section describes the new features , software enhancements, and corrections that are implemented at this release . New F eatures The follo wing features hav e been added at this release.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.0? 15 T o verify that you have an LMM+ module and not an LMM module installed: 1 V erify that the module’ s ejec tor tab is labeled “LMM+” .
16 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Full-duplex mode eliminates both the link’ s collision domain and the need for collision detection. As a result, full-duplex point-to-point links can be much longer than half-duplex links.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.0? 17 5 Enter full to set the port to full-duplex mode or half to set the port to half-duplex mode. Default The port’ s current setting is indicated in brackets. T o select this default, press Return. This action leaves the port duplex mode unchanged.
18 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 For each slot that you enter , the system asks for specific port numbers: Select Ethernet port(s) (1-8,all): 3 Enter the number(s) of the port(s) that you want to configure: 1,2,5-7 Default T o selec t the default all , press Return.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.0? 19 telnet Implementation. When you attempt to use the telnet command t o enter a system that is being used by another t elnet connection, the system displays: Sorry, this system is engaged by another telnet session. Host IP address: xxx.
20 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 STP linkState Changes The linkState of a por t is now a factor in determining the Spanning T ree port state. This change helps prevent bridge loops when making network connections to previously inactive por ts.
What’s New at Revision 8.2.0? 21 Note these additional items: ■ The linkState up or down settings apply to Ethernet and F ast Ethernet por ts , not to FDDI por ts, and only when the stpState for the bridge is enabled. If the stpState on the Bridge menu is disabled , the State for the por t remains in forwarding state.
22 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 T o remove a faulty power supply and replace it with a new unit, follow these steps: 1 T urn off the pow er supply according to the safety and remov al procedures in the Installation Guide that is shipped with the new power supply .
System Issues 23 ■ +12V Restored The power supply +12-v olt input is restored . ■ Power Supply Over Temp One of the power supplies has ex ceeded the allowable temperature of 90 ° C (194 ° F). SNMP T raps . When you insert and extrac t either of the power supplies , the system generates SNMP traps.
24 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 ■ 3Com recommends that y ou hot-swap one module at a time (except FESMs and FSMs, as described in the previous System Issue). After you hot-swap one module, wait until the system completes full initialization before y ou install another module.
System Issues 25 ■ If you attempt to run C oreBuilder 6000 system software revision 8.2.3 on an LMM+ at revision 2.11 or earlier , the system fails to reboot when you turn it on.
26 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Known P roblems The follo wing software problems are identified at this release: ■ T o compile lpv2.
Known Problems 27 ■ Roving Analysis cannot monitor outgoing r outed packets. ■ FCS error statistics report inaccurate values on the TMM-FE’ s por t. ■ Y ou cannot modify the por t specification of an IP inter face that is defined on the LMM+ module.
28 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 ■ P er forming a manual nvdata restore restor es configurations to slots even if the configurations hav e been specified not to rest ore. When you restor e NV data, the system proposes a method of restoration based on restoration rules.
SNMP MIB Files 29 ■ lp .mib — LANplex Systems MIB, version 1.3.0 ■ lpOpFddi.mib — LANplex Optional FDDI MIB, version 1.2.1 ■ mib2.mib — MIB-II, RFC 1213 ■ rmon.mib — RMON MIB, RFC 1757 ■ srbridge.mib —Source Routing MIB RFC1525 ■ vlan.
30 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 Revision Hist or y T able 2 describes the previous releases of the CoreBuilder 6000 Extended Switching software. T able 2 Revision Hist or y for C oreBuilder 6000 Software Revision Number Description of Release 8.
Revision History 31 8.0.0 New features: ■ Support for the FDDI Switching Module (FSM) ■ Support for the EFSM TP-DDI Module ■ Support for RMON ■ RMON MIB support added ■ State field added to .
32 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3 6.0.0 New feature: ■ Support for the Token Ring Switching Module (TRSM) 5.0.0 New features: ■ Support for LMM+ management module ■ Support for IPX Routing ■ Support for AppleTalk Routing 4.
Revision History 33 3.1.7 Maintenance release MIB support removed: ■ The Ethernet MIB attributes, requestedEnabledPaths and enabledPaths , are no longer supported. ■ The LANplex SNMP MIB traps, lpBridgePortAddressLearnedEvent and lpBridgePortAddressForgottenEvent , are no longer supported.
34 C ORE B UILDER 6000 E XTENDED S WITCHING S OFTWARE R EVISION 8.2.3.
A IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Overview This appendix describes how to set up your C oreBuilder ™ 6000 system to use IP multicast routing . Before you define an y IP multicast inter faces, you should have pr eviously defined IP inter faces and routes as described in the LANplex® 6000 Extended Switching User Guide .
A-2 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Enabling and Disabling DVMRP DVMRP is the simple Distance V ec tor Multicast Routing P rotocol, similar to the IP Routing Information P rotocol. Multicast routers exchange distance vector updates that contain lists of destinations and the distance in hops to each destination.
Administering IP Multicast Interfaces A-3 When you select the IGMP option, the inter face prompts you to enable or disable IGMP snooping mode and IGMP quer y mode. Both are enabled by default. Under most conditions, IGMP snooping mode and IGMP quer y mode should remain enabled .
A-4 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Rate Limit The rate limit determines ho w fast multicast traffic can travel over the inter face in kilobytes per second . Multicast traffic may not exceed this rate limit or the CoreBuilder syst em will drop packets in order to maintain the set rate.
Administering IP Multicast Interfaces A-5 Disabling Multicast Inter faces T o disable multicast routing on an inter face: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : ip multicast interface disable 2 Enter the slot(s) of the switching module f or which you want to disable a multicast inter face.
A-6 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Example: Select IP stack by slot (2,3,7,9-12|all) [12]: Enter an IP interface index [1]: 2 Enter Interface DVMRP metric [1]: 1 Enter Interface TTL threshold [1].
Administering Multicast Tunnels A-7 Defining a Multicast T unnel T o define a multicast tunnel: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : ip multicast tunnel define 2 Enter the slot(s) of the switching module f or which you want to define a multicast tunnel.
A-8 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Removing a Multicast T unnel T o remove an IP multicast tunnel: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : ip multicast tunnel remove 2 Enter the slot(s) of the switching module f or which you want to remov e a multicast tunnel.
Displaying Routes A-9 The follo wing display shows all av ailable multicast routes: T able A-1 describes the fields in the route display . Multicast Routing Table (2598 entries) Origin-Subnet From-Gateway Metric Tmr In-If Out-Ifs 157.88.29.1/32 137.39.
A-10 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING Displa ying the Multicast Cache The multicast cache contains the IP source address and destination addr ess for packets obser ved on the system. The multicast cache shows y ou how information is rout ed over interfaces and por ts in your system.
Displaying the Multicast Cache A-11 The follo wing display shows the multicast cache configuration: Multicast Routing Cache Table (125 entries) Origin Mcast-group CTmr Age PTmr In-If Out-Ifs >202.242.133.128/26 224.2.0.1 7m 11m 6m T1P I1p 202.242.
A-12 A PPENDIX A: IP M ULTICAST R OUTING T able A-2 describes the fields in the CacheDisplay . T able A-2 Field Attribut es for the CacheDisplay Field Description Origin The source of the incoming packets. Entries preceded by an angle bracket (>) indicate a multicast subnetwork.
B R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY This appendix provides an overview of RMON and describes the specific CoreBuilder ™ RMON implementation. What Is RMON? The Remote Monit oring (RMON) Management Information Base (MIB) provides a wa y to monitor and analyze a local area network LAN fr om a remote location.
B-2 A PPENDIX B: R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY Benefits of RMON T raditional netw ork management applications poll network devices such as switches, bridges, and routers at regular int er vals from a netw ork management console. The console gathers statistics, identifies trends, and can highlight network events .
RMON Groups B-3 RMON Groups The Cor eBuilder system suppor ts seven of the RMON groups defined b y the Internet Engineering T ask F orce (IETF). T able B-1 lists these supported groups. RMON/FDDI Groups The Cor eBuilder system suppor ts the RMON/FDDI extensions specified in the AX ON Enterprise-specific MIB.
B-4 A PPENDIX B: R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY Statistics and axFDDI Groups The Statistics group recor ds frame statistics for Ethernet and FDDI interfaces.
RMON Groups B-5 History and axFDDI Groups The History group r ecords periodic statistical samples fr om the network and stores them for r etrieval at another time.
B-6 A PPENDIX B: R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY When you disable a port, the application might not update some of the statistics counters associated with it. An alarm calculates the differ ence in counter values over a set time int er val and remembers the high and low v alues.
RMON Groups B-7 Y ou can associate an alarm with the high threshold, the low threshold , or both. The actions taken because of an alarm depend on the network management application. RMON Hysteresis Mechanism The RMON hysteresis mechanism pr ovides a way to prevent small fluctuations in counter values from causing alarms.
B-8 A PPENDIX B: R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY HostT opN Group The HostT opN group pr epares r eports describing hosts that top a list order ed by one of their statistics.
Management Information Base (MIB) B-9 The Cor eBuilder system associates statistics with individual por ts and then takes action based on these statistics. For example , the system can generate a log event and send an RMON trap if errors on a port exceed a user-set threshold .
B-10 A PPENDIX B: R EMOTE M ONITORING (RMON) T ECHNOLOGY MIB Objects The data in the MIB consists of objects that represent featur es of the equipment that an agent can control and manage. Examples of objects in the MIB include a port that you can enable or disable and a counter that you can read.
C VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM This appendix contains: ■ A description of Vir tual LAN ( VLAN) concepts and their operational aspects in the CoreBuilder ™ 6000 system ■ Examples of VLAN configurations About VLANs The VLAN concept in LAN technology helps minimize broadcast and multicast traffic.
C-2 A PPENDIX C: VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM P or t Group VLANs Port group VLANs gr oup together one or more switch ports. This simple implementation of VLANs requir es little configuration. All frames received on a port ar e grouped together .
About VLANs C-3 Protoc ol-Sensitive VLANS When the CoreBuilder system r eceives data that has a broadcast, multicast, or unknown destination address, it forwar ds the data to all ports.
C-4 A PPENDIX C: VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM Lay er 3 Addressing Inf ormation For IP VLANs only , the CoreBuilder system optionally supports configuring of individual IP VLANs with network layer subnet addresses.
About VLANs C-5 Modifying the Default VLAN New switch ports can dynamically appear in the CoreBuilder system if you insert a new switching module (FESM, FSM).
C-6 A PPENDIX C: VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM This example shows how flooding decisions ar e made according to VLANs set up by protocol (assuming an 18-port switch): VLAN Ex ception Flooding .
About VLANs C-7 Overlapped IP VLANs The CoreBuilder system also gives you the ability to assign network layer information to IP VLANs. This capability allows network administrators to manage their VLANs by subnetwork.
C-8 A PPENDIX C: VLAN S ON THE C ORE B UILDER S YSTEM Routing Between VLANs The only way for stations that are in two dif ferent VLANs to communicate is to route between them. The Cor eBuilder system supports internal routing among IP , IPX, and AppleT alk VLANs.
D A DMINISTERING VLAN S This appendix describes how to display information about VLANs and how to configure VLANs. Through the A dministration Console, you can: ■ Display summary or detailed inform.
D-2 A PPENDIX D: A DMINISTERING VLAN S Example of a summary display for several VLANs: Select menu option (bridge/vlan): summary Select bridge(s) by slot (2-3,5,7,12|all): 2 Index Protocol Identifier .
Displaying VLAN Information D-3 T able D-1 describes these statistics. T able D-1 Field Attribut es for VLAN Information Field Description Index A system-assigned index used for identifying a particul.
D-4 A PPENDIX D: A DMINISTERING VLAN S Defining VLAN Information f or a T raditional Bridge F ollow these steps to creat e a VLAN definition for a traditional bridge, such as an EFSM or a TMM: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : bridge vlan define 2 Enter the slot number for the bridge .
Defining VLAN Information for an HSI Switch Engine D-5 9 Enter the subnetwork mask. Example: menu option (bridge/vlan): define Select bridge(s) by slot (2-3,5,7,9-12) [2]: 5 Enter Protocol Suite (IP,IPX,Apple,XNS,DECnet,SNA, Vines,X.
D-6 A PPENDIX D: A DMINISTERING VLAN S If you did not choose the IP protocol suite f or this VLAN, you have completed the steps f or defining the VLAN. 7 If you have selected the IP prot ocol suite and want to use the Layer 3 address information, enter defined for layer 3 addressing .
Modifying VLAN Information D-7 Modifying VLAN Information T o modify VLAN inf ormation for a traditional bridge: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : bridge vlan modify Y ou are prompted to r eenter the information that defines the VLAN.
D-8 A PPENDIX D: A DMINISTERING VLAN S Removing VLAN Information F ollow these steps to remo ve a VLAN definition: 1 F rom the top level of the Administration C onsole, enter : bridge vlan remove 2 Enter the slot number for the bridge . 3 Enter the indexes f or the VLANs you want to remov e.
E T ECHNICAL S UPPORT 3Com provides easy access to technical support information thr ough a variety of services. This appendix describes these services. Information contained in this appendix is correct at time of publication. For the very latest, we recommend that you access 3Com Corporation’ s World Wide Web site.
E-2 A PPENDIX E: T ECHNICAL S UPPORT Access by Analog Modem T o reach the service by modem, set your modem to 8 data bits, no parity , and 1 stop bit. Call the telephone number nearest you: Access by Digital Modem ISDN users can dial in to 3ComBBS using a digital modem for fast access up to 56 Kbps.
Support from Your Network Supplier E-3 Local access numbers are available within the following countries: 3ComForum on CompuServe Online Service 3ComForum contains patches, software, drivers, and technical articles about all 3Com products, as well as a messaging section for peer support.
E-4 A PPENDIX E: T ECHNICAL S UPPORT Support fr om 3Com If you are unable to r eceive support from your network supplier , technical support contracts are available fr om 3Com. Contact your local 3Com sales office to find your authorized service provider using one of these numbers: Regional Sales Office Telephone Number 3Com Corporation P.
Returning Products for Repair E-5 Returning Products for Repair Before you send a pr oduct directly to 3Com for r epair , you must first obtain a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number . Products sent to 3Com without RMA numbers will be returned to the sender unopened, at the sender’ s expense.
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3Com Corporation L IMITED W ARRANTY The duration of the warranty for the CoreBuilder ™ 6000 Extended Switching Software, 3C96270B2, is ninety (90) days.
L IMITATION OF L IABILITY TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, 3COM ALSO EXCLUDES FOR ITSELF AND ITS SUPPLIERS ANY LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), FOR INCIDENTAL, CO.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il 3Com 10002211 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del 3Com 10002211 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso 3Com 10002211 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul 3Com 10002211 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il 3Com 10002211, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del 3Com 10002211.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il 3Com 10002211. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo 3Com 10002211 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
