Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto Px Series del fabbricante Extreme Networks
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Ex trem e Ne t wor ks, I nc. 3585 M onroe St reet Santa Cla ra, Cal if ornia 95 051 (888) 2 57-3000 http:/ /www .e xtremenet works.com Px Ser ies Application Switc h Installa tion and Configur ation Guid e Published: A pril 200 2 Par t number: 1 00101-00 Re v .
II ©20 02 E xtrem e Ne tw orks , In c. A ll ri ghts rese rve d. E xt re me Net wor ks a nd Black Di amo nd are regi s ter ed tra d em arks of Extreme Networks , Inc.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide iii Contents Pre face Introduction 1-vii Conventions 1-viii Related Publications 1-ix 1 Serve r Lo ad Balan cing C oncep ts Pur.
iv Px Seri es Applicati on Switch Ins tallation a nd Configurati on Guide Free- Standing 2-5 Pow ering On the Su mmit Px1 2-5 Setting Up Console Communication 2-6 Configu r ing Swit ch IP Para meters .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide v Conf igurin g a Star tup Banne r Messa ge 4-17 Star t ing th e GlobalPx Content Dir ecto r Agent 4-17 Example Configu ration .
vi Px Seri es Applicati on Switch Ins tallation a nd Configurati on Guide Conf iguratio n Ex ampl e 7-9 8 Co nfigur ing Re dund ancy Using VRRP with the SummitPx1 8-1 Adding a n d Con f i guring V RRP.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide vii Pref ace This pr eface provides an overview of this guide, desc ribes guide conventions, an d lists other p ublicatio ns that m ay be us eful.
viii Px Series App lication S witch Instal l ation a nd Configur ation Guid e Preface Con v entions T a ble 1 and T able 2 list c onven tions tha t are used th r o ugh out this guide. Ta b l e 1 : Notic e Ic o ns Ico n Notice Ty pe Alerts you to... Note Import ant feat ures or instruc tions .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide ix Related P ublications Re lat ed Pu b l icat i ons Th e p ublicat ions relat ed to this one a re : • ExtremeWare Soft ware .
x Px Seri es Applicati on Switch Ins tallation a nd Configurati on Guide Preface.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 1-1 1 Ser v er Load Ba lancin g Concept s The Px seri es application sw itch marks the next s tep in server load ba lancing.
1-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide The Px seri es applica t ion sw itch can examine actual user req ues t s, rather t h a n s imply forwar ding the r equests to the ser vers.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 1-3 Load Bal ancing Modes In this document, the Inter net users are r eferred to as cli ents , because th ey are c lients of the appl ic at ion swit ch.
1-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 1-2: Single clien t -ser ver tr a nsacti o n using la yer 4 As soo n as th e first request f r om the client is r e.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 1-5 Load Bal ancing Modes ch osen to proc ess t he r equest, using a sour c e IP addre ss that is p art o f a prox y pool inside t he app licatio n switc h.
1-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide P o r t Re wr ite When a r equ est is s ent by a cl ient to a VIP servic e, th e request conta i ns the well-kn own port number for the r equested a p plic ation. For example, the well-known port number fo r HTTP i s po rt 80.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 1-7 Getti ng Star ted on Loa d Balancin g Configuratio n a Configu r e t he real ser vers that w ill be load ba lanced . b Creat e groups of servers, and put the r eal servers into them.
1-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 2-1 2 Installing the Summ itPx1 Application Swit ch Th is chapter describ es how t o install t he Sum mitP x1 configu r ation of the Px series applicat ion swit ch.
2-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide T able 2-1 describes the LED behavior on the SummitPx1. The front p a nel of the Summit Px1 has f our ports : • G iga bi .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 2-3 Overview of the S umm itPx1 Applicati on S witch For mor e information on connecting an d configuring these ports, s ee “Setting Up Con sole C ommunica tion” on p age 2-6.
2-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Det er mining th e Loca tion The SummitPx1 is suited for us e in the o ffice, where i t can be fre e-s tandin g or mounted in a st andar d 19-inch equipment rack . Alternative l y , th e device can be rack-mounted i n a wirin g closet or equipment r oom.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 2-5 P owering On th e Summi tPx1 Figu re 2-3: Fitting the mounting brack et 5 Repeat steps 2-4 fo r the other side of the devic e. 6 Inser t t he applic ation s witch int o the 19-inc h rack.
2-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide If the applicat ion switch pa sses the POST , the MGMT LED blinks at a slow rat e (1 b link per seco nd). If t he applicat ion swit ch fail s the POST , the M GMT LED shows a solid yellow light.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 2-7 Setting Up Consol e Communicatio n cable with whic h to connect most PCs to this port. The console po r t setti ngs are as follows: Each inte rface has a un ique IP ad dr ess.
2-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Wri ting data to Fl ash Done 4 Whe n you are fin ished using t he facili ty , log o ut of the a pplicatio n sw itch. Y ou can now acces s the Gigabit Et hernet port dir ectly via T elnet.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 3-1 3 Installing the PxM App lication Switch Mo dule Th e P xM conf iguration o f the Px series a pplica tion sw itch is a Bla ckDiam o n d module.
3-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Caution : Y ou c an install I / O modules only in slots 1 through 16 in the BlackDiamon d 6816 or slots 1 through 8 in the BlackDiamond 680 8. I/O modul es do not fit in s lots A, B, C, or D .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 3-3 Removin g I/O Modules 3 Simul taneou sly r otate th e ejector /inje ctor h andle s outw ard to disen gage th e module fr om the backplan e. 4 Sli de th e module out o f the chas sis.
3-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-1 4 Managing the Swit ch Th is chapter cove rs the follo wing t opics : • Using the Command-Line Interface page 4-2 • Con.
4-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Us ing the C ommand -Line Int erf ace T o use t he c ommand-line interfa ce: 1 Enter the co mmand name. Y ou can use abbr eviated syntax; see below . 2 If the command includ es a parameter , enter the parameter name and va lue.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-3 Using the Command -Line Inter f ac e Lin e-Edit ing K eys T ab le 4 - 2 d escribes t he line-ed iting keys available w hen using t he comm and-line interfa ce.
4-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide valu e. Y ou must use quotes if the text val ue includes any non-a lphanumeric characters, su ch a s sp ac es, da she s, o r d ots . Command His tory The Px series appli cation switch keeps a history of the last 49 commands you enter ed.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-5 Co nfi g uring Man agement Acc ess • Admi nistrato r An adm inistra tor-level acco unt can v iew and change all s witch param eters. It can als o add and d elet e users, a nd change the pas sword a ssociate d with any ac count name .
4-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Cr eatin g A ccou nts The appli cation swit ch can hav e a total of 16 management accounts. Y ou c an use the default accounts ( admi n and user ), or yo u ca n create ad di tion al ac co unt s wi th n ew names and passwo rds.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-7 Managin g the Px M Mana ging th e PxM Y ou can m anage th e PxM in any o f the foll owing ways: • Using the co nne ct command in the B lackDiamond. • Using the serial por t (useful for debugging).
4-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide S o me co mm a n d s d o n ot w or k at a ll i f t h e P xM i s n ot bo ot e d a nd r e a dy . It c an ta k e m or e tha n t wo minu te s to bo ot. T o ver ify fr om the MSM that a PxM is boo ted, use t he co mma nd s how pxm .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-9 Co nfi guri ng S NM P T o assign a VLAN tag to a ser v ic e, us e the foll owing c ommand: conf ig serv ice vip <ip addr.
4-10 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Configur ing DNS Client Ser v ices Th e D omain N ame Service ( DNS ) clie nt in Ext r e meW are aug ments th e follow ing.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-11 Usin g Secure S hell 2 (SSH2) In addition, the ns look up u t i l it y c a n b e u s e d t o r e t u r n t h e I P a d d r e s s o f a h o s t n a m e . T able 4-5 lists c ommands used to confi gure the DNS clie nt.
4-12 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide The Extr emeW are SS H2 switch applic ation als o works wit h S SH2 client and s erver (vers ion 2.x or later) fr om SSH Communic ation Sec urity , and the fr ee SSH2 and SCP2 implementation (v er s ion 2.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-13 Usin g Secure S hell 2 (SSH2) Y ou ar e prompted to ent er information to be used in generating the key . The key generation pro c ess takes approximately ten minutes. Once the key has been genera ted, you should save your configuration to preser ve the key .
4-14 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide For example, to c opy an image file saved as image1 .xt r to swi tch with IP addr ess 10.10 .0.5 as the prima ry image using SCP2, you would en ter the fol lowing c om mand wit hin your SSH 2 session : scp i ma ge1.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-15 Ut ilit ies Uti lities Th e P x series a pplic ation swi tch offers utilities f or the f ollowin g opera tions: • Che c .
4-16 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Logg ing Th e P x series a pplicatio n swi tch sup ports two loggin g facilitie s, a local lo g and the UNIX sy slo g f acilit y for r e mot e logg ing. The app licati on switch l og tracks all configur ation and fault inform ation per tainin g to the de vice.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-17 Ut ilit ies Con figu ring a Sta r tup Ban ne r Me ssag e T o c o nfigure a banner message to display after r eboot, use the following command: conf ig bann er At the pr o mpt, t ype the banner message.
4-18 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide T o start and stop the Global Px Content Direc tor agent on the Px seri es application switch , use th e f ollo wing co mm.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 4-19 Exampl e Configuratio n Th e follo wing c omma nds co nfigure all sy stem - relat e d f acilities : #--- -- ----- -- ---- .
4-20 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 5-1 5 Configur ing Ser v ers and Ser vices Th is chapter describ es how to co nfigure the rea l serve rs that will be load b alance d, how to c reat e gro u ps of servers and put the r eal server s into them, an d how to cr eate a layer 4 or laye r 7 virtua l service.
5-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide answer r eq ues ts. Servers c an share an IP ad dress, but the port must be unique for each ser v er . • Max -conne cti ons re pr esen ts the ma xi mum numbe r of co n c urr ent co nnecti ons th is server c an handl e.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 5-3 Conf iguring Vir tu al S er vices a system in anot her geographical loc ation).
5-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Y ou can a ssign a specific VL AN tag t o a vir tual servic e. VLAN t ags for services ar e opt ional for the Su mmit Px1, but r equir ed on th e PxM.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 5-5 Conf iguring Vir tu al S er vices conf ig patt ern -rul e “ <str in g>” s er ver-g ro up-n am e <na me > Pattern rul es specify t he URL that is being matched and the ser ver group that sho uld be used to f or w ard traf fic for that URL match.
5-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide . Con figur ation Exam ple The example build s upon the example fro m Chapter 4 and includes confi gur ati o ns for the simp le layer 4 web se rver in f ra structure for y ourdo ma in.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 5-7 Configurat ion Example #--- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- ---- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- - # se rver s #--- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- ---- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- - conf ig serv er index 1 ip 64 .
5-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-1 6 Choosing P olicies, P ersistence Modes, and NA T Th is chapter de scribe s how to specif y schedu ling poli ces for la yer 4 loa d balanc ing, se ssion per sist ence, and netw ork addr ess tr anslatio n s .
6-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Th e P x series a pplicatio n swi tch sup ports the followin g s c heduling po licies : P e rsi ste nc e Mo de s Per sistenc e , also c alle d stick iness , is the mai nten anc e of a sessi on betwee n a cl ien t and a part icular w e b server .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-3 P ersisten ce Modes accesses t he websit e, it opens a s ession with one of the web serv ers.
6-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 6-1: Client IP persistence mode Th e follo wing t ransactio ns occu r in Figu re 6-1: • The clien t with IP ad d r ess 145. 12. 1 . 1 t ransmi ts its fi rst TCP r equest to www.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-5 P ersisten ce Modes Configur ing Client IP Stic kiness T o enable and disable client IP persist ence (stickiness ), use the.
6-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 6-2: Self-identifying c ookie pe r sist ence mod e Th e follo wing t ransactio ns occu r in Figu re 6-2: • The website a dminist rator of www .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-7 P ersisten ce Modes • Using its configured load ba lancing po licy , the Px series ap plicati on switch s elects one of the web s ervers.
6-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide # Add it iona l i nform at ion m ay be us ef ul du ri ng de bu gging prin t s tart _ht ml(' Co okie Te ster '); i.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-9 P ersisten ce Modes Figu re 6-3: Hashed cookie persisten c e mode Figure 6-3 shows a typ ical fina ncial webs it e nam ed ww w .myba nk.com. Th is webs it e has thr ee real s ervers, each connect ed to a s in gle bac ken d databas e s yst em.
6-10 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide • Th e clie nt tran smits its first TC P r eques t (A) to www . myb ank.co m at its publicly -known VIP ad d res s, 64.1.1 .7. • The P x ser i e s applic ation switc h res ponds (B) on beha lf of 64.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-11 P ersisten ce Modes Un like se lf- id enti fying co okie persi stence and hash ed cooki e persi stence , lear ned cook ie persist ence does not req uire the webs ite administrat o r to make any changes to the website.
6-12 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide • A three- w ay TCP handshake is established between the Px series appli cation switch and ser v er 3.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-13 P ersisten ce Modes is bei ng done, a defau lt domain a nd patt ern rule are still nee ded.
6-14 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide NA T Mode s Network ad d r ess t rans lation (NA T) is one of t he cor nerston es o f ser ver l oad balan cing .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-15 NA T M odes Configur ing Full-NA T Mode and Pr o xy IP Addre sses Full-N A T mode is the d e fau lt beha vior o f the applic ation sw itch.
6-16 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide that of t he real server , and that the T CP source port f o r the request i s the same as the port of the net w ork service t hat is being l oad balanced. If a request meets these criteria, it should be sent to the a pplica tion sw itch as its next h op.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-17 Configurat ion Example Wh en yo u conf igu r e h alf -N A T mode , yo u can a ls o co nfig ur e gateway mode for the applicat ion swit ch.
6-18 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Th e co mmand s to configure t his net work ar e as follow s: #--- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- --- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- -.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 6-19 Configurat ion Example conf ig patt ern -rul e “ defa ul t” se rv er-gr ou p-na me your do main coo kie- na me “ses si on-id ” c ooki e- type le arn conf ig serv ice vip 64.
6-20 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-1 7 URL Switching Th is chapter descr ibes ho w the Px series applicat ion swit ch p erforms l evel 7 lo ad balancin g, directing c lient requests to ser ver groups by a cting a s a proxy and lo oking inside e ach reque st, usin g doma in or U RL switch ing.
7-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 7-1: T ypical switching scen ario Doma in Swit ching Domain switching uses the req uested domain name to select the appr o priate serve r gro up. For example, in Fi gure 7-2, t here ar e thr ee s erver gr oups: • www.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-3 Domain and URL Switching Figu re 7-2: Domain s wi tching e xam ple The Px series appl ica tion swit ch uses a si ngle VIP , locat ed at 192.1. 1. 1 :80, t o ser vice all thr ee d omains.
7-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide conf ig domain na me buy stuf f. com conf ig patt ern -rul e d efau lt serv er -grou p- name bu ystu ff conf ig domain na me www .buy st uff. co m conf ig patt ern -rul e d efau lt serv er -grou p- name bu ystu ff conf ig domain na me spe akyo ur mind .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-5 Co nfig urin g U RL S witc hing Figu re 7-3: Sim ple U RL switch ing examp le By direc t ing eac h o f these unique types o.
7-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 7-4: More Com plicated URL s witchin g e x ample In Figu r e 7-4, buyst uff. co m de cides to sta rt selling ele ctronic b ooks online a nd th ey need to stor e an entire publi sher ’s catalog on the site.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-7 Co nfig urin g U RL S witc hing Figu re 7-5: Hierarchical approach to pattern rules In Figur e 7-5, th e pattern rules d irect user requests as follo w s: • www. bu ystuf f.
7-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide conf ig domain na me www .ebo ok s.co m conf ig patt ern -rul e “ auth or sa” s er ver-g ro up-n am e aut ho rsa conf i.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-9 Configurat ion Example Th e wildc ard (*) i n the s econd lin e refe rs any r eq uest w ith an unspe cified d omain name (any req uest in which the do main name is not present in the HTTP header) to t he de fa ult serv er grou p sg 2 .
7-10 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide The commands to c onfigur e this example ar e as follows: #--- -- ----- -- ---- -- ---- --- ---- -- ---- -- ----- -- ---- .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 7-11 Configurat ion Example conf ig serv er- grou p n ame i ma ges p ol icy r r conf ig serv er- grou p n ame i ma ges a dd -se.
7-12 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide conf ig snmp sy sName “b alan ce r” conf ig snmp sy sLoca ti on “E xo dus C ol o” conf ig snmp sy sCont ac t “We b A dmin ” conf ig add t ra p rec eiv er 10 .1 0.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 8-1 8 Configur ing Redundancy Th is chapter describ es ho w to configu re redun dancy f or the Px s eries ap plicatio n switch. For the SummitPx1, you use the industry s tandard VRRP .
8-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide The only di ffer ence between a traditional VRRP impleme n tation and t he Px series applic ation switc h implementation is.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 8-3 Using VRRP w ith the Su mmitPx1 conf ig vrrp ad d vri d < numbe r> conf ig vrrp vr id <n umb er> prio rity 100 .
8-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Figu re 8-1: Application swit ch using multiple VLANs. For mo r e infor mation o n config uring ESRP , see the E xtremeWare Sof t w ar e User Gui de .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 8-5 Using VRRP w ith the Su mmitPx1 on the backup. Aft er all the c o mmands have been r eplaced, the configuration i s saved and the bo x r ebooted.
8-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Con figuring Redu ndancy f or the Px M Y ou must use the t he Extr eme Standby Router P r otocol (ESRP) to configure red undancy for the PxM. See “Using ESRP with the PxM” below .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 8-7 Configur ing Red undancy for the P xM Because t h e ESRP priority of A is n ow lower t h an that of B , A becomes the s lave, and B bec omes the ma st er .
8-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide # con fi gure ES RP, w ith addi ti onal VL ANs u nd er ma st er VL AN conf ig esrp po rt-mo de host po rts 1 conf ig esrp p.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 9-1 9 Health Ch ec ks This chapter de scribes he alt h checks yo u can use to ensu re t h at a g iven appli cation i s runn i ng o n a real s erv er b efo re sen din g u ser req uest s to tha t serv er .
9-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Server St a rtup P acing In or d er not to ov er load a server that h a s jus t come up , server s t artu p p acing restr icts t he number of connections that the server can pr ocess.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 9-3 He alth Checking Procedure Hea lth Ch ec king Proce dure Y ou configur e health checks for each server gr oup. All the members of a given server gro up have the same health check performed on them.
9-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Con figuring H ealth C hec ks Before he alth chec ks can be config ur ed , make s ur e tha t the serv er group tha t they will apply to has been cr eated. See Chapter 5 for information on c onfiguring server gr oups .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 9-5 Configur ing Health C hecks conf ig heal th- chec k f ail- af ter < nu mber> conf ig heal th- chec k r esto re -aft er <numb er > Y ou can also configure loc al timeout values for a ser ver group, which take precedence over the global set t ings.
9-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 10-1 10 Monitor in g the Switch This c hapt er de scribes t ools that ar e availa bl e f or mon itor ing the heal th of the sys tem and the traffic that is passing t hrough it.
10-2 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide show po rt mg mt [con fig | de tai ls] Disp lays packet -level co unters for th e int erfaces, along wi th the c ur rent status of eac h .
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 10-3 Showin g Confi guratio n Detai ls Show ing Co n fig urat i on D et ail s T ab le 10-2 list s the com mands that are us ed to displ a y c onfigur ation in format ion.
10-4 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide Co nfigura tion D i spl a ys The followi ng exam ple illust rate s th e output f rom t he show co nfig urat ion comma nd :.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 10-5 Showin g Confi guratio n Detai ls Stat us Di sp la ys Th e sh ow he alth and show se rver de tails comman ds d isplay simi lar (but not iden tical) inf ormatio n.
10-6 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide The following tables d escribe th e columns and their values. T ab le 10-3: show heal th Inf or m ati on Column Descr iption inde x The index number of t he server o r se r vice.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide 10-7 Managing and T ro ub l eshooting O peration Mana ging an d T rou bles hootin g Operati on T able 10-5 li sts the commands that are used t o displ ay man agement an d t roubles h ooti ng inform ation.
10-8 Px Ser ies App l icati on Switch Inst allation a nd Configurati on Guide show lo g <le ve l> Displ ays the cont ents of the switc h log. L evel values are: ■ a ( erro rs): dis pl a ys erro r messages ■ b (fat al): displ ays fatal messa ges ■ c (in f o) : dis pl a ys informat ional messag es.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide i Inde x A a ccount s adm in i str a tor 4 - 5 crea tin g 4 -6 default p asswor d 4- 5 del eting 4-6 use r 4- 4 viewing 4-6 adm.
ii - Index Px Seri es Applicati on Switch Ins tallation a nd Configurati on Guide fron t v iew 2- 1 full-NA T mo de 6-14 G gate w ay mo de 6-16 , 6- 1 7 gate w ay , def ault 8-8 Gig abit Eth ern et po.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide In dex - iii AUX 2-2 co ns ole 2 - 2 Gig abit Eth ern et 2- 2 management port 2-2 pos iti onin g 2- 4 pow er s ock et 2- 3 pow .
iv - Index Px Seri es Applicati on Switch Ins tallation a nd Configurati on Guide.
Px Ser ies Appli c ation S witch Instal lation and Co nfiguration G uide I Inde x of Comma nds B bui ld 4-8, 8-2, 8-3 C cle ar lo g 4- 16 co nfi g a cco un t 4- 6 co nfi g b a nne r 4- 17 confi g defa.
ii - Index of Command s Px Seri es Applicatio n Switch Ins tallation an d Configurati on Guide config syslo g ip address 4 - 16 config syst em-ip 4-8 config vrrp add b ackup vrid 8-3 conf ig vrrp add .
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Extreme Networks Px Series è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Extreme Networks Px Series - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Extreme Networks Px Series imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Extreme Networks Px Series ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Extreme Networks Px Series, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Extreme Networks Px Series.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Extreme Networks Px Series. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Extreme Networks Px Series insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
