Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto XAPP169 del fabbricante Xilinx
Vai alla pagina of 27
XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 www .x ilinx.com 1 1-800- 255-7778 Summary This applic ation note illustr ates the use of Xi linx Sp artan-II F PGA and an IDT RC32364 RISC control ler in a ha ndheld, cons umer ele ctronics p latform. S pecific ally the target appl ication is an MP3 audi o player wi th advanc ed user in terface f eatures.
2 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R MP3 T e chnology MP3 refe rs to the MP EG Lay er 3 audio c ompressi on schem e that was d efined as part of th e Internati onal Stan dards O rganizati on (ISO ) Movi ng Pict ure Exp erts Gro up (MPE G) audio/ video coding sta ndard.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 3 1-800-255-7 778 R IDT RC32364 RISCont roller™ The proces sor chos en for this design is the IDT RC323 64. The fea tures of this d evice tha t are leve raged in this applic ation are: • Paged mem ory man agemen t unit.
4 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R The vari able page size le ts eac h mapping indep endently represent memory regions tha t can range from 4 KB t o 16 MB. Thi s featur e lets the system designer ad just the address mapping granula rity for di fferent memory regions .
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 5 1-800-255-7 778 R The RC323 64 inter faces to the sys tem throu gh a 32-b it multi plexe d address/ data bu s. The b us offers a rich set of si gnals to c ontrol transfers of which o nly a su bset was require d for this applica tion.
6 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R Crystal CS4343 Stereo DAC The Digital -to-Analo g Conver ter chosen for this des ign is the Crystal CS 4343 from Cirrus Logic. T his devic e featur es: • 1.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 7 1-800-255-7 778 R The serial port can be conf igured for seve ral operatin g modes . The mode of ope ration ch osen for this applicat ion is re ferred to in the CS4 343 docum entation a s "Serial Audio For mat 2".
8 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R Samsung FLASH Memory The FLASH me mory cho sen for this des ign is the KM 29U6400 0T 8M x 8 devi ce from Sam sung Semicon ductor .
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 9 1-800-255-7 778 R Micron SDRAM Memory The S DRAM memo ry chose n for this design is the MT 48LC1M16 A1S - 51 2K x 16 x 2 bank device fr om Micron S emicond uctor .
10 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R 11 11 11 RAS# REFRESH CONTROLLER 2,048 REFRESH COUNTER CAS# 256 256 (x16) 8 COLUMN-.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 11 1-800-255-7 778 R National Semiconductor USBN9602 USB Function Controller The USB interfac e in the d esign is based o n a Nati onal Semi conduct or USBN96 02 con troller .
12 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R System Implementation This secti on descr ibes how all of the se piece s are i ntegrated into a com plete system. First describe d is the s oftware arc hitecture a nd the f unctionalit y of the key mod ules.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 13 1-800-255-7 778 R The RTOS provides process schedul ing and m emory al loca tion funct ions. The RTOS could be any of th e commer cially a vailabl e packages .
14 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R The refer ence cod e that was develope d for the stan dard is av ailable from the Fr aunhofer Institute at the foll owing URL: http://www .
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 15 1-800-255-7 778 R While m ost of the b locks are fairly independ ent, the F LASH, SDRA M, and Comp actFla sh interfac es share c ommo n address a nd data busses.
16 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R CPU Interface The CPU Interfac e block per forms three function s: protoc ol conversi on, CPU initia lizatio n and address de-mul tiplexi ng.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 17 1-800-255-7 778 R There is no dire ct softwar e suppor t requi red for thi s block, b ut the US B inter face itsel f requir es consid erable s oftware fo r operation .
18 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R The LCD Co ntroller is an IP bus master and f etches da ta for sc reen refres h indepen dently of CPU activ ities. Th e displa y data that is fe tched is loaded in to a FIF O using a block tr ansfer across th e IP bus.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 19 1-800-255-7 778 R The onl y softwar e suppo rt requ ired for th is bloc k is t he screen BIOS wh ich con sists of fu nctio ns to generate screen imag es by manip ulating the fr ame buffer memor y .
20 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R SDRAM Contro ller The SDRA M controll er desi gn ( Figure 19 ) is based o n the de sign dev eloped by X ilinx in applica tion no te XAPP 134: Virtex Synthe sizabl e High Perf ormance S DRAM Control ler .
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 21 1-800-255-7 778 R When the a rchitec ture for th is sys tem was be ing plann ed, one is sue that n eeded to be address ed was wh ether to exec ute the pr ogram imag e directly from FLA SH or to copy it to SDRAM.
22 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R Software support required fo r this bloc k consis ts of the FL ASH BIO S which impl ements l ow leve l primit ives for p rogramm ing, e rasing, and chec king va lidity o f memor y blocks .
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 23 1-800-255-7 778 R Audio DAC Interface The inte rface for t he CS4343 con sists of two separat e function al block s, one fo r each of the serial in terfaces that are required t o suppor t this devic e.
24 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R Like the IRDA con troller , an interrupt is gener ated eve ry tim e the FIF Os tran sfer the ir last wo rd into th e shift regi sters.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 25 1-800-255-7 778 R Spartan Device Selec tion Spartan dev ices a re availab le in a r ange of d ensities and pac kages. The followin g criter ia were used to s elect the device us ed in this applicati on: • I/O Pins.
26 www.xi linx .co m XAPP169 (v1.0 ) November 24, 1999 1-800-255-7 778 MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform R References RC32 364 RISCon troller , Hardware User’s Manu al , April 1999 , Integ rated Dev ice T echno logy Xilinx Sp artan-II FPGA Data She et , Ja nuary 2000 , Xilin x IRMS6100 1.
MP3 NG: A Next Generation Consumer Platform XAPP169 (v1 .0) November 24 , 1999 w ww .x ilin x.c om 27 1-800-255-7 778 R Revision History © 1999 Xil inx, Inc. All rights reserved. All Xili nx tradema rks, registe red tradema rks, patents , and disclaim - ers ar e as liste d at http://www .
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Xilinx XAPP169 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Xilinx XAPP169 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Xilinx XAPP169 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Xilinx XAPP169 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Xilinx XAPP169, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Xilinx XAPP169.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Xilinx XAPP169. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Xilinx XAPP169 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.