Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto TI-83 del fabbricante Texas Instruments
Vai alla pagina of 827
07/23/03 © 2001 - 200 3 T e x as I n s t r u m en t s TI TI - 83 Plus / TI-83 Plus Silver Edition Graphing Calculator Guidebook On/Off Graphing a func t ion Menus Modes Using parentheses Lists Tables.
TI-83 Plu s Important Texas Instruments makes no warranty, either express or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, regarding any programs or book materials and makes such materials available solely on an “as-is” basis.
TI-83 Plu s US FCC Information Concerning Radio Frequency Interference This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 1 Chapter 1: Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition Documentation Conventions In the body of this guidebook, TI-83 Plus (in silver) refers to the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition . Sometimes, as in Chapter 19, the full name TI-83 Plus Silver Edition is used to distinguish it from the TI-83 Plus.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 2 TI-83 Plus Keyboard Generally, the keyboard is divided into these zones: graphing keys, editing keys, advanced function keys, and scientific calculator keys. Keyboard Zones Graphing — Graphing keys access the interactive graphing features.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 3 TI-83 Plus Editing Keys Advanced Function Keys Scientific Calculator Keys Graphing Keys Colors may vary in actual product.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 4 Using the Color . Coded Keyboard The keys on the TI-83 Plus are color-coded to help you easily locate the key you need. The light gray keys are the number keys. The blue keys along the right side of the keyboard are the common math functions.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 5 The alpha function of each key is printed in green above the key. When you press the green ƒ key, the alpha character printed in green above the other keys becomes active for the next keystroke. For example, when you press ƒ and then , the letter A is entered.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 6 Turning On and Turning Off the TI-83 Plus Turning On the Calculator To turn on the TI-83 Plus , press É . • If you previously had turned off the calculator by pressing y M , the TI-83 Plus displays the home screen as it was when you last used it and clears any error.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 7 Turning Off the Calculator To turn off the TI-83 Plus manually, press y M . • All settings and memory contents are retained by Constant Memory TM .
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 8 Setting the Display Contrast Adjusting the Display Contrast You can adjust the display contrast to suit your viewing angle and lighting conditions. As you change the contrast setting, a number from 0 (lightest) to 9 (darkest) in the top-right corner indicates the current level.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 9 Note: If you adjust the contrast setting to 0 , the display may become completely blank. To restore the screen, press and release y , and then press and hold } until the display reappears.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 10 The Display Types of Displays The TI-83 Plus displays both text and graphs. Chapter 3 describes graphs. Chapter 9 describes how the TI-83 Plus can display a horizontally or vertically split screen to show graphs and text simultaneously.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 11 When an entry is executed on the home screen, the answer is displayed on the right side of the next line. Entry Answer The mode settings control the way the TI-83 Plus interprets expressions and displays answers.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 12 Display Cursors In most cases, the appearance of the cursor indicates what will happen when you press the next key or select the next menu item to be pasted as a character.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 13 Entering Expressions and Instructions What Is an Expression? An expression is a group of numbers, variables, functions and their arguments, or a combination of these elements. An expression evaluates to a single answer.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 14 Most TI-83 Plus functions and operations are symbols comprising several characters. You must enter the symbol from the keyboard or a menu; do not spell it out. For example, to calculate the log of 45, you must press « 45 .
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 15 1. Enter the part of the number that precedes the exponent. This value can be an expression. 2. Press y D . å is pasted to the cursor location. 3. If the exponent is negative, press Ì , and then enter the exponent, which can be one or two digits.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 16 Instructions An instruction initiates an action. For example, ClrDraw is an instruction that clears any drawn elements from a graph. Instructions cannot be used in expressions. In general, the first letter of each instruction name is uppercase.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 17 TI-83 Plus Edit Keys Keystrokes Result ~ or | Moves the cursor within an expression; these keys repeat. } or † Moves the cursor from line to line within an expression that occupies more than one line; these keys repeat.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 18 Keystrokes Result y Changes the cursor to Þ ; the next keystroke performs a 2nd operation (an operation in yellow above a key and to the left); to cancel 2nd , press y again.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 19 Setting Modes Checking Mode Settings Mode settings control how the TI-83 Plus displays and interprets numbers and graphs. Mode settings are retained by the Constant Memory feature when the TI-83 Plus is turned off.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 20 Changing Mode Settings To change mode settings, follow these steps. 1. Press † or } to move the cursor to the line of the setting that you want to change. 2. Press ~ or | to move the cursor to the setting you want.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 21 Normal notation mode is the usual way we express numbers, with digits to the left and right of the decimal, as in 12345.67 . Sci (scientific) notation mode expresses numbers in two parts. The significant digits display with one digit to the left of the decimal.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 22 The decimal setting applies to these numbers: • An answer displayed on the home screen • Coordinates on a graph (Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6) • .
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 23 Func, Par, Pol, Seq Graphing modes define the graphing parameters. Chapters 3, 4, 5, and 6 describe these modes in detail. Func (function) graphing mode plots functions, where Y is a function of X (Chapter 3).
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 24 Sequential, Simul Sequential graphing-order mode evaluates and plots one function completely before the next function is evaluated and plotted.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 25 Full, Horiz, G . T Full screen mode uses the entire screen to display a graph or edit screen. Each split-screen mode displays two screens simultaneously.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 26 Using TI-83 Plus Variable Names Variables and Defined Items On the TI-83 Plus you can enter and use several types of data, including real and complex numbers, matrices, lists, functions, stat plots, graph databases, graph pictures, and strings.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 27 Variable Type Names Graph pictures Pic1 , Pic2 , ... , Pic9 , Pic0 Strings Str1 , Str2 , ... , Str9 , Str0 Apps Applications AppVars Application v.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 28 • You can use DRAW STO menu items to store and recall graph databases and pictures (Chapter 8). • Although most variables can be archived, system variables including r, t, x, y, and q cannot be archived (Chapter 18) • Apps are independent applications.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 29 Storing Variable Values Storing Values in a Variable Values are stored to and recalled from memory using variable names. When an expression containing the name of a variable is evaluated, the value of the variable at that time is used.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 30 Displaying a Variable Value To display the value of a variable, enter the name on a blank line on the home screen, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 31 Recalling Variable Values Using Recall (RCL) To recall and copy variable contents to the current cursor location, follow these steps. To leave RCL , press ‘ . 1 . Press y ã RCL ä . RCL and the edit cursor are displayed on the bottom line of the screen.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 32 The variable name you selected is displayed on the bottom line and the cursor disappears. 3. Press Í . The variable contents are inserted where the cursor was located before you began these steps.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 33 ENTRY (Last Entry) Storage Area Using ENTRY (Last Entry) When you press Í on the home screen to evaluate an expression or execute an instruction, the expression or instruction is placed in a storage area called ENTRY (last entry).
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 34 Accessing a Previous Entry The TI-83 Plus retains as many previous entries as possible in ENTRY , up to a capacity of 128 bytes. To scroll those entries, press y [ repeatedly. If a single entry is more than 128 bytes, it is retained for ENTRY , but it cannot be placed in the ENTRY storage area.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 35 To reexecute the displayed entry, press Í again. Each reexecution displays an answer on the right side of the next line; the entry itself is not redisplayed.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 36 For the equation A= p r 2 , use trial and error to find the radius of a circle that covers 200 square centimeters. Use 8 as your first guess. 8 ¿ ƒ R ƒ [ : ] y B ƒ R ¡ Í y [ y | 7 y 6 Ë 95 Í Continue until the answer is as accurate as you want.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 37 You can use the variable Ans to represent the last answer in most places. Press y Z to copy the variable name Ans to the cursor location. When the expression is evaluated, the TI-83 Plus uses the value of Ans in the calculation.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 38 Storing Answers To store an answer, store Ans to a variable before you evaluate another expression. Calculate the area of a circle of radius 5 meters. Next, calculate the volume of a cylinder of radius 5 meters and height 3.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 39 TI-83 Plus Menus Using a TI-83 Plus Menu You can access most TI-83 Plus operations using menus. When you press a key or key combination to display a menu, one or more menu names appear on the top line of the screen.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 40 To display any other menu listed on the top line, press ~ or | until that menu name is highlighted. The cursor location within the initial menu is irrelevant. The menu is displayed with the cursor on the first item.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 41 Moving from One Menu to Another Some keys access more than one menu. When you press such a key, the names of all accessible menus are displayed on the top line. When you highlight a menu name, the items in that menu are displayed.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 42 • Press the number or letter of the item you want to select. The cursor can be anywhere on the menu, and the item you select need not be displayed on the screen. • Press † or } to move the cursor to the item you want, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 43 Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection You can leave a menu without making a selection in any of four ways. • Press y 5 to return to the home screen. • Press ‘ to return to the previous screen.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 44 VARS and VARS Y . VARS Menus VARS Menu You can enter the names of functions and system variables in an expression or store to them directly. To display the VARS menu, press . All VARS menu items display secondary menus, which show the names of the system variables.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 45 Selecting a Variable from the VARS Menu or VARS Y . VARS Menu To display the VARS Y . VARS menu, press ~ . 1:Function , 2:Parametric , and 3:Polar display secondary menus of the Y= function variables.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 46 3. If you selected 1:Window , 2:Zoom , or 5:Statistics from the VARS menu, you can press ~ or | to display other secondary menus. 4. Select a variable name from the menu. It is pasted to the cursor location.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 47 Equation Operating System (EOS) Order of Evaluation The Equation Operating System (EOS) defines the order in which functions in expressions are entered and evaluated on the TI-83 Plus . EOS lets you enter numbers and functions in a simple, straightforward sequence.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 48 Note: Within a priority level, EOS evaluates functions from left to right. Calculations within parentheses are evaluated first. Implied Multiplication The TI-83 Plus recognizes implied multiplication, so you need not press ¯ to express multiplication in all cases.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 49 Note: An open parenthesis following a list name, matrix name, or Y= function name does not indicate implied multiplication. It specifies elements in the list (Chapter 11) or matrix (Chapter 10) and specifies a value for which to solve the Y= function.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 50 Special Features of the TI-83 Plus Flash – Electronic Upgradability The TI-83 Plus uses Flash technology, which lets you upgrade to future software versions without buying a new calculator.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 51 be edited or deleted inadvertently. You can also free up RAM by archiving variables to user data Applications Applications can be installed to customize the TI-83 Plus to your classroom needs. The big 1.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 52 Calculator-Based Laboratory é (CBL 2 é , CBL é ) and Calculator-Based Ranger é (CBR é ) The TI-83 Plus comes with the CBL/CBR application already installed. When coupled with the (optional) CBL 2/CBL or CBR accessories, you can use the TI-83 Plus to analyze real world data.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 53 Other TI-83 Plus Features Getting Started has introduced you to basic TI-83 Plus operations. This guidebook covers the other features and capabilities of the TI-83 Plus in greater detail.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 54 Tables You can create function evaluation tables to analyze many functions simultaneously. For details, refer to: Chapter 7 Split Screen You can s.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 55 Lists You can enter and save as many lists as memory allows for use in statistical analyses. You can attach formulas to lists for automatic computation. You can use lists to evaluate expressions at multiple values simultaneously and to graph a family of curves.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 56 Applications You can use such applications as Finance or the CBL/CBR. With the Finance application you can use time-value-of-money ( TVM ) functions to analyze financial instruments such as annuities, For details, refer to: Chapter 14 loans, mortgages, leases, and savings.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 57 Programming You can enter and store programs that include extensive control and input/output instructions. For details, refer to: Chapter 16 Archiving Archiving allows you to store data, programs, or other variables to user data archive where they cannot be edited or deleted inadvertently.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 58 With the TI™ Connect or TI-GRAPH LINK™ software and a TI-GRAPH LINK cable, you can also link the TI-83 Plus to a personal computer.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 59 Error Conditions Diagnosing an Error The TI-83 Plus detects errors while performing these tasks. • Evaluating an expression • Executing an ins.
TI-83 Plus Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition 60 Correcting an Error To correct an error, follow these steps. 1. Note the error type ( ERR: error type ). 2. Select 2:Goto , if it is available. The previous screen is displayed with the cursor at or near the error location.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 61 Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and Test Operations Getting Started: Coin Flip Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Suppose you want to model flipping a fair coin 10 times. You want to track how many of those 10 coin flips result in heads.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 62 2. Press Í to evaluate the expression. A list of 40 elements is generated with the first 7 displayed. The list contains the count of heads resulting from each set of 10 coin flips. The list has 40 elements because this simulation was performed 40 times.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 63 Keyboard Math Operations Using Lists with Math Operations Math operations that are valid for lists return a list calculated element by element. If you use two lists in the same expression, they must be the same length.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 64 sin( value ) cos( value ) tan( value ) You can use the inverse trig functions (arcsine, y ? ; arccosine, y @ ; and arctangent, y A ) with real numbers, expressions, and lists. The current angle mode setting affects interpretation.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 65 log(, 10^(, ln( You can use log( (logarithm, « ), 10^( (power of 10, y G ), and ln( (natural log, µ ) with real or complex numbers, expressions, and lists. log( value ) 10^( power ) ln( value ) e ^ ( (Exponential) e^( (exponential, y J ) returns the constant e raised to a power.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 66 L (Negation) M (negation, Ì ) returns the negative of value . You can use M with real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, and matrices. M value EOS ™ rules (Chapter 1) determine when negation is evaluated.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 67 MATH Operations MATH Menu To display the MATH menu, press . MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: 4 Frac Displays the answer as a fraction. 2: 4 Dec Displays the answer as a decimal. 3: 3 Calculates the cube. 4: 3 ‡ ( Calculates the cube root.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 68 value 4 Frac 4 Dec (display as a decimal) displays an answer in decimal form. You can use 4 Dec with real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, and matrices. You can only use 4 Dec following value . value 4 Dec 3 (Cube), 3 ‡ ( (Cube Root) 3 (cube) returns the cube of value .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 69 x ‡ (Root) x ‡ ( x th root) returns the x th root of value . You can use x ‡ with real or complex numbers, expressions, and lists.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 70 nDeriv( nDeriv( (numerical derivative) returns an approximate derivative of expression with respect to variable , given the value at which to calculate the derivative and H (if not specified, the default is 1 â L 3).
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 71 fnInt( fnInt( (function integral) returns the numerical integral (Gauss-Kronrod method) of expression with respect to variable , given lower limit, upper limit, and a tolerance (if not specified, the default is 1 â L 5).
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 72 Using the Equation Solver Solver Solver displays the equation solver, in which you can solve for any variable in an equation. The equation is assumed to be equal to zero. Solver is valid only for real numbers.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 73 • Enter the expression directly into the equation solver. • Paste a Y= variable name from the VARS Y . VARS menu to the equation solver. • Press y K , paste a Y= variable name from the VARS Y . VARS menu, and press Í .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 74 • A $ is displayed in the first column of the bottom line if the editor continues beyond the screen. Tip: To use the solver to solve an equation such as K=.5MV 2 , enter eqn:0=K N .5MV 2 in the equation editor.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 75 Solving for a Variable in the Equation Solver To solve for a variable using the equation solver after an equation has been stored to eqn , follow these steps. 1. Select 0:Solver from the MATH menu to display the interactive solver editor, if not already displayed.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 76 The default guess is calculated as (upper+lower) 2 . 4. Ed it bound={ lower , upper } . lower and upper are the bounds between which the TI-83 Plus searches for a solution. This is optional, but it may help find the solution more quickly.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 77 • left N rt= diff is displayed in the last line of the editor. diff is the difference between the left and right sides of the equation. A solid square in the first column next to left N rt= indicates that the equation has been evaluated at the new value of the variable for which you solved.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 78 Controlling the Solution for Solver or solve( The TI-83 Plus solves equations through an iterative process. To control that process, enter bounds that are relatively close to the solution and enter an initial guess within those bounds.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 79 MATH NUM (Number) Operations MATH NUM Menu To display the MATH NUM menu, press ~ . MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: abs( Absolute value 2: round( Round 3: iPart( .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 80 round( round( returns a number, expression, list, or matrix rounded to #decimals ( 9). If #decimals is omitted, value is rounded to the digits that are displayed, up to 10 digits.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 81 int( int( (greatest integer) returns the largest integer real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, and matrices.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 82 max( (maximum value) returns the larger of valueA and valueB or the largest element in list . If listA and listB are compared, max( returns a list of the larger of each pair of elements. If list and value are compared, max( compares each element in list with value .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 83 lcm( valueA , valueB ) gcd( valueA , valueB ) lcm( listA , listB ) gcd( listA , listB ) lcm( list , value ) gcd( list , value ).
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 84 Entering and Using Complex Numbers Complex-Number Modes The TI-83 Plus displays complex numbers in rectangular form and polar form. To select a complex-number mode, press z , and then select either of the two modes.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 85 Real mode a+b i mode $$ Entering Complex Numbers Complex numbers are stored in rectangular form, but you can enter a complex number in rectangular form or polar form, regardless of the mode setting.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 86 Interpreting Complex Results Complex numbers in results, including list elements, are displayed in either rectangular or polar form, as specified by the mode setting or by a display conversion instruction.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 87 real component ( + or N ) imaginary component i Polar-Complex Mode Polar-complex mode recognizes and displays a complex number in the form re^ q i , where r is the magnitude, e is the base of the natural log, q is the angle, and i is a constant equal to -1 .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 88 MATH CPX (Complex) Operations MATH CPX Menu To display the MATH CPX menu, press ~ ~ . MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: conj( Returns the complex conjugate. 2: real( Returns the real part. 3: imag( Returns the imaginary part.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 89 real( real( (real part) returns the real part of a complex number or list of complex numbers. real( a + b i ) returns a . real( r e^( q i )) returns r ä cos ( q ). imag( imag( (imaginary part) returns the imaginary (nonreal) part of a complex number or list of complex numbers.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 90 angle( angle( returns the polar angle of a complex number or list of complex numbers, calculated as tan L 1 (b/a), where b is the imaginary part and a is the real part. The calculation is adjusted by + p in the second quadrant or Np in the third quadrant.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 91 4 Rect 4 Rect (display as rectangular) displays a complex result in rectangular form. It is valid only at the end of an expression. It is not valid if the result is real. complex result 8 Rect returns a + b i .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 92 MATH PRB (Probability) Operations MATH PRB Menu To display the MATH PRB menu, press | . MATH NUM CPX PRB 1: rand Random-number generator 2: nPr Numbe.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 93 With each rand execution, the TI-83 Plus generates the same random- number sequence for a given seed value. The TI-83 Plus factory-set seed value for rand is 0 . To generate a different random-number sequence, store any nonzero seed value to rand .
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 94 items nCr number ! (Factorial) ! (factorial) returns the factorial of either an integer or a multiple of .5. For a list, it returns factorials for each integer or multiple of .5. value must be ‚L .5 and 69.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 95 randInt( randInt( (random integer) generates and displays a random integer within a range specified by lower and upper integer bounds. To generate a list of random numbers, specify an integer >1 for numtrials (number of trials); if not specified, the default is 1.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 96 randBin( randBin( (random Binomial) generates and displays a random integer from a specified Binomial distribution. numtrials (number of trials) must be ‚ 1. prob (probability of success) must be ‚ 0 and 1.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 97 ANGLE Operations ANGLE Menu To display the ANGLE menu, press y [ ANGLE ]. The ANGLE menu displays angle indicators and instructions. The Radian / Degree mode setting affects the TI-83 Plus ’s interpretation of ANGLE menu entries.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 98 For example, enter for 30 degrees, 1 minute, 23 seconds. If the angle mode is not set to Degree , you must use ¡ so that the TI-83 Plus can interpret the argument as degrees, minutes, and seconds.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 99 r (Radians) r (radians) designates an angle or list of angles as radians, regardless of the current angle mode setting. In Degree mode, you can use r to convert radians to degrees. value r Degree mode 8 DMS 8 DMS (degree/minute/second) displays answer in DMS format.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 100 R 8 Pr (, R 8 P q (, P 8 Rx(, P 8 Ry( R 8 Pr( converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates and returns r . R 8 P q ( converts rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates and returns q . x and y can be lists.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 101 TEST (Relational) Operations TEST Menu To display the TEST menu, press y : . This operator... Returns 1 (true) if.
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 102 valueA = valueB valueA ƒ valueB valueA > valueB valueA ‚ valueB valueA < valueB valueA valueB Using Tests Relational operators are evaluated after mathematical functions according to EOS rules (Chapter 1).
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 103 TEST LOGIC (Boolean) Operations TEST LOGIC Menu To display the TEST LOGIC menu, press y ã TEST ä ~ . This operator... Returns a 1 (true) if... TEST LOGIC 1: and Both values are nonzero (true). 2: or At least one value is nonzero (true).
TI-83 Plus Math, Angle, and Test Operations 104 valueA and valueB valueA or valueB valueA xor valueB valueA valueB and or xor ƒ 0 ƒ 0 returns 1 1 0 ƒ 0 0 returns 0 1 1 0 ƒ 0 returns 0 1 1 0 0 returns 0 0 0 not( not( returns 1 if value (which can be an expression) is 0 .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 105 Chapter 3: Function Graphing Getting Started: Graphing a Circle Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Graph a circle of radius 10, centered on the origin in the standard viewing window.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 106 2. Press q 6 to select 6:ZStandard . This is a quick way to reset the window variables to the standard values. It also graphs the functions; you do not need to press s . Notice that the functions appear as an ellipse in the standard viewing window.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 107 Defining Graphs TI-83 Plus—Graphing Mode Similarities Chapter 3 specifically describes function graphing, but the steps shown here are similar for each TI-83 Plus graphing mode. Chapters 4, 5, and 6 describe aspects that are unique to parametric graphing, polar graphing, and sequence graphing.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 108 Displaying and Exploring a Graph After you have defined a graph, press s to display it. Explore the behavior of the function or functions using the TI-83 Plus tools described in this chapter.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 109 Setting the Graph Modes Checking and Changing the Graphing Mode To display the mode screen, press z . The default settings are highlighted below. To graph functions, you must select Func mode before you enter values for the window variables and before you enter the functions.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 110 • Float or 0123456789 (fixed) decimal mode affects displayed graph coordinates. • Radian or Degree angle mode affects interpretation of some functions. • Connected or Dot plotting mode affects plotting of selected functions.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 111 Defining Functions Displaying Functions in the Y= Editor To display the Y= editor, press o . You can store up to 10 functions to the function variables Y 1 through Y 9 , and Y 0 . You can graph one or more defined functions at once.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 112 • You may use functions and variables (including matrices and lists) in the expression. When the expression evaluates to a nonreal number, the value is not plotted; no error is returned. • The independent variable in the function is X .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 113 4. Select the function name, which pastes the name to the cursor location on the home screen or program editor. 5. Press Í to complete the instruction.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 114 Selecting and Deselecting Functions Selecting and Deselecting a Function You can select and deselect (turn on and turn off) a function in the Y= editor. A function is selected when the = sign is highlighted. The TI-83 Plus graphs only the selected functions.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 115 Turning On or Turning Off a Stat Plot in the Y= Editor To view and change the on/off status of a stat plot in the Y= editor, use Plot1 Plot2 Plot3 (the top line of the Y= editor). When a plot is on, its name is highlighted on this line.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 116 3. Select 1:FnOn to turn on one or more functions or 2:FnOff to turn off one or more functions. The instruction you select is copied to the cursor location. 4. Enter the number ( 1 through 9 , or 0 ; not the variable Y n ) of each function you want to turn on or turn off.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 117 Setting Graph Styles for Functions Graph Style Icons in the Y= Editor This table describes the graph styles available for function graphing. Use the styles to visually differentiate functions to be graphed together. For example, you can set Y 1 as a solid line, Y 2 as a dotted line, and Y 3 as a thick line.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 118 Setting the Graph Style To set the graph style for a function, follow these steps. 1. Press o to display the Y= editor. 2. Press † and } to move the cursor to the function. 3. Press | | to move the cursor left, past the = sign, to the graph style icon in the first column.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 119 Shading Above and Below When you select é or ê for two or more functions, the TI-83 Plus rotates through four shading patterns. • Vertical lines shade the first function with a é or ê graph style. • Horizontal lines shade the second.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 120 Setting a Graph Style from a Program To set the graph style from a program, select H:GraphStyle( from the PRGM CTL menu. To display this menu, press while in the program editor. function# is the number of the Y= function name in the current graphing mode.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 121 Setting the Viewing Window Variables The TI-83 Plus Viewing Window The viewing window is the portion of the coordinate plane defined by Xmin , Xmax , Ymin , and Ymax . Xscl (X scale) defines the distance between tick marks on the x-axis.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 122 • At Xres=8 , functions are evaluated and graphed at every eighth pixel along the x-axis. Tip: Small Xres values improve graph resolution but may cause the TI-83 Plus to draw graphs more slowly. Changing a Window Variable Value To change a window variable value from the window editor, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 123 Storing to a Window Variable from the Home Screen or a Program To store a value, which can be an expression, to a window variable, begin on a blank line and follow these steps. 1. Enter the value you want to store. 2. Press ¿ .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 124 When the instruction is executed, the TI-83 Plus stores the value to the window variable and displays the value. @ X and @ Y The variables @ X and @ Y (items 8 and 9 o.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 125 Setting the Graph Format Displaying the Format Settings To display the format settings, press y . . The default settings are highlighted below. RectGC PolarGC Sets cursor coordinates. CoordOn CoordOff Sets coordinates display on or off.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 126 RectGC, PolarGC RectGC (rectangular graphing coordinates) displays the cursor location as rectangular coordinates X and Y . PolarGC (polar graphing coordinates) displays the cursor location as polar coordinates R and q .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 127 GridOff, GridOn Grid points cover the viewing window in rows that correspond to the tick marks on each axis. GridOff does not display grid points. GridOn displays grid points. AxesOn, AxesOff AxesOn displays the axes. AxesOff does not display the axes.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 128 ExprOn, ExprOff ExprOn and ExprOff determine whether to display the Y= expression when the trace cursor is active. This format setting also applies to stat plots. When ExprOn is selected, the expression is displayed in the top-left corner of the graph screen.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 129 Displaying Graphs Displaying a New Graph To display the graph of the selected function or functions, press s . TRACE , ZOOM instructions, and CALC operations display the graph automatically. As the TI-83 Plus plots the graph, the busy indicator is on.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 130 If you performed any of these actions since the graph was last displayed, the TI-83 Plus will replot the graph based on new values when you press s .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 131 Graphing a Family of Curves If you enter a list (Chapter 11) as an element in an expression, the TI-83 Plus plots the function for each value in the list, thereby graphing a family of curves.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 132 Exploring Graphs with the Free-Moving Cursor Free-Moving Cursor When a graph is displayed, press | , ~ , } , or † to move the cursor around the graph. When you first display the graph, no cursor is visible. When you press | , ~ , } , or † , the cursor moves from the center of the viewing window.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 133 value displayed at the bottom of the screen actually may not be a point on the function. To move the cursor along a function, use r . The coordinate values displayed as you move the cursor approximate actual math coordinates, *accurate to within the width and height of the pixel.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 134 Exploring Graphs with TRACE Beginning a Trace Use TRACE to move the cursor from one plotted point to the next along a function.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 135 When the trace cursor moves along a function, the Y value is calculated from the X value; that is, Y = Y n (X) . If the function is undefined at an X value, the Y value is blank.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 136 be valid for the current viewing window. When you have completed the entry, press Í to move the cursor. Note: This feature does not apply to stat plots. Panning to the Left or Right If you trace a function beyond the left or right side of the screen, the viewing window automatically pans to the left or right.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 137 Leaving and Returning to TRACE When you leave and return to TRACE , the trace cursor is displayed in the same location it was in when you left TRACE , unless Smart Graph has replotted the graph. Using TRACE in a Program On a blank line in the program editor, press r .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 138 Exploring Graphs with the ZOOM Instructions ZOOM Menu To display the ZOOM menu, press q . You can adjust the viewing window of the graph quickly in several ways. All ZOOM instructions are accessible from programs. ZOOM MEMORY 1:ZBox Draws a box to define the viewing window.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 139 Zoom Cursor When you select 1:ZBox , 2:Zoom In , or 3:Zoom Out , the cursor on the graph becomes the zoom cursor ( + ), a smaller version of the free-moving cursor ( + ). ZBox To define a new viewing window using ZBox , follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 140 To use ZBox to define another box within the new graph, repeat steps 2 through 4. To cancel ZBox , press ‘ . Zoom In, Zoom Out Zoom In magnifies the part of the graph that surrounds the cursor location. Zoom Out displays a greater portion of the graph, centered on the cursor location.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 141 4. Press Í . The TI-83 Plus adjusts the viewing window by XFact and YFact ; updates the window variables; and replots the selected functions, centered on the cursor location. 5. Zoom in on the graph again in either of two ways.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 142 ZSquare ZSquare replots the functions immediately. It redefines the viewing window based on the current values of the window variables. It adjusts in only one direction so that @ X= @ Y , which makes the graph of a circle look like a circle.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 143 ZInteger ZInteger redefines the viewing window to the dimensions shown below. To use ZInteger , move the cursor to the point that you want to be the center of the new window, and then press Í ; ZInteger replots the functions.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 144 Using ZOOM MEMORY ZOOM MEMORY Menu To display the ZOOM MEMORY menu, press q ~ . ZOOM MEMORY 1: ZPrevious Uses the previous viewing window. 2: ZoomSto Stores the user-defined window. 3: ZoomRcl Recalls the user-defined window.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 145 ZoomRcl ZoomRcl graphs the selected functions in a user-defined viewing window. The user-defined viewing window is determined by the values stored with the ZoomSto instruction. The window variables are updated with the user-defined values, and the graph is plotted.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 146 Changing XFact and YFact You can change XFact and YFact in either of two ways. • Enter a new value. The original value is cleared automatically when you enter the first digit. • Place the cursor on the digit you want to change, and then enter a value or press { to delete it.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 147 Using the CALC (Calculate) Operations CALCULATE Menu To display the CALCULATE menu, press y ã CALC ä . Use the items on this menu to analyze the current graph functions. CALCULATE 1:value Calculates a function Y value for a given X .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 148 To evaluate a selected function at X , follow these steps. 1. Select 1:value from the CALCULATE menu. The graph is displayed with X= in the bottom-left corner. 2. Enter a real value, which can be an expression, for X between Xmin and Xmax .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 149 The time zero spends to find the correct zero value depends on the accuracy of the values you specify for the left and right bounds and the accuracy of your guess. To find a zero of a function, follow these steps. 1. Select 2:zero from the CALCULATE menu.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 150 4. Press | or ~ (or enter a value) to select a point near the zero of the function, between the bounds, and then press Í . The cursor is on the solution and the coordinates are displayed, even if CoordOff format is selected.
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 151 The cursor is on the solution, and the coordinates are displayed, even if you have selected CoordOff format; Minimum or Maximum is displayed in the bottom-left corner. To move to the same x-value for other selected functions, press } or † .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 152 3. Press † or } , if necessary, to move the cursor to the second function, and then press Í . 4. Press ~ or | to move the cursor to the point that is your guess as to location of the intersection, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Function Graphing 153 To move to the same x-value for other selected functions, press } or † . To restore the free-moving cursor, press | or ~ . ‰ f(x)dx ‰ f(x)dx (numerical integral) finds the numerical integral of a function in a specified interval.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 154 Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing Getting Started: Path of a Ball Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 155 1. Press z . Press † † † ~ Í to select Par mode. Press † † ~ Í to select Simul for simultaneous graphing of all three parametric equations in this example. 2. Press o . Press 30 „ ™ 25 y ; 1 (to select ¡ ) ¤ Í to define X 1T in terms of T .
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 156 The horizontal component vector is defined by X 3T and Y 3T . 6. Press ~ 2 , and then press 1 Í to define X 3T . Press 0 Í to define Y 3T . 7. Press | | } Í to change the graph style to è for X 3T and Y 3T . Press } Í Í to change the graph style to ë for X 2T and Y 2T .
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 157 10 . Press s . The plotting action simultaneously shows the ball in flight and the vertical and horizontal component vectors of the motion. Tip: To simulate the ball flying through the air, set graph style to ì (animate) for X 1T and Y 1T .
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 158 Defining and Displaying Parametric Graphs TI-83 Plus Graphing Mode Similarities The steps for defining a parametric graph are similar to the steps for defining a function graph. Chapter 4 assumes that you are familiar with Chapter 3: Function Graphing.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 159 In this editor, you can display and enter both the X and Y components of up to six equations, X 1T and Y 1T through X 6T and Y 6T . Each is defined in terms of the independent variable T . A common application of parametric graphs is graphing equations over time.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 160 Selecting and Deselecting Parametric Equations The TI-83 Plus graphs only the selected parametric equations. In the Y= editor, a parametric equation is selected when the = signs of both the X and Y components are highlighted.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 161 Setting the Graph Format To display the current graph format settings, press y . . Chapter 3 describes the format settings in detail. The other graphing modes share these format settings; Seq graphing mode has an additional axes format setting.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 162 • Store parametric equations. • Select or deselect parametric equations. • Store values directly to window variables.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 163 Exploring Parametric Graphs Free-Moving Cursor The free-moving cursor in Par graphing works the same as in Func graphing. In RectGC format, moving the cursor updates the values of X and Y ; if CoordOn format is selected, X and Y are displayed.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 164 To move five plotted points at a time on a function, press y | or y ~ . If you move the cursor beyond the top or bottom of the screen, the coordinate values at the bottom of the screen continue to change appropriately.
TI-83 Plus Parametric Graphing 165 ZOOM ZOOM operations in Par graphing work the same as in Func graphing. Only the X ( Xmin , Xmax , and Xscl ) and Y ( Ymin , Ymax , and Yscl ) window variables are affected. The T window variables ( Tmin , Tmax , and Tstep ) are only affected when you select ZStandard .
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 166 Chapter 5: Polar Graphing Getting Started: Polar Rose Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. The polar equation R=Asin(B q ) graphs a rose. Graph the rose for A=8 and B=2.5, and then explore the appearance of the rose for other values of A and B.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 167 3. Press q 6 to select 6:ZStandard and graph the equation in the standard viewing window. The graph shows only five petals of the rose, and the rose does not appear to be symmetrical. This is because the standard window sets q max=2 p and defines the window, rather than the pixels, as square.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 168 Defining and Displaying Polar Graphs TI-83 Plus Graphing Mode Similarities The steps for defining a polar graph are similar to the steps for defining a function graph. Chapter 5 assumes that you are familiar with Chapter 3: Function Graphing.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 169 In this editor, you can enter and display up to six polar equations, r 1 through r 6 . Each is defined in terms of the independent variable q . Selecting Graph Styles The icons to the left of r 1 through r 6 represent the graph style of each polar equation (Chapter 3).
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 170 To change the selection status, move the cursor onto the = sign, and then press Í . Setting Window Variables To display the window variable values, press p . These variables define the viewing window. The values below are defaults for Pol graphing in Radian angle mode.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 171 Setting the Graph Format To display the current graph format settings, press y . . Chapter 3 describes the format settings in detail. The other graphing modes share these format settings. Displaying a Graph When you press s , the TI-83 Plus plots the selected polar equations.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 172 • Store polar equations. • Select or deselect polar equations. • Store values directly to window variables..
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 173 Exploring Polar Graphs Free-Moving Cursor The free-moving cursor in Pol graphing works the same as in Func graphing. In RectGC format, moving the cursor updates the values of X and Y ; if CoordOn format is selected, X and Y are displayed.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 174 screen, the coordinate values at the bottom of the screen continue to change appropriately. Quick Zoom is available in Pol graphing mode; panning is not (Chapter 3). Moving the Trace Cursor to Any Valid q Value To move the trace cursor to any valid q value on the current function, enter the number.
TI-83 Plus Polar Graphing 175 CALC CALC operations in Pol graphing work the same as in Func graphing. The CALCULATE menu items available in Pol graphing are 1:value , 2:dy/dx , and 3:dr/d q .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 176 Chapter 6: Sequence Graphing Getting Started: Forest and Trees Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. A small forest of 4,000 trees is under a new forestry plan. Each year 20 percent of the trees will be harvested and 1,000 new trees will be planted.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 177 3. Press o . If the graph-style icon is not í (dot), press | | , press Í until í is displayed, and then press ~ ~ . 4. Press ~ 3 to select iPart( (integer part) because only whole trees are harvested. After each annual harvest, 80 percent (.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 178 6. Press r . Tracing begins at n Min (the start of the forestry plan). Press ~ to trace the sequence year by year. The sequence is displayed at the top of the screen. The values for n (number of years), X ( X= n , because n is plotted on the x-axis), and Y (tree count) are displayed at the bottom.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 179 Defining and Displaying Sequence Graphs TI-83 Plus Graphing Mode Similarities The steps for defining a sequence graph are similar to the steps for defining a function graph. Chapter 6 assumes that you are familiar with Chapter 3: Function Graphing.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 180 You can define sequence functions in terms of: • The independent variable n • The previous term in the sequence function, such as u( n N 1) • The term that prece.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 181 The sequence Y= editor displays the n Min value because of its relevance to u( n Min) , v( n Min) , and w( n Min) , which are the initial values for the sequence equations u( n ) , v( n ) , and w( n ) , respectively. n Min in the Y= editor is the same as n Min in the window editor.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 182 Defining and Editing a Sequence Function To define or edit a sequence function, follow the steps in Chapter 3 for defining a function. The independent variable in a sequence is n . In Seq graphing mode, you can enter the sequence variable in either of two ways.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 183 For example, in the nonrecursive sequence below, you can calculate u(5) directly, without first calculating u(1) or any previous term. The sequence equation above returns the sequence 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , …for n = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , … .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 184 Using an initial value u( n Min) = 1 , the sequence above returns 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 16 , . . . Tip: On the TI-83 Plus , you must type each character of the terms. For example, to enter u( n N 1) , press y [ u ] £ „ ¹ À ¤ .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 185 Setting Window Variables To display the window variables, press p . These variables define the viewing window. The values below are defaults for Seq graphing in both Radian and Degree angle modes.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 186 PlotStart is the first term to be plotted. PlotStart=1 begins plotting on the first term in the sequence. If you want plotting to begin with the fifth term in a sequence, for example, set PlotStart=5 . The first four terms are evaluated but are not plotted on the graph.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 187 Selecting Axes Combinations Setting the Graph Format To display the current graph format settings, press y . . Chapter 3 describes the format settings in detail. The other graphing modes share these format settings. The axes setting on the top line of the screen is available only in Seq mode.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 188 Axes Setting x-axis y-axis Time n u( n ) , v( n ) , w( n ) Web u( n N 1) , v( n N 1) , w( n N 1) u( n ) , v( n ) , w( n ) uv u( n )v ( n ) vw v( n )w ( n ) uw u( n )w ( n ) Displaying a Sequence Graph To plot the selected sequence functions, press s .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 189 Exploring Sequence Graphs Free-Moving Cursor The free-moving cursor in Seq graphing works the same as in Func graphing. In RectGC format, moving the cursor updates the values of X and Y ; if CoordOn format is selected, X and Y are displayed.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 190 In Web format, the trail of the cursor helps identify points with attracting and repelling behavior in the sequence. When you begin a trace, the cursor is on the x-axis at the initial value of the first selected function.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 191 ZOOM ZOOM operations in Seq graphing work the same as in Func graphing. Only the X ( Xmin , Xmax , and Xscl ) and Y ( Ymin , Ymax , and Yscl ) window variables are affected. PlotStart , PlotStep , n Min , and n Max are only affected when you select ZStandard .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 192 Evaluating u, v, and w To enter the sequence names u , v, or w , press y [ u ], [ v ], or [ w ]. You can evaluate these names in any of three ways. • Calculate the nth value in a sequence. • Calculate a list of values in a sequence.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 193 Graphing Web Plots Graphing a Web Plot To select Web axes format, press y . ~ Í . A web plot graphs u( n ) versus u( n N 1) , which you can use to study long-term behavior (convergence, divergence, or oscillation) of a recursive sequence.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 194 Displaying the Graph Screen In Web format, press s to display the graph screen. The TI-83 Plus : • Draws a y=x reference line in AxesOn format. • Plots the selected sequences with u( n N 1) as the independent variable.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 195 Using Web Plots to Illustrate Convergence Example: Convergence 1. Press o in Seq mode to display the sequence Y= editor. Make sure the graph style is set to í (dot), and then define n Min , u( n ) and u( n Min) as shown below.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 196 4. Press s to graph the sequence. 5. Press y . and select the Web axes setting. 6. Press p and change the variables below. Xmin= L 10 Xmax=10 7. Press s to graph the sequence. 8. Press r , and then press ~ to draw the web.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 197 Graphing Phase Plots Graphing with uv, vw, and uw The phase-plot axes settings uv , vw , and uw show relationships between two sequences. To select a phase-plot axes setting, press y . , press ~ until the cursor is on uv , vw , or uw , and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 198 These are the variables (given values are in parentheses): R = number of rabbits M = rabbit population growth rate without foxes (.05) K = rabbit population death rate with foxes (.001) W = number of foxes G = fox population growth rate with rabbits (.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 199 3. Press p and set the variables as shown below. n Min=0 Xmin=0 Ymin=0 n Max=400 Xmax=400 Ymax=300 PlotStart=1 Xscl=100 Yscl=100 PlotStep=1 4. Press s to graph the sequence. 5. Press r ~ to individually trace the number of rabbits ( u( n ) ) and foxes ( v( n ) ) over time ( n ).
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 200 7. Press p and change these variables as shown below. Xmin=84 Ymin=25 Xmax=237 Ymax=75 Xscl=50 Yscl=10 8. Press r . Trace both the number of rabbits ( X ) and the number of foxes ( Y ) through 400 generations. Note: When you press r , the equation for u is displayed in the top-left corner.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 201 Comparing TI-83 Plus and TI-82 Sequence Variables Sequences and Window Variables Refer to the table if you are familiar with the TI - 82. It shows TI-83 Plus sequences and sequence window variables, as well as their TI - 82 counterparts.
TI-83 Plus Sequence Graphing 202 Keystroke Differences Between TI-83 Plus and TI-82 Sequence Keystroke Changes Refer to the table if you are familiar with the TI - 82. It compares TI-83 Plus sequence-name syntax and variable syntax with TI . 82 sequence-name syntax and variable syntax.
TI-83 Plus Tables 203 Chapter 7: Tables Getting Started: Roots of a Function Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Evaluate the function Y = X 3 N 2X at each integer between L 10 and 10. How many sign changes occur, and at what X values? 1.
TI-83 Plus Tables 204 Press Í to select Indpnt: Auto (automatically generated independent values). Press † Í to select Depend: Auto (automatically generated dependent values). 4. Press y 0 to display the table screen. 5. Press † until you see the sign changes in the value of Y 1 .
TI-83 Plus Tables 205 Setting Up the Table TABLE SETUP Screen To display the TABLE SETUP screen, press y - . TblStart, @ Tbl TblStart (table start) defines the initial value for the independent variable. TblStart applies only when the independent variable is generated automatically (when Indpnt: Auto is selected).
TI-83 Plus Tables 206 Indpnt: Auto, Indpnt: Ask, Depend: Auto, Depend: Ask Selections Table Characteristics Indpnt: Auto Depend: Auto Values are displayed automatically in both the independent-variable column and in all dependent- variable columns.
TI-83 Plus Tables 207 Defining the Dependent Variables Defining Dependent Variables from the Y= Editor In the Y= editor, enter the functions that define the dependent variables. Only functions that are selected in the Y= editor are displayed in the table.
TI-83 Plus Tables 208 3. Press Í . The cursor moves to the bottom line. Edit the function. 4. Press Í or † . The new values are calculated. The table and the Y= function are updated automatically. Note: You also can use this feature to view the function that defines a dependent variable without having to leave the table.
TI-83 Plus Tables 209 Displaying the Table The Table To display the table, press y 0 . Current cell Independent-variable values in the first column Dependent-variable values in the second and third columns Current cell’s full value Note: The table abbreviates the values, if necessary.
TI-83 Plus Tables 210 Graphing Mode Independent Variable Dependent Variable Func (function) XY 1 through Y 9 , and Y 0 Par (parametric) TX 1T / Y 1T through X 6T / Y 6T Pol (polar) q r 1 through r 6 S.
TI-83 Plus Tables 211 Note: You can scroll back from the value entered for TblStart . As you scroll, TblStart is updated automatically to the value shown on the top line of the table.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 212 Chapter 8: Draw Instructions Getting Started: Drawing a Tangent Line Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Suppose you want to find the equation of the tangent line at X = ‡ 2/2 for the function Y = sin(X).
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 213 3. Press y < 5 to select 5:Tangent( . The tangent instruction is initiated. 4. Press y C 2 ¤ ¥ 2 . 5. Press Í . The tangent line is drawn; the X value and the tangent-line equation are displayed on the graph.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 214 Using the DRAW Menu DRAW Menu To display the DRAW menu, press y < . The TI-83 Plus ’s interpretation of these instructions depends on whether you accessed the menu from the home screen or the program editor or directly from a graph.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 215 Before Drawing on a Graph The DRAW instructions draw on top of graphs. Therefore, before you use the DRAW instructions, consider whether you want to perform one or more of the following actions. • Change the mode settings on the mode screen.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 216 You can use most DRAW menu and DRAW POINTS menu instructions to draw directly on a graph, using the cursor to identify the coordinates. You also can execute these instructions from the home screen or from within a program.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 217 Clearing Drawings Clearing Drawings When a Graph Is Displayed All points, lines, and shading drawn on a graph with DRAW instructions are temporary. To clear drawings from the currently displayed graph, select 1:ClrDraw from the DRAW menu.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 218 Drawing Line Segments Drawing a Line Segment Directly on a Graph To draw a line segment when a graph is displayed, follow these steps. 1. Select 2:Line( from the DRAW menu. 2. Place the cursor on the point where you want the line segment to begin, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 219 Drawing a Line Segment from the Home Screen or a Program Line( also draws a line segment between the coordinates ( X1,Y1 ) and ( X2,Y2 ).
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 220 Drawing Horizontal and Vertical Lines Drawing a Line Directly on a Graph To draw a horizontal or vertical line when a graph is displayed, follow these steps. 1. Select 3:Horizontal or 4:Vertical from the DRAW menu. A line is displayed that moves as you move the cursor.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 221 Drawing a Line from the Home Screen or a Program Horizontal (horizontal line) draws a horizontal line at Y= y . y can be an expression but not a list. Horizontal y Vertical (vertical line) draws a vertical line at X = x .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 222 Drawing Tangent Lines Drawing a Tangent Line Directly on a Graph To draw a tangent line when a graph is displayed, follow these steps. 1. Select 5:Tangent( from the DRAW menu. 2. Press † and } to move the cursor to the function for which you want to draw the tangent line.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 223 Tip: Change the fixed decimal setting on the mode screen if you want to see fewer digits displayed for X and the equation for Y . Drawing a Tangent Line from the Home Screen or a Program Tangent( (tangent line) draws a line tangent to expression in terms of X , such as Y 1 or X 2 , at point X = value .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 224 Drawing Functions and Inverses Drawing a Function DrawF (draw function) draws expression as a function in terms of X on the current graph. When you select 6:DrawF from the DRAW menu, the TI-83 Plus returns to the home screen or the program editor.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 225 DrawInv expression Note: You cannot use a list in expression to draw a family of curves..
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 226 Shading Areas on a Graph Shading a Graph To shade an area on a graph, select 7:Shade( from the DRAW menu. The instruction is pasted to the home screen or to the program editor.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 227 patres specifies one of eight shading resolutions. patres = 1 shades every pixel (default) patres = 2 shades every second pixel patres = 3 shades every third pixel pat.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 228 Drawing Circles Drawing a Circle Directly on a Graph To draw a circle directly on a displayed graph using the cursor, follow these steps. 1. Select 9:Circle( from the DRAW menu. 2. Place the cursor at the center of the circle you want to draw.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 229 To continue drawing circles, repeat steps 2 and 3. To cancel Circle( , press ‘ . Drawing a Circle from the Home Screen or a Program Circle( draws a circle with center ( X,Y ) and radius. These values can be expressions.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 230 Placing Text on a Graph Placing Text Directly on a Graph To place text on a graph when the graph is displayed, follow these steps. 1. Select 0:Text( from the DRAW menu. 2. Place the cursor where you want the text to begin.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 231 Text( row,column,value,value… ) value can be text enclosed in quotation marks ( " ), or it can be an expression. The TI-83 Plus will evaluate an expression and display the result with up to 10 characters. Split Screen On a Horiz split screen, the maximum value for row is 25.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 232 Using Pen to Draw on a Graph Using Pen to Draw on a Graph Pen draws directly on a graph only. You cannot execute Pen from the home screen or a program. To draw on a displayed graph, follow these steps. 1. Select A:Pen from the DRAW menu.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 233 Drawing Points on a Graph DRAW POINTS Menu To display the DRAW POINTS menu, press y < ~ . The TI-83 Plus ’s interpretation of these instructions depends on whether you accessed this menu from the home screen or the program editor or directly from a graph.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 234 3. Press Í to draw the point. To continue drawing points, repeat steps 2 and 3. To cancel Pt . On( , press ‘ . Erasing Points with Pt . Off( To erase (turn off) a drawn point on a graph, follow these steps. 1. Select 2:Pt .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 235 Changing Points with Pt . Change( To change (toggle on or off) a point on a graph, follow these steps. 1. Select 3:Pt . Change( (point change) from the DRAW POINTS menu. 2. Move the cursor to the point you want to change.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 236 Note: If you specified mark to turn on a point with Pt . On( , you must specify mark when you turn off the point with Pt .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 237 Drawing Pixels TI-83 Plus Pixels A pixel is a square dot on the TI-83 Plus display. The Pxl . (pixel) instructions let you turn on, turn off, or reverse a pixel (dot) on the graph using the cursor.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 238 Using pxl . Test( pxl . Test( (pixel test) returns 1 if the pixel at ( row,column ) is turned on or 0 if the pixel is turned off on the current graph. row must be an integer between 0 and 62. column must be an integer between 0 and 94.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 239 Storing Graph Pictures (Pic) DRAW STO Menu To display the DRAW STO menu, press y < | . When you select an instruction from the DRAW STO menu, the TI-83 Plus returns to the home screen or the program editor. The picture and graph database instructions are not interactive.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 240 A picture includes drawn elements, plotted functions, axes, and tick marks. The picture does not include axes labels, lower and upper bound indicators, prompts, or cursor coordinates. Any parts of the display hidden by these items are stored with the picture.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 241 Recalling Graph Pictures (Pic) Recalling a Graph Picture To recall a graph picture, follow these steps. 1. Select 2:RecallPic from the DRAW STO menu. RecallPic is pasted to the current cursor location. 2. Enter the number (from 1 to 9 , or 0 ) of the picture variable from which you want to recall a picture.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 242 Storing Graph Databases (GDB) What Is a Graph Database? A graph database ( GDB ) contains the set of elements that defines a particular graph. You can recreate the graph from these elements. You can store up to 10 GDB s in variables GDB1 through GDB9 , or GDB0 and recall them to recreate graphs.
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 243 2. Enter the number (from 1 to 9 , or 0 ) of the GDB variable to which you want to store the graph database. For example, if you enter 7 , the TI-83 Plus will store the GDB to GDB7 . Note: You also can select a variable from the GDB secondary menu ( 3 ).
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 244 Recalling Graph Databases (GDB) Recalling a Graph Database CAUTION: When you recall a GDB , it replaces all existing Y= functions. Consider storing the current Y= functions to another database before recalling a stored GDB .
TI-83 Plus Draw Instructions 245 Deleting a Graph Database To delete a GDB from memory, use the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE secondary menu (Chapter 18)..
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 246 Chapter 9: Split Screen Getting Started: Exploring the Unit Circle Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 247 3. Press o to display the Y= editor for Par graphing mode. Press ™ „ ¤ Í to store cos(T) to X 1T . Press ˜ „ ¤ Í to store sin(T) to Y 1T . 4. Press p to display the window editor. Enter these values for the window variables.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 248 Using Split Screen Setting a Split-Screen Mode To set a split-screen mode, press z , and then move the cursor to the bottom line of the mode screen. • Select Horiz (horizontal) to display the graph screen and another screen split horizontally.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 249 Some screens are never displayed as split screens. For example, if you press z in Horiz or G . T mode, the mode screen is displayed as a full screen. If you then press a key that displays either half of a split screen, such as r , the split screen returns.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 250 Horiz (Horizontal) Split Screen Horiz Mode In Horiz (horizontal) split-screen mode, a horizontal line splits the screen into top and bottom halves. The top half displays the graph. The bottom half displays any of these editors.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 251 Moving from Half to Half in Horiz Mode To use the top half of the split screen: • Press s or r . • Select a ZOOM or CALC operation. To use the bottom half of the split screen: • Press any key or key combination that displays the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 252 G . T (Graph-Table) Split Screen G . T Mode In G . T (graph-table) split-screen mode, a vertical line splits the screen into left and right halves. The left half displays the graph. The right half displays the table. Moving from Half to Half in G .
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 253 Using r in G . T Mode As you move the trace cursor along a graph in the split screen’s left half in G . T mode, the table on the right half automatically scrolls to match the current cursor values.
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 254 TI-83 Plus Pixels in Horiz and G . T Modes TI-83 Plus Pixels in Horiz and G . T Modes Note: Each set of numbers in parentheses above represents the row and column of a corner pixel, which is turned on. DRAW POINTS Menu Pixel Instructions For Pxl .
TI-83 Plus Split Screen 255 • In G . T mode, row must be { 45; column must be { 46. Text( row,column,"text" ) PRGM I/O Menu Output( Instruction For the Output( instruction: • In Horiz mode, row must be { 4; column must be { 16. • In G .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 256 Chapter 10: Matrices Getting Started: Systems of Linear Equations Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details.
TI-83 Plu s Matrice s 257 4 . Press 2 Í 3 Í 3 Í to complete the first row for X + 2Y + 3Z = 3. 5 . Press 2 Í 3 Í 4 Í 3 Í to enter the second row for 2X + 3Y + 4Z = 3. 6 . Press y 5 to return to the home screen. If necessary, press ‘ to clear the home screen.
TI-83 Plu s Matrice s 258 Defining a Matrix What Is a Matrix? A matrix is a two-dimensional array. You can display, define, or edit a matrix in the matrix editor. The TI-83 Plus has 10 matrix variables, [A] through [J] . You can define a matrix directly in an expression.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 259 2. Select the matrix you want to define. The MATRX EDIT screen is displayed. Accepting or Changing Matrix Dimensions The dimensions of the matrix ( row × column ) are displayed on the top line. The dimensions of a new matrix are 1 ×1 .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 260 Viewing and Editing Matrix Elements Displaying Matrix Elements After you have set the dimensions of the matrix, you can view the matrix and enter values for the matrix elements. In a new matrix, all values are zero. Select the matrix from the MATRX EDIT menu and enter or accept the dimensions.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 261 Deleting a Matrix To delete matrices from memory, use the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE secondary menu (Chapter 18). Viewing a Matrix The matrix editor has two contexts, viewing and editing. In viewing context, you can use the cursor keys to move quickly from one matrix element to the next.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 262 Viewing-Context Keys Key Function | or ~ Moves the rectangular cursor within the current row † or } Moves the rectangular cursor within the current column; on the top row, } .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 263 2. Press | , } , ~ , and † to move the cursor to the matrix element you want to change. 3. Switch to editing context by pressing Í , ‘ , or an entry key. 4. Change the value of the matrix element using the editing-context keys described below.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 264 Editing-Context Keys Key Function | or ~ Moves the edit cursor within the value † or } Stores the value displayed on the bottom line to the matrix element; switches to viewin.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 265 Using Matrices with Expressions Using a Matrix in an Expression To use a matrix in an expression, you can do any of the following. • Copy the name from the MATRX NAMES menu. • Recall the contents of the matrix into the expression with y K (Chapter 1).
TI-83 Plus Matrices 266 5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 to enter all of the rows. 6. Press y [ ] ] to indicate the end of the matrix. Note: The closing ]] are not necessary at the end of an expression or preceding ! . The resulting matrix is displayed in the form: [[ element1,1 , .
TI-83 Plu s Matrice s 267 Displaying and Copying Matrices Displaying a Matrix To display the contents of a matrix on the home screen, select the matrix from the MATRX NAMES menu, and then press Í . Ellipses in the left or right column indicate additional columns.
TI-83 Plu s Matrice s 268 3 . Press ¿ . 4 . Press y > again and select the name of the new matrix to which you want to copy the existing matrix. 5. Press Í to copy the matrix to the new matrix name. Accessing a Matrix Element On the home screen or from within a program, you can store a value to, or recall a value from, a matrix element.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 269 Using Math Functions with Matrices Using Math Functions with Matrices You can use many of the math functions on the TI-83 Plus keyboard, the MATH menu, the MATH NUM menu, and the MATH TEST menu with matrices. However, the dimensions must be appropriate.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 270 matrixA ä matrixB Multiplying a matrix by a value or a value by a matrix returns a matrix in which each element of matrix is multiplied by value . matrix ä value value ä matrix L (Negation) Negating a matrix ( Ì ) returns a matrix in which the sign of every element is changed (reversed).
TI-83 Plus Matrices 271 abs( abs( (absolute value, MATH NUM menu) returns a matrix containing the absolute value of each element of matrix . abs( matrix ) round( round( ( MATH NUM menu) returns a matrix. It rounds every element in matrix to # decimals ( 9).
TI-83 Plus Matrices 272 matrix L 1 Powers To raise a matrix to a power, matrix must be square. You can use 2 ( ¡ ), 3 ( MATH menu), or ^ power ( › ) for integer power between 0 and 255 .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 273 matrixA ƒ matrixB returns 1 if at least one comparison is false; it returns 0 if no comparison is false. iPart(, fPart(, int( iPart( (integer part), fPart( (fractional part), and int( (greatest integer) are on the MATH NUM menu.
TI-83 Plu s Matrice s 274 Using the MATRX MATH Operations MATRX MATH Menu To display the MATRX MATH menu, p r e ss y > ~ . NAMES MATH EDIT 1: det( Calculates the determinant. 2: T Transposes the matrix. 3: dim( Returns the matrix dimensions. 4: Fill( Fills all elements with a constant.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 275 det( det( (determinant) returns the determinant (a real number) of a square matrix . det( matrix ) T (Transpose) T (transpose) returns a matrix in which each element (row, column) is swapped with the corresponding element (column, row) of matrix .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 276 Creating a Matrix with dim( Use dim( with ¿ to create a new matrixname of dimensions rows × columns with 0 as each element. { rows , columns } ! dim( matrixname ) R e d i m en s i o n i n g a M a t r i x w i t h dim( Use dim( with ¿ to redimension an existing matrixname to dimensions rows × columns .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 277 Fill( value , matrixname ) identity( identity( returns the identity matrix of dimension rows × dimension columns. identity( dimension ) randM( randM( (create random matrix) returns a rows × columns random matrix of integers ‚ L 9 and 9.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 278 augment( matrixA , matrixB ) Matr 4 list( Matr 4 list( (matrix stored to list) fills each listname with elements from each column in matrix . Matr 4 list( ignores extra listname arguments. Likewise, Matr 4 list( ignores extra matrix columns.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 279 Matr 4 list( matrix , column# , listname ) & List 4 matr( List 4 matr( (lists stored to matrix) fills matrixname column by column with the elements from each list . If dimensions of all lists are not equal, List 4 matr( fills each extra matrixname row with 0 .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 280 cumSum( matrix ) Row Operations MATRX MATH menu items A through F are row operations. You can use a row operation in an expression. Row operations do not change matrix in memory. You can enter all row numbers and values as expressions.
TI-83 Plus Matrices 281 rref( matrix ) rowSwap( rowSwap( returns a matrix. It swaps rowA and rowB of matrix . rowSwap( matrix , rowA , rowB ) row+( row+( (row addition) returns a matrix. It adds rowA and rowB of matrix and stores the results in rowB .
TI-83 Plus Matrices 282 ä row( ä row( (row multiplication) returns a matrix. It multiplies row of matrix by value and stores the results in row . ä row( value , matrix , row ) ä row+( ä row+( (row multiplication and addition) returns a matrix. It multiplies rowA of matrix by value , adds it to rowB , and stores the results in rowB .
TI-83 Plus Lists 283 Chapter 11: Lists Getting Started: Generating a Sequence Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Calculate the first eight terms of the sequence 1/ A 2 . Store the results to a user- created list.
TI-83 Plus Lists 284 4. Press ¿ , and then press y ƒ to turn on alpha-lock. Press [ S ] [ E ] [ Q ], and then press ƒ to turn off alpha-lock. Press 1 to complete the list name. 5. Press Í to generate the list and store it in SEQ1 . The list is displayed on the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Lists 285 7. Press to display the MATH menu. Press 1 to select 1: 4 Frac , which pastes 4 Frac to the current cursor location. 8. Press Í to show the sequence in fraction form. Press ~ repeatedly (or press and hold ~ ) to scroll the list and view all the list elements.
TI-83 Plus Lists 286 Naming Lists Using TI-83 Plus List Names L 1 through L 6 The TI-83 Plus has six list names in memory: L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , and L 6 . The list names L 1 through L 6 are on the keyboard above the numeric keys À through ¸ .
TI-83 Plus Lists 287 4. Enter zero to four letters, q , or numbers to complete the name. 5. Press Í . The list is displayed on the next line. The list name and its elements are stored in memory.
TI-83 Plus Lists 288 Storing and Displaying Lists Storing Elements to a List You can store list elements in either of two ways. • Use braces and ¿ on the home screen. • Use the stat list editor (Chapter 12). The maximum dimension of a list is 999 elements.
TI-83 Plus Lists 289 Copying One List to Another To copy a list, store it to another list. Accessing a List Element You can store a value to or recall a value from a specific list element . You can store to any element within the current list dimension or one element beyond.
TI-83 Plus Lists 290 Using Lists in Graphing You can use lists to graph a family of curves (Chapter 3)..
TI-83 Plus Lists 291 Entering List Names Using the LIST NAMES Menu To display the LIST NAMES menu, press y 9 . Each item is a user- created list name. LIST NAMES menu items are sorted automatically in alphanumerical order. Only the first 10 items are labeled, using 1 through 9 , then 0 .
TI-83 Plus Lists 292 • The Ù symbol does not precede a list name when the name is pasted where a list name is the only valid input, such as the stat list editor’s Name= prompt or the stat plot editor’s XList: and YList: prompts. Entering a User-Created List Name Directly To enter an existing list name directly, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Lists 293 Attaching Formulas to List Names Attaching a Formula to a List Name You can attach a formula to a list name so that each list element is a result of the formula.
TI-83 Plus Lists 294 The next screen shows another list, L 4 . The elements of L 4 are the sum of the same formula that is attached to L 3 . However, quotation marks are not entered, so the formula is not attached to L 4 . On the next line, L 6 ! L 3 (1):L 3 changes the first element in L 3 to L 6 , and then redisplays L 3 .
TI-83 Plus Lists 295 1. Press ƒ [ ã ], enter the formula (which must resolve to a list), and press ƒ [ ã ] again. Note: When you include more than one list name in a formula, each list must have the same dimension. 2. Press ¿ . 3. Enter the name of the list to which you want to attach the formula.
TI-83 Plus Lists 296 Detaching a Formula from a List You can detach (clear) an attached formula from a list in several ways. For example: • Enter "" ! listname on the home screen. • Edit any element of a list to which a formula is attached.
TI-83 Plus Lists 297 Using Lists in Expressions Using a List in an Expression You can use lists in an expression in any of three ways. When you press Í , any expression is evaluated for each list element, and a list is displayed. • Use L 1 – L 6 or any user-created list name in an expression.
TI-83 Plus Lists 298 Using Lists with Math Functions You can use a list to input several values for some math functions. Other chapters and Appendix A specify whether a list is valid. The function is evaluated for each list element, and a list is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Lists 299 LIST OPS Menu LIST OPS Menu To display the LIST OPS menu, press y 9 ~ . NAMES OPS MATH 1: SortA( Sorts lists in ascending order. 2: SortD( Sorts lists in descending order. 3: dim( Sets the list dimension. 4: Fill( Fills all elements with a constant.
TI-83 Plus Lists 300 With one list, SortA( and SortD( sort the elements of listname and update the list in memory. SortA( listname ) SortD( listname ) With two or more lists, SortA( and SortD( sort keylistname , and then sort each dependlist by placing its elements in the same order as the corresponding elements in keylistname .
TI-83 Plus Lists 301 Using dim( to Find List Dimensions dim( (dimension) returns the length (number of elements) of list . dim( list ) Using dim( to Create a List You can use dim( with ¿ to create a new listname with dimension length from 1 to 999. The elements are zeros.
TI-83 Plus Lists 302 length ! dim( listname ) Fill( Fill( replaces each element in listname with value . Fill( value , listname ) Note: dim( and Fill( are the same as dim( and Fill( on the MATRX MATH menu (Chapter 10).
TI-83 Plus Lists 303 seq( expression , variable , begin , end [ , increment ] ) cumSum( cumSum( (cumulative sum) returns the cumulative sums of the elements in list , starting with the first element.
TI-83 Plus Lists 304 Select( Select( selects one or more specific data points from a scatter plot or xyLine plot (only), and then stores the selected data points to two new lists, xlistname and ylistname . For example, you can use Select( to select and then analyze a portion of plotted CBL 2™/ CBL ™ or CBR ™ data.
TI-83 Plus Lists 305 Using Select( to Select Data Points from a Plot To select data points from a scatter plot or xyLine plot, follow these steps. 1. Press y 9 ~ 8 to select 8:Select( from the LIST OPS menu.
TI-83 Plus Lists 306 5. Press | and ~ to move the cursor to the stat plot data point that you want as the left bound. 6. Press Í . A 4 indicator on the graph screen shows the left bound.
TI-83 Plus Lists 307 The x-values and y-values of the selected points are stored in xlistname and ylistname . A new stat plot of xlistname and ylistname replaces the stat plot from which you selected data points. The list names are updated in the stat plot editor.
TI-83 Plus Lists 308 List 4 matr( List 4 matr( (lists stored to matrix) fills matrixname column by column with the elements from each list. If the dimensions of all lists are not equal, then List 4 matr( fills each extra matrixname row with 0 . Complex lists are not valid.
TI-83 Plus Lists 309 & Matr 4 list( also fills a listname with elements from a specified column# in matrix . To fill a list with a specific column from matrix , you must enter a column# after matrix . Matr 4 list( matrix , column# , listname ) & Ù preceding one to five characters identifies those characters as a user- created listname .
TI-83 Plus Lists 310 Ù need not precede a user-created list name where a list name is the only valid input, for example, at the Name= prompt in the stat list editor or the Xlist: and Ylist: prompts in the stat plot editor. If you enter Ù where it is not necessary, the TI-83 Plus will ignore the entry.
TI-83 Plus Lists 311 LIST MATH Menu LIST MATH Menu To display the LIST MATH menu, press y 9 | . NAMES OPS MATH 1:min( Returns minimum element of a list. 2:max( Returns maximum element of a list. 3:mean( Returns mean of a list. 4:median( Returns median of a list.
TI-83 Plus Lists 312 min( listA [ , listB ] ) max( listA [ , listB ] ) Note: min( and max( are the same as min( and max( on the MATH NUM menu. mean(, median( mean( returns the mean value of list . median( returns the median value of list . The default value for freqlist is 1.
TI-83 Plus Lists 313 sum(, prod( sum( (summation) returns the sum of the elements in list . start and end are optional; they specify a range of elements. list elements can be real or complex numbers. prod( returns the product of all elements of list .
TI-83 Plus Lists 314 To evaluate G 2 (N–1) from N=1 to 4: stdDev(, variance( stdDev( returns the standard deviation of the elements in list . The default value for freqlist is 1. Each freqlist element counts the number of consecutive occurrences of the corresponding element in list .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 315 Chapter 12: Statistics Getting Started: Pendulum Lengths and Periods Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. A group of students is attempting to determine the mathematical relationship between the length of a pendulum and its period (one complete swing of a pendulum).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 316 1. Press z † † † Í to set Func graphing mode. 2. Press … 5 to select 5:SetUpEditor . SetUpEditor is pasted to the home screen. Press Í . This removes lists from stat list editor columns 1 through 20 , and then stores lists L 1 through L 6 in columns 1 through 6 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 317 5. Press ~ to move the rectangular cursor to the first row in L 2 . Press Ë 51 Í to store the first time measurement (.51 sec) in L 2 . The rectangular cursor moves to the next row. Repeat this step to enter each of the 12 time values in the table.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 318 8. Press Í to select On , which turns on plot 1. Press † Í to select " (scatter plot). Press † y d to specify Xlist:L 1 for plot 1. Press † y e to specify Ylist:L 2 for plot 1. Press † ~ Í to select + as the Mark for each data point on the scatter plot.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 319 11. Press y d ¢ y e ¢ . Press ~ 1 to display the VARS Y . VARS FUNCTION secondary menu, and then press 1 to select 1:Y 1 . L 1 , L 2 , and Y 1 are pasted to the home screen as arguments to LinReg(ax+b) . 12. Pr ess Í to execute LinReg(ax+b) .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 320 14. Press … 1 to select 1:Edit . The stat list editor is displayed. Press ~ and } to move the cursor onto L 3 . Press y 6 . An unnamed column is displayed in column 3 ; L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , and L 6 shift right one column. The Name= prompt is displayed in the entry line, and alpha-lock is on.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 321 17. Press Í . RESID is stored in column 3 of the stat list editor. Press † repeatedly to examine the residuals. Notice that the first three residuals are negative. They correspond to the shortest pendulum string lengths in L 1 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 322 20. Press o to display the Y= editor. Press | to move the cursor onto the = sign, and then press Í to deselect Y 1 . Press } Í to turn off plot 1. 21. Press q 9 to select 9:ZoomStat from the ZOOM menu. The window variables are adjusted automatically, and plot 2 is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 323 23. Press q 9 to select 9:ZoomStat from the ZOOM menu. The window variables are adjusted automatically, and the original scatter plot of time-versus-length data (plot 1) is displayed. 24. Press … ~ ƒ [ A ] to select A:PwrReg from the STAT CALC menu.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 324 26. Press s . The regression line and the scatter plot are displayed. The new function y=.192x . 522 appears to fit the data well. To get more information, examine a residual plot. 27. Press o to display the Y= editor. Press | Í to deselect Y 1 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 325 To see the magnitudes of the residuals, continue with these steps. 29. Press r . Press ~ and | to trace the data. Observe the values for Y at each point. With this model, the largest positive residual is about 0.041 and the smallest negative residual is about L 0.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 326 31. Press £ 20 ¤ to enter a string length of 20 cm. Press Í to calculate the predicted time of about 0.92 seconds. Based on the residual analysis, we would expect the prediction of about 0.92 seconds to be within about 0.02 seconds of the actual value.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 327 32. Pr ess y [ to recall the Last Entry. Press | | | 5 to change the string length to 50 cm. 33. Press Í to calculate the predicted time of about 1.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 328 Setting Up Statistical Analyses Using Lists to Store Data Data for statistical analyses is stored in lists, which you can create and edit using the stat list editor. The TI-83 Plus has six list variables in memory, L 1 through L 6 , to which you can store data for statistical calculations.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 329 Displaying the Stat List Editor The stat list editor is a table where you can store, edit, and view up to 20 lists that are in memory. Also, you can create list names from the stat list editor. To display the stat list editor, press … , and then select 1:Edit from the STAT EDIT menu.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 330 Using the Stat List Editor Entering a List Name in the Stat List Editor To enter a list name in the stat list editor, follow these steps. 1. Display the Name= prompt in the entry line in either of two ways. • Move the cursor onto the list name in the column where you want to insert a list, and then press y 6 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 331 2. Enter a valid list name in any of four ways. • Select a name from the LIST NAMES menu (Chapter 11). • Enter L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4 , L 5 , or L 6 from the keyboard. • Enter an existing user-created list name directly from the keyboard.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 332 Creating a Name in the Stat List Editor To create a name in the stat list editor, follow these steps. 1. Display the Name= prompt. 2. Press [ letter from A to Z or q ] to enter the first letter of the name. The first character cannot be a number.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 333 Removing All Lists and Restoring L 1 through L 6 You can remove all user-created lists from the stat list editor and restore list names L 1 through L 6 to columns 1 through 6 in either of two ways. • Use SetUpEditor with no arguments.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 334 Editing a List Element To edit a list element, follow these steps. 1. Move the rectangular cursor onto the element you want to edit. 2. Press Í to move the cursor to the entry line. Note: If you want to replace the current value, you can enter a new value without first pressing Í .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 335 Note: You can enter expressions and variables for elements. 4. Press Í , } , or † to update the list. If you entered an expression, it is evaluated. If you entered only a variable, the stored value is displayed as a list element.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 336 Attaching Formulas to List Names Attaching a Formula to a List Name in Stat List Editor You can attach a formula to a list name in the stat list editor, and then display and edit the calculated list elements. When executed, the attached formula must resolve to a list.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 337 4. Press ƒ [ ã ], enter the formula, and press ƒ [ ã ]. Note: If you do not use quotation marks, the TI-83 Plus calculates and displays the same initial list of answers, but does not attach the formula for future calculations.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 338 Using the Stat List Editor When Formula-Generated Lists Are Displayed When you edit an element of a list referenced in an attached formula, the TI-83 Plus updates the corresponding element in the list to which the formula is attached (Chapter 11).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 339 Handling Errors Resulting from Attached Formulas On the home screen, you can attach to a list a formula that references another list with dimension 0 (Chapter 11).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 340 Detaching Formulas from List Names Detaching a Formula from a List Name You can detach (clear) a formula from a list name in several ways. For example: • In the stat list editor, move the cursor onto the name of the list to which a formula is attached.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 341 Editing an Element of a Formula-Generated List As described above, one way to detach a formula from a list name is to edit an element of the list to which the formula is attached. The TI-83 Plus protects against inadvertently detaching the formula from the list name by editing an element of the formula-generated list.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 342 Switching Stat List Editor Contexts Stat List Editor Contexts The stat list editor has four contexts. • View-elements context • Edit-elements context • View-names context • Enter-name context The stat list editor is first displayed in view-elements context.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 343 3. Press Í again. You are now in view-elements context. Press ~ , | , † , and } to view other list elements. The current element’s full value is displayed in the entry line. 4. Press Í again. You are now in edit-elements context.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 344 Stat List Editor Contexts View-Elements Context In view-elements context, the entry line displays the list name, the current element’s place in that list, and the full value of the current element, up to 12 characters at a time.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 345 • When you switch to edit-elements context from view-elements context, the full value of the current element is displayed. You can edit the value of this element, and then press † and } to edit other list elements.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 346 View-Names Context In view-names context, the entry line displays the list name and the list elements. To remove a list from the stat list editor, press { . Remaining lists shift to the left one column. The list is not deleted from memory.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 347 To leave enter-name context without entering a list name, press ‘ . The stat list editor switches to view-names context..
TI-83 Plus Statistics 348 STAT EDIT Menu STAT EDIT Menu To display the STAT EDIT menu, press … . EDIT CALC TESTS 1:Edit ... Displays the stat list editor. 2:SortA( Sorts a list in ascending order. 3:SortD( Sorts a list in descending order. 4:ClrList Deletes all elements of a list.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 349 • With two or more lists, SortA( and SortD( sort keylistname , and then sort each dependlist by placing its elements in the same order as the corresponding elements in keylistname . This lets you sort two-variable data on X and keep the data pairs together.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 350 SetUpEditor With SetUpEditor you can set up the stat list editor to display one or more listnames in the order that you specify.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 351 Restoring L 1 through L 6 to the Stat List Editor SetUpEditor with no listnames removes all list names from the stat list editor and restores list names L 1 through L 6 in the stat list editor columns 1 through 6 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 352 Regression Model Features Regression Model Features STAT CALC menu items 3 through C are regression models. The automatic residual list and automatic regression equation features apply to all regression models. Diagnostics display mode applies to some regression models.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 353 Automatic Regression Equation Each regression model has an optional argument, regequ , for which you can specify a Y= variable such as Y 1 . Upon execution, the regression equation is stored automatically to the specified Y= variable and the Y= function is selected.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 354 Diagnostics Display Mode When you execute some regression models, the TI-83 Plus computes and stores diagnostics values for r (correlation coefficient) and r 2 (coefficient of determination) or for R 2 (coefficient of determination).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 355 Note: To set DiagnosticOn or DiagnosticOff from the home screen, press y N , and then select the instruction for the mode you want. The instruction is pasted to the home screen. Press Í to set the mode. When DiagnosticOn is set, diagnostics are displayed with the results when you execute a regression model.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 356 STAT CALC Menu STAT CALC Menu To display the STAT CALC menu, press … ~ . EDIT CALC TESTS 1:1-Var Stats Calculates 1-variable statistics. 2:2-Var Stats Calculates 2-variable statistics. 3:Med-Med Calculates a median-median line.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 357 Frequency of Occurrence for Data Points For most STAT CALC menu items, you can specify a list of data occurrences, or frequencies ( freqlist ). Each element in freqlist indicates how many times the corresponding data point or data pair occurs in the data set you are analyzing.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 358 1 . Var Stats [ Xlistname , freqlist ] 2 . Var Stats 2 . Var Stats (two-variable statistics) analyzes paired data. Xlistname is the independent variable. Ylistname is the dependent variable. Each element in freqlist is the frequency of occurrence for each data pair ( Xlistname,Ylistname ).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 359 LinReg (ax+b) LinReg(ax+b) (linear regression) fits the model equation y=ax+b to the data using a least-squares fit. It displays values for a (slope) and b (y-intercept); when DiagnosticOn is set, it also displays values for r 2 and r .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 360 CubicReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , freqlist , regequ ] QuartReg—(ax 4 +bx 3 +cx 2 + dx+e) QuartReg (quartic regression) fits the fourth-degree polynomial y=ax 4 +bx 3 +cx 2 +dx+e to the data. It displays values for a , b , c , d , and e ; when DiagnosticOn is set, it also displays a value for R 2 .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 361 LnReg [ Xlistname , Ylistname , freqlist , regequ ] ExpReg—(ab x ) ExpReg (exponential regression) fits the model equation y=ab x to the data using a least-squares fit and transformed values x and ln(y). It displays values for a and b ; when DiagnosticOn is set, it also displays values for r 2 and r .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 362 SinReg—a sin(bx+c)+d SinReg (sinusoidal regression) fits the model equation y=a sin(bx+c)+d to the data using an iterative least-squares fit. It displays values for a , b , c , and d . At least four data points are required.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 363 SinReg Ex am pl e: Daylight Hours in Alaska for One Year Compute the regression model for the number of hours of daylight in Alaska during one year. & & With noisy data, you will achieve better convergence results when you specify an accurate estimate for period .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 364 • Plot the data and trace to determine the x-distance between the beginning and end of N complete periods, or cycles. Then divide the total distance by N. After your first attempt to use SinReg and the default value for iterations to fit the data, you may find the fit to be approximately correct, but not optimal.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 365 Statistical Variables The statistical variables are calculated and stored as indicated below. To access these variables for use in expressions, press , and select 5:Statistics . Then select the VARS menu shown in the column below under VARS menu.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 366 Variables 1 . Var Stats 2 . Var Stats Other VARS menu maximum of x values maxX maxX XY minimum of y values minY XY maximum of y values maxY XY 1st quartile Q 1 PTS median Med.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 367 Statistical Analysis in a Program Entering Stat Data You can enter statistical data, calculate statistical results, and fit models to data from a program. You can enter statistical data into lists directly within the program (Chapter 11).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 368 Statistical Plotting Steps for Plotting Statistical Data in Lists You can plot statistical data that is stored in lists. The six types of plots available are scatter plot, xyLine, histogram, modified box plot, regular box plot, and normal probability plot.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 369 " (Scatter) Scatter plots plot the data points from Xlist and Ylist as coordinate pairs, showing each point as a box ( › ), cross ( + ), or dot ( ¦ ). Xlist and Ylist must be the same length. You can use the same list for Xlist and Ylist .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 370 Ò (Histogram) Histogram plots one-variable data. The Xscl window variable value determines the width of each bar, beginning at Xmin . ZoomStat adjusts Xmin , Xmax , Ymin , and Ymax to include all values, and also adjusts Xscl .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 371 The prompt for outlier points is x= , except when the outlier is the maximum point ( maxX ) or the minimum point ( minX ). When outliers exist, the end of each whisker will display x= . When no outliers exist, minX and maxX are the prompts for the end of each whisker.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 372 Box plots are plotted with respect to Xmin and Xmax , but ignore Ymin and Ymax . When two box plots are plotted, the first one plots at the top of the screen and the second plots in the middle. When three are plotted, the first one plots at the top, the second in the middle, and the third at the bottom.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 373 Defining the Plots To define a plot, follow these steps. 1. Press y , . The STAT PLOTS menu is displayed with the current plot definitions. 2. Select the plot you want to use. The stat plot editor is displayed for the plot you selected.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 374 3. Press Í to select On if you want to plot the statistical data immediately. The definition is stored whether you select On or Off .
TI-83 Plus Statistics 375 • Freq (frequency list for Xlist elements; default is 1 ) • Data List (list name for NormProbPlot ) • Data Axis (axis on which to plot Data List ) Displaying Other Stat Plot Editors Each stat plot has a unique stat plot editor.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 376 PlotsOff [ 1,2,3 ] PlotsOn [ 1,2,3 ] Note: You also can turn on and turn off stat plots in the top line of the Y= editor (Chapter 3). Defining the Viewing Window Stat plots are displayed on the current graph. To define the viewing window, press p and enter values for the window variables.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 377 When you trace a box plot, tracing begins at Med (the median). Press | to trace to Q 1 and minX . Press ~ to trace to Q 3 and maxX . When you press } or † to move to another plot or to another Y= function, tracing moves to the current or beginning point on that plot (not the nearest pixel).
TI-83 Plus Statistics 378 Statistical Plotting in a Program Defining a Stat Plot in a Program To display a stat plot from a program, define the plot, and then display the graph. To define a stat plot from a program, begin on a blank line in the program editor and enter data into one or more lists; then, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 379 3. Press y , ~ to display the STAT TYPE menu. 4. Select the type of plot, which pastes the name of the plot type to the cursor location. 5. Press ¢ . Enter the list names, separated by commas. 6. Press ¢ y , | to display the STAT PLOT MARK menu.
TI-83 Plus Statistics 380 7. Press ¤ Í to complete the command line. Displaying a Stat Plot from a Program To display a plot from a program, use the DispGraph instruction (Chapter 16) or any of the ZOOM instructions (Chapter 3).
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 381 Chapter 13: Inferential Statistics and Distributions Getting Started: Mean Height of a Population Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Suppose you want to estimate the mean height of a population of women given the random sample below.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 382 1. Press … Í to display the stat list editor. Press } to move the cursor onto L 1 , and then press y 6 . The Name= prompt is displayed on the bottom line. The Ø cursor indicates that alpha-lock is on.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 383 Enter the other nine height values the same way. 4. Press … | to display the STAT TESTS menu, and then press † until 8:TInterval is highlighted. 5. Press Í to select 8:TInterval . The inferential stat editor for TInterval is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 384 Interpret the results. The first line, (159.74,173.94) , shows that the 99 percent confidence interval for the population mean is between about 159.74 centimeters and 173.94 centimeters. This is about a 14.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 385 8. Press † 163 Ë 8 Í to store 163.8 to ü . Press 7 Ë 1 Í to store 7.1 to Sx . Press 90 Í to store 90 to n . 9. Press † to move the cursor onto Calculate , and then press Í to calculate the new 99 percent confidence interval.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 386 11. Press 3 to paste invNorm( to the home screen. Press Ë 95 ¢ 165 Ë 1 ¢ 6 Ë 35 ¤ Í . .95 is the area, 165.1 is µ , and 6.35 is σ . The result is displayed on the home screen; it shows that five percent of the women are taller than 175.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 387 14. Press Í to paste ShadeNorm( to the home screen. Press y Z ¢ 1 y D 99 ¢ 165 Ë 1 ¢ 6 Ë 35 ¤ . Ans (175.5448205 from step 11) is the lower bound. 1 å 99 is the upper bound. The normal curve is defined by a mean µ of 165.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 388 Inferential Stat Editors Displaying the Inferential Stat Editors When you select a hypothesis test or confidence interval instruction from the home screen, the appropriate inferential statistics editor is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 389 3. Enter real numbers, list names, or expressions for each argument in the editor. 4. Select the alternative hypothesis ( ƒ , < , or > ) against which to test, if the selection is available.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 390 Selecting Data or Stats Most inferential stat editors prompt you to select one of two types of input. ( 1 . PropZInt and 2 . PropZTest , 1 . PropZInt and 2 . PropZInt , c 2 . Test , and LinRegTTest do not.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 391 Selecting an Alternative Hypothesis ( ƒ < >) Most of the inferential stat editors for the hypothesis tests prompt you to select one of three alternative hypotheses. • The first is a ƒ alternative hypothesis, such as mƒm 0 for the Z .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 392 Selecting Calculate or Draw for a Hypothesis Test After you have entered all arguments in an inferential stat editor for a hypothesis test, you must select whether you want to see the calculated results on the home screen ( Calculate ) or on the graph screen ( Draw ).
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 393 Bypassing the Inferential Stat Editors To paste a hypothesis test or confidence interval instruction to the home screen without displaying the corresponding inferential stat editor, select the instruction you want from the CATALOG menu.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 394 STAT TESTS Menu STAT TESTS Menu To display the STAT TESTS menu, press … | . When you select an inferential statistics instruction, the appropriate inferential stat editor is displayed. Most STAT TESTS instructions store some output variables to memory.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 395 EDIT CALC TESTS E: LinRegTTest... t test for regression slope and r F: ANOVA( One-way analysis of variance Note: When a new test or interval is computed, all previous output variables are invalidated.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 396 Z . Test Z . Test (one-sample z test; item 1 ) performs a hypothesis test for a single unknown population mean m when the population standard deviation s is known. It tests the null hypothesis H 0 : m = m 0 against one of the alternatives below.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 397 Data Stats Calculated results: ,, Drawn results: Note: All STAT TESTS examples assume a fixed-decimal mode setting of 4 (Chapter 1). If you set the decimal mode to Float or a different fixed-decimal setting, your output may differ from the output in the examples.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 398 In the example: TEST={91.9 97.8 111.4 122.3 105.4 95} Data Stats Input: ,, Calculated results: ,, Drawn results:.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 399 2 . SampZTest 2 . SampZTest (two-sample z test; item 3 ) tests the equality of the means of two populations ( m 1 and m 2 ) based on independent samples when both population standard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are known.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 400 Calculated results: , , Drawn results: 2 . SampTTest 2 . SampTTest (two-sample t test; item 4 ) tests the equality of the means of two populations ( m 1 and m 2 ) based on independent samples when neither population standard deviation ( s 1 or s 2 ) is known.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 401 In the example: SAMP1={12.207 16.869 25.05 22.429 8.456 10.589} SAMP2={11.074 9.686 12.064 9.351 8.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 402 Drawn results: 1 . PropZTest 1 . PropZTest (one-proportion z test; item 5 ) computes a test for an unknown proportion of successes (prop). It takes as input the count of successes in the sample x and the count of observations in the sample n .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 403 Calculated results: , Drawn results: 2 . PropZTest 2 . PropZTest (two-proportion z test; item 6 ) computes a test to compare the proportion of successes ( p 1 and p 2 ) from two populations.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 404 Input: , Calculated results: , Drawn results:.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 405 ZInterval ZInterval (one-sample z confidence interval; item 7 ) computes a confidence interval for an unknown population mean m when the population standard deviation s is known. The computed confidence interval depends on the user-specified confidence level.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 406 TInterval TInterval (one-sample t confidence interval; item 8 ) computes a confidence interval for an unknown population mean m when the population standard deviation s is unknown. The computed confidence interval depends on the user-specified confidence level.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 407 2 . SampZInt 2 . SampZInt (two-sample z confidence interval; item 9 ) computes a confidence interval f o r the difference between two population means ( m 1 Nm 2 ) when both population standard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are known.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 408 Calculated results: 2 . SampTInt 2 . SampTInt (two-sample t confidence interval; item 0 ) computes a confidence interval for the difference between two population means ( m 1 Nm 2 ) when both population standard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ) are unknown.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 409 Data Stats Input: ,, Calculated results:.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 410 1 . PropZInt 1 . PropZInt (one-proportion z confidence interval; item A ) computes a confidence interval for an unknown proportion of successes. It takes as input the count of successes in the sample x and the count of observations in the sample n .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 411 2 . PropZInt 2 . PropZInt (two-proportion z confidence interval; item B ) computes a confidence interval for the difference between the proportion of successes in two populations (p 1 N p 2 ).
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 412 c 2 . Test c 2 . Test (chi-square test; item C ) computes a chi-square test for association on the two-way table of counts in the specified Observed matrix. The null hypothesis H 0 for a two-way table is: no association exists between row variables and column variables.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 413 , Note: Press y [B] Í to display matrix [B] . Calculated results: , Drawn results:.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 414 2 . Samp Ü Test 2 . Samp Ü Test (two-sample Û -test; item D ) computes an Û -test to compare two normal population standard deviations ( s 1 and s 2 ). The population means and standard deviations are all unknown.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 415 Calculated results: ,, Drawn results: LinRegTTest LinRegTTest (linear regression t test; item E ) computes a linear regression on the given data and a t test on the value of slope b and the correlation coefficient r for the equation y = a + b x.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 416 The regression equation is automatically stored to RegEQ ( VARS Statistics EQ secondary menu). If you enter a Y= variable name at the RegEQ: prompt, the calculated regression equation is automatically stored to the specified Y= equation.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 417 When LinRegTTest is executed, the list of residuals is created and stored to the list name RESID automatically.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 418 Input: , Calculated results: Note: SS is sum of squares and MS is mean square..
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 419 Inferential Statistics Input Descriptions The tables in this section describe the inferential statistics inputs discussed in this chapter. You enter values for these inputs in the inferential stat editors.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 420 Input Description s 2 The known population standard deviation from the second population for the two-sample tests and intervals. Must be a real number > 0. List1 , List2 The names of the lists containing the data you are testing for the two-sample tests and intervals.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 421 Input Description x2 The count of successes from sample two for the 2 . PropZTest and 2 . PropZInt . Must be an integer ‚ 0. n1 The count of observations in sample one for the 2 . PropZTest and 2 .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 422 Test and Interval Output Variables The inferential statistics variables are calculated as indicated below. To access these variables for use in expressions, press , 5 ( 5:Statistics ), and then select the VARS menu listed in the last column below.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 423 Variables Tests Intervals LinRegTTest ANOVA VARS Menu confidence interval pair lower, upper TEST mean of x values vv XY sample standard deviatio.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 424 Distribution Functions DISTR menu To display the DISTR menu, press y = . DISTR DRAW 1:normalpdf( Normal probability density 2:normalcdf( Normal .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 425 normalpdf( normalpdf( computes the probability density function ( pdf ) for the normal distribution at a specified x value. The defaults are mean m =0 and standard deviation s =1. To plot the normal distribution, paste normalpdf( to the Y= editor.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 426 normalcdf( normalcdf( computes the normal distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified mean m and standard deviation s .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 427 tpdf( tpdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the Student- t distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be >0. To plot the Student- t distribution, paste tpdf( to the Y= editor.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 428 tcdf( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) c 2 pdf( c 2 pdf( computes the probability density function (pdf) for the c 2 (chi-square) distribution at a specified x value. df (degrees of freedom) must be an integer > 0.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 429 c 2 cdf( c 2 cdf( computes the c 2 (chi-square) distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified df (degrees of freedom), which must be an integer > 0.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 430 Ü pdf( x , numerator df , denominator df ) Note: For this example, Xmin = 0 Xmax = 5 Ymin = 0 Ymax = 1 Ü cdf( Ü cdf( computes the Û distribution probability between lowerbound and upperbound for the specified numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 431 probabilities from 0 to numtrials is returned. The probability density function (pdf) is: n x p p x n x f x n x , , 1 , 0 , ) 1 ( ) ( K = − .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 432 poissonpdf( poissonpdf( computes a probability at x for the discrete Poisson distribution with the specified mean m , which must be a real number > 0. x can be an integer or a list of integers.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 433 geometpdf( geometpdf( computes a probability at x , the number of the trial on which the first success occurs, for the discrete geometric distribution with the specified probability of success p .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 434 Distribution Shading DISTR DRAW Menu To display the DISTR DRAW menu, press y = ~ . DISTR DRAW instructions draw various types of density functions, shade the area specified by lowerbound and upperbound , and display the computed area value.
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 435 ShadeNorm( ShadeNorm( draws the normal density function specified by mean m and standard deviation s and shades the area between lowerbound and upperbound . The defaults are m =0 and s =1. ShadeNorm( lowerbound , upperbound [ , m , s ] ) Note: For this example, Xmin = 55 Xmax = 72 Ymin = L .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 436 Shade_t( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) Note: For this example, Xmin = L 3 Xmax = 3 Ymin = L .15 Ymax = .5 Shade c 2 ( Shade c 2 ( draws the density function for t h e c 2 (chi-square) distribution specified by df (degrees of freedom) and shades the area between lowerbound and upperbound .
TI-83 Plus Inferential Statistics and Distributions 437 Shade Ü ( Shade Ü ( draws the density function for the Û distribution specified by numerator df (degrees of freedom) and denominator df and shades the area between lowerbound and upperbound .
TI-83 Plus Applications 438 Chapter 14: Applications The Applications Menu The TI-83 Plus comes with Finance and CBL à CBR applications already listed on the APPLICATIONS menu. Except for the Finance application, you can add and remove applications as space permits.
TI-83 Plus Applications 439 Steps for Running the Finance Application Follow these basic steps when using the Finance application. Select the Finance application.
TI-83 Plus Applications 440 Getting Started: Financing a Car Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. You have found a car you would like to buy. The car costs 9,000. You can afford payments of 250 per month for four years.
TI-83 Plus Applications 441 Press 12 Í to store 12 payments per year to P/Y and 12 compounding periods per year to C/Y . Setting P/Y to 12 will compute an annual percentage rate (compounded monthly) for æ . Press † Í to select PMT:END , which indicates that payments are due at the end of each period.
TI-83 Plus Applications 442 Getting Started: Computing Compound Interest At what annual interest rate, compounded monthly, will 1,250 accumulate to 2,000 in 7 years? Note: Because there are no payments when you solve compound interest problems, PMT must be set to 0 and P/Y must be set to 1 .
TI-83 Plus Applications 443 3. Press } } } } } to place the cursor on the æ prompt. 4. Press ƒ to solve for æ , the annual interest rate..
TI-83 Plus Applications 444 Using the TVM Solver Using the TVM Solver The TVM Solver displays the time-value-of-money ( TVM ) variables. Given four variable values, the TVM Solver solves for the fifth variable. The FINANCE VARS menu section describes the five TVM variables ( Ú , æ , PV , PMT , and FV ) and P/Y and C/Y .
TI-83 Plus Applications 445 2. Enter the known values for four TVM variables. Note: Enter cash inflows as positive numbers and cash outflows as negative numbers. 3. Enter a value for P/Y , which automatically enters the same value for C/Y ; if P/Y ƒ C/Y , enter a unique value for C/Y .
TI-83 Plus Applications 446 Using the Financial Functions Entering Cash Inflows and Cash Outflows When using the TI-83 Plus financial functions, you must enter cash inflows (cash received) as positive numbers and cash outflows (cash paid) as negative numbers.
TI-83 Plus Applications 447 CALC VARS B: 4 Nom( Computes the nominal interest rate. C: 4 Eff( Computes the effective interest rate. D: dbd( Calculates the days between two dates. E: Pmt_End Selects ordinary annuity (end of period). F: Pmt_Bgn Selects annuity due (beginning of period).
TI-83 Plus Applications 448 Calculating Time Value of Money (TVM) Calculating Time Value of Money Use time-value-of-money ( TVM ) functions (menu items 2 through 6 ) to analyze financial instruments such as annuities, loans, mortgages, leases, and savings.
TI-83 Plus Applications 449 tvm_Pmt tvm_Pmt computes the amount of each payment. tvm_Pmt [ ( Ú , æ , PV , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] Note: In the example above, the values are stored to the TVM variables in the TVM Solver . Then the payment ( tvm_Pmt ) is computed on the home screen using the values in the TVM Solver .
TI-83 Plus Applications 450 tvm_PV tvm_PV computes the present value. tvm_PV [ ( Ú , æ , PMT , FV , P/Y , C/Y ) ] tvm_ Ú tvm_ Ú computes the number of payment periods.
TI-83 Plus Applications 451 tvm_FV tvm_FV computes the future value. tvm_FV [ ( Ú , æ , PV , PMT , P/Y , C/Y ) ].
TI-83 Plus Applications 452 Calculating Cash Flows Calculating a Cash Flow Use the cash flow functions (menu items 7 and 8 ) to analyze the value of money over equal time periods. You can enter unequal cash flows, which can be cash inflows or outflows.
TI-83 Plus Applications 453 CF0 = 2000 CFList = {2000, L 3000,4000} CFFreq = {2,1,2} npv(, irr( npv( (net present value) is the sum of the present values for the cash inflows and outflows.
TI-83 Plus Applications 454 Calculating Amortization Calculating an Amortization Schedule Use the amortization functions (menu items 9 , 0 , and A ) to calculate balance, sum of principal, and sum of interest for an amortization schedule. bal( bal( computes the balance for an amortization schedule using stored values for æ , PV , and PMT .
TI-83 Plus Applications 455 G Prn(, G Int( G Prn( computes the sum of the principal during a specified period for an amortization schedule using stored values for æ , PV , and PMT . pmt1 is the starting payment. pmt2 is the ending payment in the range.
TI-83 Plus Applications 456 Amortization Example: Calculating an Outstanding Loan Balance You want to buy a home with a 30-year mortgage at 8 percent APR. Monthly payments are 800. Calculate the outstanding loan balance after each payment and display the results in a graph and in the table.
TI-83 Plus Applications 457 4. Press } } } } } to place the cursor on the PV prompt. Press ƒ to solve for the present value. 5. Press o to display the parametric Y= editor. Turn off all stat plots. Press „ to define X 1T as T . Press † Œ Í 9 „¤ to define Y 1T as bal(T) .
TI-83 Plus Applications 458 9. Press y 0 to display the table of outstanding balances ( Y 1T ). 10. Press z † † † † † † † ~ ~ Í to select G . T split-screen mode, in which the graph and table are displayed simultaneously. Press r to display X 1T (time) and Y 1T (balance) in the table.
TI-83 Plus Applications 459 Calculating Interest Conversion Calculating an Interest Conversion Use the interest conversion functions (menu items B and C ) to convert interest rates from an annual effective rate to a nominal rate ( 4 Nom( ) or from a nominal rate to an annual effective rate ( 4 Eff( ).
TI-83 Plus Applications 460 Finding Days between Dates/Defining Payment Method dbd( Use the date function dbd( (menu item D ) to calculate the number of days between two dates using the actual-day-count method. date1 and date2 can be numbers or lists of numbers within the range of the dates on the standard calendar.
TI-83 Plus Applications 461 Defining the Payment Method Pmt_End and Pmt_Bgn (menu items E and F ) specify a transaction as an ordinary annuity or an annuity due. When you execute either command, the TVM Solver is updated. Pmt_End Pmt_End (payment end) specifies an ordinary annuity, where payments occur at the end of each payment period.
TI-83 Plus Applications 462 Using the TVM Variables FINANCE VARS Menu To display the FINANCE VARS menu, press Œ Í ~ . You can use TVM variables in TVM functions and store values to them on the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Applications 463 P/Y and C/Y P/Y is the number of payment periods per year in a financial transaction. C/Y is the number of compounding periods per year in the same transaction. When you store a value to P/Y , the value for C/Y automatically changes to the same value.
TI-83 Plus Applications 464 The CBL/CBR Application The CBL/CBR application allows you to collect real world data. The TI-83 Plus comes with the CBL à CBR application already listed on the APPLICATIONS menu ( 9 2 ). Steps for Running the CBL à CBR Application Follow these basic steps when using the CBL à CBR application.
TI-83 Plus Applications 465 Select options, if applicable. Collect the data. Follow directions, if applicable. Select Go… or START NOW . Stop the data collection, if necessary. Repeat these steps or exit the APPLICATIONS menu. Press ^ and ° or ± .
TI-83 Plus Applications 466 Selecting the CBL/CBR Application To use a CBL/CBR application, you need a CBL 2/CBL or CBR (as applicable), a TI-83 Plus , and a unit-to-unit link cable. 1. Press Π. 2. Select 2:CBL/CBR to set up the TI-83 Plus to use either of the applications.
TI-83 Plus Applications 467 Data Collection Methods and Options Specifying the Data Collection Method from the CBL/CBR APP Menu With a CBL 2/CBL or CBR , you can collect data in one of three ways: GAU.
TI-83 Plus Applications 468 Specifying Options for Each Data Collection Method After you select a data collection method from the CBL/CBR APP menu, a screen showing the options for that method is displayed. The method you choose, as well as the data collection options you choose for that method, determine whether you use the CBR or the CBL 2/CBL .
TI-83 Plus Applications 469 When you select a probe option, all other options change accordingly. Use " and ! to move between the probe options. To select a probe, highlight the one you want with the cursor keys, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Applications 470 Bar Meter MIN and MAX MIN and MAX refer to the minimum and maximum UNIT values for the specified probe. Defaults are listed in the Gauge Options table. See the CBL 2/CBL and CBR guidebook for specific MIN à MAX ranges. Enter values using the number keys.
TI-83 Plus Applications 471 DIRECTNS (Directions) If DIRECTNS=On , the calculator displays step-by-step directions on the screen, which help you set up and run the data collection. To select On or Off , highlight the one you want with the cursor keys, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Applications 472 To see all elements in one of these lists, you can insert these lists into the List editor just as you would any other list. Access list names from the - 9 NAMES menu. Note: These lists are only temporary placeholders for comment labels and data results for any particular probe.
TI-83 Plus Applications 473 DATA LOGGER 1. Press Œ 2 Í . 2. Select 2:DATA LOGGER . The DATA LOGGER data collection method lets you choose one of four different probes: Temp , Light , Volt , or Sonic . You can use the CBL 2/CBL with all probes; you can use the CBR only with the Sonic probe.
TI-83 Plus Applications 474 DATA LOGGER Options (Defaults) Temp Light Volt Sonic #SAMPLES: 99 99 99 99 INTRVL (SEC): 1111 UNITS: ¡ C or ¡ F mW/cm 2 Volt Cm or Ft PLOT: RealTme or End DIRECTNS: On or.
TI-83 Plus Applications 475 #SAMPLES #SAMPLES refers to how many data samples are collected and then graphed. For example, if #SAMPLES=99 , data collection stops after the 99 th sample is collected. Enter values using the number keys. INTRVL (SEC) INTRVL (SEC) specifies the interval in seconds between each data sample that is collected.
TI-83 Plus Applications 476 PLOT You can specify whether you want the calculator to collect realtime ( RealTme ) samples, which means that the calculator graphs data points immediately as they are being collected, or you can wait and show the graph only after all data points have been collected ( End ).
TI-83 Plus Applications 477 Data Collection Results The calculator automatically converts all collected data points into list elements using the following list names (you cannot rename the lists): Pro.
TI-83 Plus Applications 478 RANGER Selecting the RANGER data collection method runs the CBR RANGER program, a customized program especially for the TI-83 Plus that makes it compatible with the CBR. When the collection process is halted, the CBR RANGER is deleted from RAM.
TI-83 Plus Applications 479 Starting Data Collection Collecting the Data After you specify all of the options for your data collection method, select the Go option from the GAUGE or DATA LOGGER options screen. If you are using the RANGER data collection method, select 1:SETUP à SAMPLE from the MAIN menu, and then START NOW .
TI-83 Plus Applications 480 Stopping Data Collection To stop the GAUGE data collection method, press : on the TI-83 Plus . The DATA LOGGER and RANGER data collection methods stop after the specified number of samples have been collected. To stop them before this happens: 1.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 481 Chapter 15: CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions Browsing the TI-83 Plus CATALOG What Is the CATALOG? The CATALOG is an alphabetical list of all functions and instructions on the TI - 83 Plus .
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 482 Selecting an Item from the CATALOG To select a CATALOG item, follow these steps. 1. Press y ã CATALOG ä to display the CATALOG . The 4 in the first column is the selection cursor. 2. Press † or } to scroll the CATALOG until the selection cursor points to the item you want.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 483 3. Press Í to paste the item to the current screen. Tip: From the top of the CATALOG menu, press } to move to the bottom.
TI-83 Plu s CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Function s 484 Entering and Using Strings What Is a String? A string is a sequence of characters that you enclose within quotation marks. On the TI-83 Plus , a string has two primary applications. • It defines text to be displayed in a program.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 485 • Use any combination of numbers, letters, function names, or instruction names to create the string. • To enter a blank space, press ƒ [ ' ]. • To enter several alpha characters in a row, press y 7 to activate alpha-lock.
TI-83 Plu s CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Function s 486 Storing Strings to String Variables String Variables The T I- 83 Plus has 10 variables to which you can store strings. You can use string variables with string functions and instructions. To display the VARS STRING menu, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 487 Storing a String to a String Variable To store a string to a string variable, follow these steps. 1. Press ƒ [ ã ], enter the string, and press ƒ [ ã ]. 2. Press ¿ . 3. Press 7 to display the VARS STRING menu.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 488 Displaying the Contents of a String Variable To display the contents of a string variable on the home screen, select the string variable from the VARS STRING menu, and then press Í . The string is displayed.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 489 String Functions and Instructions in the CATALOG Displaying String Functions and Instructions in the CATALOG String functions and instructions are available only from the CATALOG .
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 490 + (Concatenation) To concatenate two or more strings, follow these steps. 1. Enter string1 , which can be a string or string name. 2. Press à . 3. Enter string2 , which can be a string or string name.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 491 Equ 4 String( Equ 4 String( converts to a string an equation that is stored to any VARS Y . VARS variable. Y n contains the equation. Str n (from Str1 to Str9 , or Str0 ) is the string variable to which you want the equation to be stored as a string.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 492 inString( inString( returns the character position in string of the first character of substring . string can be a string or a string variable. start is an optional character position at which to start the search; the default is 1.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 493 String 4 Equ( String 4 Equ( converts string into an equation and stores the equation to Y n . string can be a string or string variable. String 4 Equ( is the inverse of Equ 4 String( . String 4 Equ( string ,Y n ) sub( sub( returns a string that is a subset of an existing string .
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 494 Entering a Function to Graph during Program Execution In a program, you can enter a function to graph during program execution using these commands. Note: When you execute this program, enter a function to store to Y3 at the ENTRY= prompt.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 495 Hyperbolic Functions in the CATALOG Hyperbolic Functions The hyperbolic functions are available only from the CATALOG . The table below lists the hyperbolic functions in the order in which they appear among the other CATALOG menu items.
TI-83 Plus CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions 496 sinh(, cosh(, tanh( sinh( , cosh( , and tanh( are the hyperbolic functions. Each is valid for real numbers, expressions, and lists. sinh( value ) cosh( value ) tanh( value ) sinh L 1 (, cosh L 1 (, tanh L 1 ( sinh L 1 ( is the hyperbolic arcsine function.
TI-83 Plus Programming 497 Chapter 16: Programming Getting Started: Volume of a Cylinder Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. A program is a set of commands that the TI-83 Plus executes sequentially, as if you had entered them from the keyboard.
TI-83 Plus Programming 498 3. Press ~ 2 to select 2:Prompt from the PRGM I/O menu. Prompt is copied to the command line. Press ƒ [ R ] ¢ ƒ [ H ] to enter the variable names for radius and height. Press Í . 4. Press y ãpä ƒ [ R ] ¡ ƒ [ H ] ¿ ƒ [ V ] Í to enter the expression p R 2 H and store it to the variable V .
TI-83 Plus Programming 499 8. Press Í to paste prgmCYLINDER to the current cursor location. (If CYLINDER is not item 1 on your PRGM EXEC menu, move the cursor to CYLINDER before you press Í .) 9. Press Í to execute the program. Enter 1.5 for the radius, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Programming 500 Creating and Deleting Programs What Is a Program? A program is a set of one or more command lines. Each line contains one or more instructions. When you execute a program, the TI-83 Plus performs each instruction on each command line in the same order in which you entered them.
TI-83 Plus Programming 501 4. Enter zero to seven letters, numbers, or q to complete the new program name. 5. Press Í . The program editor is displayed. 6. Enter one or more program commands. 7. Press y 5 to leave the program editor and return to the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Programming 502 You can increase available memory in one of two ways. You can delete one or more programs or you can archive some programs. To increase available memory by deleting a specific program: 1. Press y L and then select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del from the MEMORY menu.
TI-83 Plus Programming 503 To increase available memory by archiving a program: 1. Press y L and then select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del from the MEMORY menu. 2. Select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del to display the MEM MGMT/DEL menu. 3. Select 7:Prgm... to display the PRGM menu. 4.
TI-83 Plus Programming 504 Entering Command Lines and Executing Programs Entering a Program Command Line You can enter on a command line any instruction or expression that you could execute from the home screen. In the program editor, each new command line begins with a colon.
TI-83 Plus Programming 505 Executing a Program To execute a program, begin on a blank line on the home screen and follow these steps. 1. Press to display the PRGM EXEC menu. 2. Select a program name from the PRGM EXEC menu. prgm name is pasted to the home screen (for example, prgmCYLINDER ).
TI-83 Plus Programming 506 Breaking a Program To stop program execution, press É . The ERR:BREAK menu is displayed. • To return to the home screen, select 1:Quit .
TI-83 Plus Programming 507 Editing Programs Editing a Program To edit a stored program, follow these steps. 1. Press ~ to display the PRGM EDIT menu. 2. Select a program name from the PRGM EDIT menu. Up to the first seven lines of the program are displayed.
TI-83 Plus Programming 508 Inserting and Deleting Command Lines To insert a new command line anywhere in the program, place the cursor where you want the new line, press y 6 , and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Programming 509 Copying and Renaming Programs Copying and Renaming a Program To copy all command lines from one program into a new program, follow steps 1 through 5 for Creating a New Program , and then follow these steps. 1. Press y K . Rcl is displayed on the bottom line of the program editor in the new program (Chapter 1).
TI-83 Plus Programming 510 Note: You also can copy all the command lines from one existing program to another existing program using RCL . Scrolling the PRGM EXEC and PRGM EDIT Menus The TI-83 Plus sorts PRGM EXEC and PRGM EDIT menu items automatically into alphanumerical order.
TI-83 Plus Programming 511 PRGM CTL (Control) Instructions PRGM CTL Menu To display the PRGM CTL (program control) menu, press from the program editor only. CTL I/O EXEC 1:If Creates a conditional test. 2:Then Executes commands when If is true. 3:Else Executes commands when If is false.
TI-83 Plus Programming 512 These menu items direct the flow of an executing program. They make it easy to repeat or skip a group of commands during program execution. When you select an item from the menu, the name is pasted to the cursor location on a command line in the program.
TI-83 Plus Programming 513 :If condition : command (if true) : command Program Output If . Then Then following an If executes a group of commands if condition is true (nonzero).
TI-83 Plus Programming 514 Program Output If . Then . Else Else following If . Then executes a group of commands if condition is false (zero). End identifies the end of the group of commands .
TI-83 Plus Programming 515 Program Output For( For( loops and increments. It increments variable from begin to end by increment . increment is optional (default is 1) and can be negative ( end < begin ). end is a maximum or minimum value not to be exceeded.
TI-83 Plus Programming 516 Program Output While While performs a group of commands while condition is true. condition is frequently a relational test (Chapter 2). condition is tested when While is encountered. If condition is true (nonzero), the program executes a group of commands .
TI-83 Plus Programming 517 Program Output Repeat Repeat repeats a group of commands until condition is true (nonzero). It is similar to While , but condition is tested when End is encountered; therefore, the group of commands is always executed at least once.
TI-83 Plus Programming 518 End End identifies the end of a group of commands . You must include an End instruction at the end of each For( , While , or Repeat loop. Also, you must paste an End instruction at the end of each If . Then group and each If .
TI-83 Plus Programming 519 Program Output Lbl, Goto Lbl (label) and Goto (go to) are used together for branching. Lbl specifies the label for a command. label can be one or two characters ( A through Z , 0 through 99 , or q ). Lbl label Goto causes the program to branch to label when Goto is encountered.
TI-83 Plus Programming 520 Program Output IS>( IS>( (increment and skip) adds 1 to variable. If the answer is > value (which can be an expression), the next command is skipped; if the answer is { value , the next command is executed. variable cannot be a system variable.
TI-83 Plus Programming 521 DS<( DS<( (decrement and skip) subtracts 1 from variable . If the answer is < value (which can be an expression), the next command is skipped; if the answer is | value , the next command is executed. variable cannot be a system variable.
TI-83 Plus Programming 522 The menu title is enclosed in quotation marks ( " ). Up to seven pairs of menu items follow. Each pair comprises a text item (also enclosed in quotation marks) to be displayed as a menu selection, and a label item to which to branch if you select the corresponding menu selection.
TI-83 Plus Programming 523 Note: You cannot directly enter the subroutine name when using RCL . You must paste the name from the PRGM EXEC menu. Return Return quits the subroutine and returns execution to the calling program, even if encountered within nested loops.
TI-83 Plus Programming 524 GraphStyle( GraphStyle( designates the style of the graph to be drawn. function# is the number of the Y= function name in the current graphing mode. graphstyle is a number from 1 to 7 that corresponds to the graph style, as shown below.
TI-83 Plus Programming 525 PRGM I/O (Input/Output) Instructions PRGM I/O Menu To display the PRGM I/O (program input/output) menu, press ~ from within the program editor only. CTL I/O EXEC 1:Input Enters a value or uses the cursor. 2:Prompt Prompts for entry of variable values.
TI-83 Plus Programming 526 Displaying a Graph with Input Input without a variable displays the current graph. You can move the free-moving cursor, which updates X and Y (and R and q for PolarGC format). The pause indicator is on. Press Í to resume program execution.
TI-83 Plus Programming 527 Storing a Variable Value with Input Input with variable displays a ? (question mark) prompt during execution. variable may be a real number, complex number, list, matrix, string, or Y= function. During program execution, enter a value, which can be an expression, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Programming 528 Note: When a program prompts for input of lists and Y n functions during execution, you must include the braces ( { } ) around the list elements and quotation marks ( " ) around the expressions. Prompt During program execution, Prompt displays each variable , one at a time, followed by =? .
TI-83 Plus Programming 529 Displaying Values and Messages Disp with one or more values displays the value of each. Disp [ valueA , valueB , valueC , ... , value n ] • If value is a variable, the current value is displayed. • If value is an expression, it is evaluated and the result is displayed on the right side of the next line.
TI-83 Plus Programming 530 DispGraph DispGraph (display graph) displays the current graph. If Pause is encountered after DispGraph , the program halts temporarily so you can examine the screen. Press Í to resume execution. DispTable DispTable (display table) displays the current table.
TI-83 Plus Programming 531 Program Output For Output( on a Horiz split screen, the maximum value for row is 4. getKey getKey returns a number corresponding to the last key pressed, according to the key code diagram below. If no key has been pressed, getKey returns 0.
TI-83 Plus Programming 532 TI-83 Plus Key Code Diagram ClrHome, ClrTable ClrHome (clear home screen) clears the home screen during program execution. ClrTable (clear table) clears the values in the table during program execution.
TI-83 Plus Programming 533 GetCalc( GetCalc( gets the contents of variable on another TI-83 Plus and stores it to variable on the receiving TI-83 Plus . variable can be a real or complex number, list element, list name, matrix element, matrix name, string, Y= variable, graph database, or picture.
TI-83 Plus Programming 534 Send( variable ) Note: This program gets sound data and time in seconds from CBL 2/CBL. Note: You can access Get( , Send( , and GetCalc( from the CATALOG to execute them from the home screen (Chapter 15).
TI-83 Plus Programming 535 Calling Other Programs as Subroutines Calling a Program from Another Program On the TI-83 Plus , any stored program can be called from another program as a subroutine. Enter the name of the program to use as a subroutine on a line by itself.
TI-83 Plus Programming 536 Program Output & Subroutine ( ' Notes about Calling Programs Variables are global. label used with Goto and Lbl is local to the program where it is located. label in one program is not recognized by another program.
TI-83 Plus Programming 537 Running an Assembly Language Program You can run programs written for the TI-83 Plus in assembly language. Typically, assembly language programs run much faster and provide greater control than than the keystroke programs that you write with the built-in program editor.
TI-83 Plus Programming 538 Instructions Comments AsmComp( prgmASM1, p rgmASM2 ) Compiles an assembly language program written in ASCII and stores the hex version AsmPrgm Identifies an assembly language program; must be entered as the first line of an assembly language program To compile an assembly program that you have written: 1.
TI-83 Plus Programming 539 7. Press ¤ to complete the sequence. The sequence of the arguments should be as follows: AsmComp( prgmASM1, prgmASM2 ) 8. Press Í to compile your program and generate the output program.
TI-83 Plus Activities 540 Chapter 17: Activities The Quadratic Formula Entering a Calculation Use the quadratic formula to solve the quadratic equations 3 X 2 + 5X + 2 = 0 and 2X 2 N X + 3 = 0. Begin with the equation 3 X 2 + 5X + 2 = 0. 1. Press 3 ¿ ƒ [ A ] (above ) to store the coefficient of the X 2 term.
TI-83 Plus Activities 541 4. Press Í to store the values to the variables A, B, and C. The last value you stored is shown on the right side of the display.
TI-83 Plus Activities 542 The Quadratic Formula Converting to a Fraction You can show the solution as a fraction. 1. Press to display the MATH menu. 2. Press 1 to select 1: 4 Frac from the MATH menu. When you press 1 , Ans 4 Frac is displayed on the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Activities 543 To save keystrokes, you can recall the last expression you entered, and then edit it for a new calculation. 4. Press y [ (above Í ) to recall the fraction conversion entry, and then press y [ again to recall the quadratic-formula expression, a ac b b 2 4 2 − + − 5.
TI-83 Plus Activities 544 The Quadratic Formula Displaying Complex Results Now solve the equation 2 X 2 N X + 3 = 0. When you set a+b i complex number mode, the TI-83 Plus displays complex results. 1. Press z † † † † † † (6 times), and then press ~ to position the cursor over a+b i .
TI-83 Plus Activities 545 4. Press y [ to recall the store instruction, and then press y [ again to recall the quadratic-formula expression, a ac b b 2 4 2 − − − 5. Press Í to find one solution for the equation 2 X 2 N X + 3 = 0. 6. Press y [ repeatedly until this quadratic- formula expression is displayed: a ac b b 2 4 2 − + − 7.
TI-83 Plus Activities 546 Box with Lid Defining a Function Take a 20 cm × 25 cm. sheet of paper and cut X × X squares from two corners. Cut X × 12.5 cm rectangles from the other two corners as shown in the diagram below. Fold the paper into a box with a lid.
TI-83 Plus Activities 547 2. Press £ 20 ¹ 2 „ ¤ £ 25 ¥ 2 ¹ „ ¤ „ Í to define the volume function as Y 1 in terms of X . „ lets you enter X quickly, without having to press ƒ .
TI-83 Plus Activities 548 4. Press y 0 (above s ) to display the table. Notice that the maximum value for Y 1 (box’s volume) occurs when X is about 4 , between 3 and 5 . 5. Press and hold † to scroll the table until a negative result for Y 1 is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Activities 549 Box with Lid Zooming In on the Table You can adjust the way a table is displayed to get more information about a defined function. With smaller values for @ Tbl , you can zoom in on the table. 1. Press 3 Í to set TblStart . Press Ë 1 Í to set @ Tbl .
TI-83 Plus Activities 550 4. Press y - . Press 3 Ë 6 Í to set TblStart . Press Ë 01 Í to set @ Tbl . 5. Press y 0 , and then press † and } to scroll the table. Four equivalent maximum values are shown, 410.26 at X = 3.67 , 3.68 , 3.69 , and 3.70 .
TI-83 Plus Activities 551 7. Press † to display the other maximum. The value of Y 1 at X = 3.68 in full precision is 410.264064 , at X = 3.69 is 410.262318 and a t X = 3.7 is 410.256 . The maxi m u m v o lume o f t h e b o x wou l d o ccur a t 3.68 if you could measure and cut the paper at .
TI-83 Plus Activities 552 The standard window variables define the viewing window as shown. Xmin , Xmax , Ymin , and Ymax define the boundaries of the display. Xscl and Yscl define the distance between tick marks on the X and Y axes. Xres controls resolution.
TI-83 Plus Activities 553 Box with Lid Displaying and Tracing the Graph Now that you have defined the function to be graphed and the window in which to graph it, you can display and explore the graph. You can trace along a function using the TRACE feature.
TI-83 Plus Activities 554 3. Press | , ~ , } , and † to move the free- moving cursor to the apparent maximum of the function. As you move the cursor, the X and Y coordinate values are updated continually. 4. Press r . The trace cursor is displayed on the Y 1 function.
TI-83 Plus Activities 555 7. Press Í . The trace cursor jumps to the point on the Y 1 function evaluated at X=3.8 . 8. Press | and ~ until you are on the maximum Y value. This is the maximum of Y 1 (X) for the X pixel values. The actual, precise maximum may lie between pixel values.
TI-83 Plus Activities 556 1. Press q to display the ZOOM menu. This menu is a typical TI-83 Plus menu. To select an item, you can either press the number or letter next to the item, or you can press † until the item number or letter is highlighted, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Activities 557 4. Press p to display the new window settings. Box with Lid Finding the Calculated Maximum You can use a CALCULATE menu operation to calculate a local maximum of a function. 1. Press y / (above r ) to display the CALCULATE menu.
TI-83 Plus Activities 558 2. Press | to trace along the curve to a point to the left of the maximum, and then press Í . A 4 at the top of the screen indicates the selected bound. A Right Bound? prompt is displayed. 3. Press ~ to trace along the curve to a point to the right of the maximum, and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Activities 559 Or, press 3 Ë 8 , and then press Í to enter a guess for the maximum. When you press a number key in TRACE , the X= prompt is displayed in the bottom-left corner. Notice how the values for the calculated maximum compare with the maximums found with the free-moving cursor, the trace cursor, and the table.
TI-83 Plus Activities 560 Comparing Test Results Using Box Plots Problem An experiment found a significant difference between boys and girls pertaining to their ability to identify objects held in the.
TI-83 Plus Activities 561 Women Left Women Right Men Left Men Right 12 13 11 12 71 2 4 8 91 1 1 0 1 2 11 12 14 11 13 9 59 Procedure 1. Press … 5 to select 5:SetUpEditor . Enter list names WLEFT , WRGHT , MLEFT , and MRGHT , separated by commas. Press Í .
TI-83 Plus Activities 562 5. Press y , . Select 1:Plot1 . Turn on plot 1; define it as a modified box plot Õ that uses WLEFT . Move the cursor to the top line and select Plot2 . Turn on plot 2; define it as a modified box plot that uses WRGHT . 6. Press o .
TI-83 Plus Activities 563 % Men’s left-hand data % Men’s right-hand data Press | and ~ to examine minX , Q 1 , Med , Q 3 , and maxX for each plot. What difference do you see between the plots? 10.
TI-83 Plus Activities 564 Graphing Piecewise Functions Problem The fine for speeding on a road with a speed limit of 45 kilometers per hour (kph) is 50; plus 5 for each kph from 46 to 55 kph; plus 10 for each kph from 56 to 65 kph; plus 20 for each kph from 66 kph and above.
TI-83 Plus Activities 565 3. Press p and set Xmin= L 2 , Xscl=10 , Ymin= L 5 , and Yscl=10 . Ignore Xmax and Ymax ; they are set by @ X and @ Y in step 4. 4. Press y 5 to return to the home screen. Store 1 to @ X , and then store 5 to @ Y . @ X and @ Y are on the VARS Window X/Y secondary menu.
TI-83 Plus Activities 566 Graphing Inequalities Problem Graph the inequality 0 . 4X 3 N 3X + 5 < 0 . 2X + 4. Use the TEST menu operations to explore the values of X where the inequality is true and where it is false. Procedure 1. Press z . Select Dot , Simul , and the default settings.
TI-83 Plus Activities 567 4. Press q 6 to graph the inequality in the standard window. 5. Press r † † to move to Y 6 . Then press | and ~ to trace the inequality, observing the value of Y . 6. Press o . Turn off Y 4 , Y 5 , and Y 6 . Enter equations to graph only the inequality.
TI-83 Plus Activities 568 Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations Problem Using a graph, solve the equation X 3 N 2X = 2cos(X). Stated another way, solve the system of two equations and two unknowns: Y = X 3 N 2X and Y = 2cos(X). Use ZOOM factors to control the decimal places displayed on the graph.
TI-83 Plus Activities 569 3. Press q ~ 4 to select 4:SetFactors from the ZOOM MEMORY menu. Set XFact=10 and YFact=10 . 4. Press q 2 to select 2:Zoom In . Use | , ~ , } , and † to move the free-moving cursor onto the apparent intersection of the functions on the right side of the display.
TI-83 Plus Activities 570 Using a Program to Create the Sierpinski Triangle Setting up the Program This program creates a drawing of a famous fractal, the Sierpinski Triangle, and stores the drawing to a picture. To begin, press ~ ~ 1 . Name the program SIERPINS , and then press Í .
TI-83 Plus Activities 571 :If 1 à 3 <N and N 2 à 3 :Then :.5(.5+X) ! X :.5(1+Y) ! Y :End If / Then group. :If 2 à 3< N :Then :.5(1+X) ! X :.5Y ! Y :End If / Then group. :Pt-On(X,Y) Draw point. :End End of For group. :StorePic 6 Store picture.
TI-83 Plus Activities 572 Graphing Cobweb Attractors Problem Using Web format, you can identify points with attracting and repelling behavior in sequence graphing. Procedure 1. Press z . Select Seq and the default mode settings. Press y . . Select Web format and the default format settings.
TI-83 Plus Activities 573 5. Press r to display the graph, and then press ~ to trace the cobweb. This is a cobweb with one attractor. 6. Change K to 3.44 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with two attractors. 7. Change K to 3.54 and trace the graph to show a cobweb with four attractors.
TI-83 Plus Activities 574 Using a Program to Guess the Coefficients Setting Up the Program This program graphs the function A sin(BX) with random integer coefficients between 1 and 10. Try to guess the coefficients and graph your guess as C sin(DX). The program continues until your guess is correct.
TI-83 Plus Activities 575 :1 ! Yscl :DispGraph :Pause Display graph. :FnOn 2 :Lbl Z :Prompt C,D Prompt for guess. :DispGraph :Pause Display graph. :If C=A :Text(1,1,"C IS OK") :If C ƒ A :Text(1,1,"C IS WRONG") :If D=B :Text(1,50,"D IS OK") :If D ƒ B :Text(1,50,"D IS WRONG") Display results.
TI-83 Plus Activities 576 Graphing the Unit Circle and Trigonometric Curves Problem Using parametric graphing mode, graph the unit circle and the sine curve to show the relationship between them. Any function that can be plotted in Func mode can be plotted in Par mode by defining the X component as T and the Y component as F(T) .
TI-83 Plus Activities 577 4. Enter the expressions to define the sine curve. 5. Press r . As the graph is plotting, you may press Í to pause and Í again to resume graphing as you watch the sine function “unwrap” from the unit circle. Note: You can generalize the unwrapping.
TI-83 Plus Activities 578 Finding the Area between Curves Problem Find the area of the region bounded by f(x) = 300x / ( x 2 + 625) g(x) = 3cos( . 1x) x= 7 5 Procedure 1. Press z . Select the default mode settings. 2. Press p . Set the viewing window.
TI-83 Plus Activities 579 4. Press y / 5 to select 5:Intersect . The graph is displayed. Select a first curve, second curve, and guess for the intersection toward the left side of the display. The solution is displayed, and the value of X at the intersection, which is the lower limit of the integral, is stored in Ans and X .
TI-83 Plus Activities 580 Using Parametric Equations: Ferris Wheel Problem Problem Using two pairs of parametric equations, determine when two objects in motion are closest to each other in the same plane. A ferris wheel has a diameter (d) of 20 meters and is rotating counterclockwise at a rate (s) of one revolution every 12 seconds.
TI-83 Plus Activities 581 Procedure 1. Press z . Select Par , Simul , and the default settings. Simul (simultaneous) mode simulates the two objects in motion over time. 2. Press p . Set the viewing window. Tmin=0 Xmin= L 13 Ymin=0 Tmax=12 Xmax=34 Ymax=31 Tstep=.
TI-83 Plus Activities 582 4. Press s to graph the equations. Watch closely as they are plotted. Notice that the ball and the ferris wheel passenger appear to be closest where the paths cross in the top-right quadrant of the ferris wheel. 5. Press p . Change the viewing window to concentrate on this portion of the graph.
TI-83 Plus Activities 583 7. Press † to move to the path of the ball. Notice the values of X and Y ( T is unchanged). Notice where the cursor is located.
TI-83 Plus Activities 584 Demonstrating the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Problem 1 Using the functions fnInt( and nDeriv( from the MATH menu to graph functions defined by integrals and derivatives demonstrates graphically that: ∫ > = = x x x dt x F 1 0 ), ( ln ) ( and that x dt t Dx x 1 1 1 = ∫ Procedure 1 1.
TI-83 Plus Activities 585 3. Press o . Turn off all functions and stat plots. Enter the numerical integral of 1 à T from 1 to X and the function ln(X). Set the graph style for Y 1 to ç (line) and Y 2 to ë (path). 4. Press r . Press | , } , ~ , and † to compare the values of Y 1 and Y 2 .
TI-83 Plus Activities 586 Problem 2 Explore the functions defined by ∫ ∫ ∫ = x x x dt t dt t dt t y 2 2 0 2 2 2 , and , , Procedure 2 1. Press o . Turn off all functions and stat plots. Use a list to define these three functions simultaneously. Store the function in Y 5.
TI-83 Plus Activities 587 4. Press o . Enter the numerical derivative of Y 5 in Y 6 . 5. Press r . Notice that although the three graphs defined by Y 5 are different, they share the same derivative.
TI-83 Plus Activities 588 Computing Areas of Regular N-Sided Polygons Problem Use the equation solver to store a formula for the area of a regular N-sided polygon, and then solve for each variable, given the other variables. Explore the fact that the limiting case is the area of a circle, p r 2 .
TI-83 Plus Activities 589 interactive solver editor is displayed, press } to display the equation editor. 2. Enter the formula as 0=A N NB 2 sin( p / N)cos( p / N) , and then press Í . The interactive solver editor is displayed. 3. Enter N=4 and B=6 to find the area ( A ) of a square with a distance ( B ) from center to vertex of 6 centimeters.
TI-83 Plus Activities 590 6. Enter N=8 . To find the distance B , move the cursor onto B , and then press ƒ . Find B for N=9 , and then for N=10 . Find the area given B=6 , and N=10 , 100 , 150 , 1000 , and 10000 . Compare your results with p 6 2 (the area of a circle with radius 6), which is approximately 113.
TI-83 Plus Activities 591 11. Press r . After the graph is plotted, press 100 Í to trace to X=100 . Press 150 Í . Press 188 Í . Notice that as X increases, the value of Y converges to p 6 2 , which is approximately 113.097. Y 2 = p B 2 (the area of the circle) is a horizontal asymptote to Y 1 .
TI-83 Plus Activities 592 Computing and Graphing Mortgage Payments Problem You are a loan officer at a mortgage company, and you recently closed on a 30-year home mortgage at 8 percent interest with monthly payments of 800.
TI-83 Plus Activities 593 since the future value of a loan is 0 once it is paid in full. Enter PMT : END , since payment is due at the end of a period. 3. Move the cursor onto the PV= prompt, and then press ƒ . The present value, or mortgage amount, of the house is displayed at the PV= prompt.
TI-83 Plus Activities 594 6. Press p . Set these window variables. Tmin=1 Xmin=0 Ymin=0 Tmax=360 Xmax=360 Ymax=1000 Tstep=12 Xscl=10 Yscl=100 Tip: To increase the graph speed, change Tstep to 24 . 7. Press r . After the graph is drawn, press 240 Í to move the trace cursor to T=240 , which is equivalent to 20 years of payments.
TI-83 Plus Activities 595 The graph shows that for the 240th payment ( X=240 ), 441.97 of the 800 payment is interest ( Y=441.97 ). 9. Press y 5 Œ Í 9 to paste 9:bal( to the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 596 Chapter 18: Memory and Variable Management Checking Available Memory MEMORY Menu At any time you can check available memory or manage existing memory by selecting items from the MEMORY menu. To access this menu, press y L .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 597 Displaying the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE Menu Mem Mgmt/Del displays the MEMORY MANAGEMENT/DELETE menu. The two lines at the top report the total amount of available RAM and ARCHIVE memory. By selecting menu items on this screen, you can see the amount of memory each variable type is using.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 598 3. Select variable types from the list to display memory usage. Note: Real , List , Y . Vars , and Prgm variable types never reset to zero, even after memory is cleared. Apps are independent applications which are stored in Flash ROM.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 599 Deleting Items from Memory Deleting an Item To increase available memory by deleting the contents of any variable (real or complex number, list, matrix, Y= variable, program, Apps, AppVars, picture, graph database, or string), follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 600 4. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the item you want to delete, and then press { . The variable is deleted from memory. You can delete individual variables one by one from this screen.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 601 Clearing Entries and List Elements Clear Entries Clear Entries clears the contents of the ENTRY (last entry) storage area (Chapter 1). To clear the ENTRY storage area, follow these steps. 1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 602 ClrAllLists ClrAllLists sets the dimension of each list in RAM only to 0 . To clear all elements from all lists, follow these steps. 1. Press y L to display the MEMORY menu. 2. Select 4:ClrAllLists to paste the instruction to the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 603 Resetting the TI-83 Plus RAM ARCHIVE ALL Menu The RAM ARCHIVE ALL menu gives you the option of resetting all memory (including default settings) or resetting selected portions of memory while preserving other data stored in memory, such as programs and Y= functions.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 604 • Window variable values such as Xmin= L 10 ; Xmax=10 ; Xscl=1 ; Yscl=1 ; and Xres=1 • Stat plots off • Format settings such as CoordOn (graphing co.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 605 and programs in RAM. Resetting RAM or resetting defaults does not affect variables and applications in user data archive. Tip: Before you reset all RAM memory, consider restoring sufficient available memory by deleting only selected data.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 606 Resetting Archive Memory When resetting archive memory on the TI-83 Plus , you can choose to delete from user data archive all variables, all applications, or both variables and applications. To reset all or part of user data archive memory, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 607 2:Apps to display the RESET ARC APPS menu. 3:Both to display the RESET ARC BOTH menu. 3. Read the message below the menu. • To cancel the reset and return to the home screen, press Í . • To continue with the reset, select 2:Reset .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 608 Resetting All Memory When resetting all memory on the TI-83 Plus , RAM and user data archive memory is restored to factory settings. All nonsystem variables, applications, and programs are deleted. All system variables are reset to default settings.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 609 3. Read the message below the RESET MEMORY menu. • To cancel the reset and return to the home screen, press Í . • To continue with the reset, select 2:Reset . The message MEM cleared is displayed on the home screen.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 610 Archiving and UnArchiving Variables Archiving and UnArchiving Variables Archiving allows you to store data, programs, or other variables to the user data archive where they cannot be edited or deleted inadvertently.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 611 Variable Type Names Archive? (yes/no) UnArchive? (yes/no) Real numbers A , B , ... , Z yes yes Complex numbers A , B , .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 612 Variable Type Names Archive? (yes/no) UnArchive? (yes/no) Tables TblStart , Tb1 , TblInput no not applicable Apps Applications see Note above no AppVars A.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 613 For: Sizes must be such that: Archive Archive free size > variable size UnArchive RAM free size > variable size Note: If there is not enough space, unarchive or delete variables as necessary.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 614 3. Press y d to place the L1 variable in the edit screen. 4. Press Í to complete the archive process. Note: An asterisk will be displayed to the left of the Archived variable name to indicate it is archived.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 615 3. Select 4:List... to display the LIST menu. 4. Press Í to archive L1 . An asterisk will appear to the left of L1 to indicate it is an archived variable. To unarchive a variable in this screen, put the cursor next to the archived variable and press Í .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 616 Grouping and Ungrouping Variables Grouping Variables Grouping allows you to make a copy of two or more variables residing in RAM and then store them as a group in user data archive. The variables in RAM are not erased.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 617 3. Press Í to display the GROUP menu. 4. Enter a name for the new group and press Í . Note: A group name can be one to eight characters long. The first character must be a letter from A to Z or q . The second through eighth characters can be letters, numbers, or q .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 618 6. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the first item you want to copy into a group, and then press Í . A small square will remain to the left of all variables selected for grouping.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 619 Note: You can only group variables in RAM. You cannot group some system variables, such as the last-answer variable Ans and the statistical variable RegEQ . Ungrouping Variables Ungrouping allows you to make a copy of variables in a group stored in user data archive and place them ungrouped in RAM .
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 620 • When you select 2:Overwrite , the unit overwrites the data of the duplicate variable name found in RAM. Ungrouping resumes. • When you select 3: Overwrite All , the unit overwrites the data of all duplicate variable names found in RAM.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 621 4. Press } and † to move the selection cursor ( 4 ) next to the group variable you want to ungroup, and then press Í . The ungroup action is completed. Note: Ungrouping does not remove the group from user data archive.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 622 Garbage Collection Garbage Collection Message If you use the user data archive extensively, you may see a Garbage Collect? message. This occurs if you try to archive a variable when there is not enough free contiguous archive memory.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 623 After garbage collection, depending on how much additional space is freed, the variable may or may not be archived.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 624 Each variable that you archive is stored in the first empty block large enough to hold it. This process continues to the end of the last sector. Depending on the size of individual variables, the empty blocks may account for a significant amount of space.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 625 How Unarchiving a Variable Affects the Process When you unarchive a variable, it is copied to RAM but it is not actually deleted from user data archive memory. Unarchived variables are “marked for deletion,” meaning they will be deleted during the next garbage collection.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 626 If the MEMORY Screen Shows Enough Free Space Even if the MEMORY screen shows enough free space to archive a variable or store an application, you may still get a Garbage Collect? message or an ERR: ARCHIVE FULL message.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 627 Using the GarbageCollect Command You can reduce the number of automatic garbage collections by periodically optimizing memory. This is done by using the GarbageCollect command. To use the GarbageCollect command, follow these steps.
TI-83 Plus Memory and Variable Management 628 ERR:ARCHIVE FULL Message Even if the MEMORY screen shows enough free space to archive a variable or store an application, you may still get an ERR: ARCHIVE FULL message.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 629 Chapter 19: Communication Link Getting Started: Sending Variables Getting Started is a fast-paced introduction. Read the chapter for details. Create and store a variable and a matrix, and then transfer them to another TI-83 Plus .
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 630 4. On the sending unit, press 2 to select 2:Mem Mgmt/Del . The MEMORY MANAGEMENT menu is displayed. 5. On the sending unit, press 5 to select 5:Matrix . The MATRIX editor screen is displayed. 6. On the sending unit, press Í to archive [A] .
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 631 11. Press † until the selection cursor ( 4 ) is next to [A] MATRX . Press Í . 12. Press † until the selection cursor is next to Q REAL . Press Í . A square dot next to [A] and Q indicates that each is selected to send.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 632 TI-83 Plus Silver Edition LINK This chapter describes how to communicate with compatible TI units. A unit-to-unit link cable is included with the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition for this purpose.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 633 Connecting Two Calculators with a Unit-to-Unit Cable The TI-83 Plus link port is located at the center of the bottom edge of the calculator. 1. Firmly insert either end of the unit-to-unit cable into the port. 2. Insert the other end of the cable into the other calculator’ s p o r t .
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 634 Selecting Items to Send LINK SEND Menu To display the LINK SEND menu, press y 8 . SEND RECEIVE 1:All+ ... Displays all items as selected, including RAM and Flash applications. 2:All N ... Displays all items as deselected.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 635 SEND RECEIVE G:SendOS Sends operating system updates to another TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus. H:Back Up ... Selects all RAM and mode settings (no Flash applications or archived items) for backup to another TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or to a TI-83 Plus.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 636 4. Press Í to select or deselect the item. Selected names are marked with a 0 . Note: An asterisk ( * ) to the left of an item indicates the item is archived (Chapter 18). 5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 to select or deselect additional items.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 637 3. Press Í to select 1:Transmit . The name and type of each item are displayed line-by-line on the sending unit as the item is queued for transmission, and then on the receiving unit as each item is accepted. Note: Items sent from the RAM of the sending unit are transmitted to the RAM of the receiving unit.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 638 Sending to a TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus You can transfer variables (all types), programs, and Flash applications to another TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or TI-83 Plus. You can also backup the RAM memory of one unit to another.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 639 To send data to an additional TI-83 Plus Silver Edition or a TI-83 Plus: 1. Use a unit-to-unit cable to link two units together. 2. On the sending unit press y 8 and select a data type and items to SEND . 3. Press ~ on the sending unit to display the TRANSMIT menu.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 640 an item, all selections or deselections from the last transmission are cleared. 10. Press ~ on the sending unit to display the TRANSMIT menu. 11. On the new receiving unit, press y 8 ~ to display the RECEIVE menu. 12.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 641 Note: You cannot perform a RAM memory backup from a TI-83 Plus to a TI-83 or from a TI-83 to a TI-83 Plus . To send data to a TI-83: 1. Use a unit-to-unit cable to link the two units together. 2. Set the TI-83 to receive.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 642 Note: You cannot perform a memory backup from a TI-83 Plus to a TI-82 or from a TI-82 to a TI-83 Plus . To send lists to a TI-82: 1. Use a unit-to-unit cable to link the two units together. 2. Set the TI-82 to receive.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 643 Note: You cannot perform a RAM memory backup from a TI-83 Plus to a TI-73 or from a to a TI-73 to a TI-83 Plus . To transmit data to a TI-73: 1. Use a unit-to-unit cable to link two units together. 2. Set the TI-73 to receive.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 644 Receiving Items LINK RECEIVE Menu To display the LINK RECEIVE menu, press y 8 ~ . SEND RECEIVE 1:Receive Sets unit to receive data transmission. Receiving Unit When you select 1:Receive from the LINK RECEIVE menu on the receiving unit, the message Waiting.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 645 DuplicateName 1:Rename Prompts to rename receiving variable. 2:Overwrite Overwrites data in receiving variable. 3:Omit Skips transmission of sending variable. 4:Quit Stops transmission at duplicate variable. When you select 1:Rename , the Name= prompt is displayed, and alpha- lock is on.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 646 Receiving from a TI-83 You can transfer all variables and programs from a TI-83 to a TI-83 Plus if they fit in the RAM of the TI-83 Plus .
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 647 Note: You can transfer all real variables, pics, and programs from a TI-82 to a TI-83 Plus if they fit in the RAM of the TI-83 Plus .
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 648 For example, on the TI-82, the character group U n-1 is pasted to the cursor location when you press y [ Un N 1 ]. The TI-83 Plus cannot directly translate U n-1 to the TI-83 Plus syntax u(n N 1) , so the ERR:INVALID menu is displayed.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 649 5. Press ~ on the sending TI-73 to display the LINK TRANSMIT menu. 6. Confirm that the receiving unit is set to receive.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 650 Backing Up RAM Memory Warning: H:Back Up overwrites the RAM memory and mode settings in the receiving unit. All information in the RAM memory of the receiving unit is lost. Note: Archived items on the receiving unit are not overwritten.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 651 5 . Press Í on the sending unit. A WARNING — Backup message displays on the receiving unit. 6 . Press Í on the receiving unit to continue the backup.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 652 Error Conditions A transmission error occurs after one or two seconds if: • A cable is not attached to the sending unit. • A cable is not attached to the receiving unit. Note: If the cable is attached, push it in firmly and try again.
TI-83 Plus Communication Link 653 • You attempt a data transfer from a TI-83 Plus to a TI-73 with data other than real numbers, pics, real lists L 1 through L 6 or named lists with q as part of the name. Although a transmission error does not occur, these two conditions may prevent successful transmission.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 654 Appendix A: Tables and Reference Information Table of Functions and Instructions Functions return a value, list, or matrix. You can use functions in an expression. Instructions initiate an action. Some functions and instructions have arguments.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 655 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item abs( value ) Returns the absolute value of a real number, expression, list, or matrix. NUM 1:abs( abs( complex value ) Returns the magnitude of a complex number or list.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 656 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item augment( matrixA , matrixB ) Returns a matrix, which is matrixB appended to matrixA as new columns. y > MATH 7:augment( augment( listA , listB ) Returns a list, which is listB concatenated to the end of listA .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 657 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item c 2 cdf( lowerbound , upperbound , df ) Computes the c 2 distribution probability between lowerbound and u pp erbound for the specified degrees of freedom df .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 658 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item ClrList listname1 [ , listname2 , ..., listname n ] Sets to 0 the dimension of one or more listnames . … EDIT 4:ClrList ClrTable Clears all values from the table.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 659 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item cumSum( list ) Returns a list of the cumulative sums of the elements in list , starting with the first element. y 9 OPS 6:cumSum( cumSum( matrix ) Returns a matrix of the cumulative sums of matrix elements.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 660 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item DiagnosticOff Sets diagnostics-off mode; r , r 2 , and R 2 are not displayed as regression model results. y N DiagnosticOff DiagnosticOn Sets diagnostics-on mode; r , r 2 , and R 2 are displayed as regression model results.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 661 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item DispTable Displays the table. † I/O 5:DispTable value 4 DMS Displays value in DMS format. y ; ANGLE 4: 4 DMS Dot Sets dot plotting mode; resets all Y= editor graph-style settings to í .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 662 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item 4 Eff( nominal rate , compounding periods ) Computes the effective interest rate. Π1:Finance CALC C: 4 Eff( Else See If:Then:Else End Identifies end of For( , If - Then - Else , Repeat , or While loop.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 663 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Fill( value , matrixname ) Stores value to each element in matrixname . y > MATH 4:Fill( Fill( value , listname ) Stores value to each element in listname .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 664 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item FnOn [ f unction# , function# ,.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 665 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item gcd( valueA,valueB ) Returns the greatest common divisor of valueA and valueB , which can be real numbers or lists.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 666 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item GridOff Turns off grid format. † y . GridOff GridOn Turns on grid format. † y . GridOn G-T Sets graph-table vertical split-screen mode.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 667 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item :If condition :Then : commands :Else : commands :End : commands Executes commands from Then to Else if condition = 1 (true); from Else to End if condition = 0 (false).
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 668 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item int( value ) Returns the largest integer a real or complex number, expression, list, or matrix.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 669 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Lbl label Creates a label of one or two characters. † CTL 9:Lbl lcm( valueA,valueB ) Returns the least common multiple of valueA and valueB , which can be real numbers or lists.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 670 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item List 4 matr( listname1 , ... , listname n , matrixname ) Fills matrixname column by column with the elements from each specified listname .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 671 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item max( listA , listB ) Returns a real or complex list of the larger of each pair of elements in listA and listB . y 9 MATH 2:max( max( value,list ) Returns a real or complex list of the larger of value or each list element.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 672 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item min( value,list ) Returns a real or complex list of the smaller of value or each list element. y 9 MATH 1:min( valueA nCr valueB Returns the number of combinations of valueA taken valueB at a time.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 673 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item normalpdf( x [ , m , s ] ) Computes the probability density function for the normal distribution at a specified x value for the specified m and s .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 674 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Output( row , column , value ) Displays value beginning at specified row and column . † I/O 6:Output( Param Sets parametric graphing mode.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 675 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Plot # ( t yp e , datalistname , data axis , mark ) Defines Plot # ( 1 , 2 , or 3 ) of t yp e NormProbPlot for datalistname on data axis using mark .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 676 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item PolarGC Sets polar graphing coordinates format.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 677 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item 2 . PropZTest( x1 , n1 , x2 , n2 [ , alternative , drawflag ] ) Computes a two-proportion z test. alternative = L 1 is <; alternative = 0 is ƒ ; alternative = 1 is >.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 678 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item pxl . Test( row , column ) Returns 1 if pixel ( row , column ) is on, 0 if it is off; 0 row 62 and 0 column 94. y < POINTS 7:pxl .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 679 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item randInt( lower,u pp er [ ,numtrials ] ) Generates and displays a random integer within a range specified by lower and u pp er integer bounds for a specified number of trials numtrials .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 680 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item RectGC Sets rectangular graphing coordinates format.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 681 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item rref( matrix ) Returns the reduced row-echelon form of a matrix . y > MATH B:rref( R 4 Pr( x , y ) Returns R , given rectangular coordinates x and y or a list of rectangular coordinates.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 682 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item 2 . SampTTest [ listname1 , listname2 , f re q list1 , f re q list2 , alternative , p ooled , draw f la g ] (Data list input) Computes a two-sample t test.
TI-83 Plu s Tables and Reference Informatio n 683 Function or Instruction/ Argument s Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item 2 . SampZTest( s 1 , s 2 , v 1 , n1 , v 2 , n2 [ , alternative , draw f la g ] ) (Summary stats input) Computes a two-sample z test.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 684 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item SetUpEditor listname1 [ , listname2 , ... , listname20 ] Removes all list names from the stat list editor, then sets it up to display one or more listnames in the specified order, starting with column 1 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 685 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Simul Sets mode to graph functions simultaneously. † z Simul sin( value ) Returns the sine of a real number, expression, or list.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 686 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item SortD( ke y listname , de p endlist1 [ , de p endlist2 , ..., dependlist n ] ) Sorts elements of ke y listname in descending order, then sorts each dependlist as a dependent list.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 687 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Tangent( expression , value ) Draws a line tangent to ex p ression at X = value . y < DRAW 5:Tangent( tanh( value ) Returns hyperbolic tangent of a real number, expression, or list.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 688 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Trace Displays the graph and enters TRACE mode. r T-Test m 0 [ , listname , f re q list , alternative , draw f la g ] (Data list input) Performs a t test with frequency f re q list .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 689 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item UnArchive Moves the specified variables from the user data archive memory to RAM. To archive variables, use Archive . y L 6:UnArchive uvAxes Sets sequence graphs to plot u( n ) on the x-axis and v( n ) on the y-axis.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 690 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item valueA xor valueB Returns 1 if only valueA or valueB = 0.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 691 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item ZoomFit Recalculates Ymin and Ymax to include the minimum and maximum Y values, between Xmin and Xmax , of the selected functions and replots the functions.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 692 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Z N Test( m 0 , s [ , listname , f re q list , alternative , draw f la g ] ) (Data list input) Performs a z test with frequency f re q list .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 693 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Transpose: matrix T Returns a matrix in which each element (row, column) is swapped with the corresponding element (column, row) of matrix .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 694 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Not equal: valueA ƒ valueB Returns 1 if valueA ƒ valueB . Returns 0 if valueA = valueB . valueA and valueB can be real or complex numbers, expressions, lists, or matrices.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 695 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Square: list 2 Returns list elements squared. ¡ Square: matrix 2 Returns matrix multiplied by itself. ¡ Powers: value ^ power Returns value raised to p ower .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 696 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Multiplication: listA ä listB Returns listA elements times listB elements. ¯ Multiplication: value ä matrix Returns value times matrix elements.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 697 Function or Instruction/ Arguments Result Key or Keys/ Menu or Screen/Item Subtraction: list N value Subtracts value from list elements. ¹ Subtraction: listA N listB Subtracts listB elements from listA elements.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 698 TI-83 Plus Menu Map The TI-83 Plus Menu Map begins at the top-left corner of the keyboard and follows the keyboard layout from left to right.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 699 p Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ (Func mode) WINDOW Xmin=-10 Xmax=10 Xscl=1 Ymin=-10 Ymax=10 Y.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 700 q Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ ZOOM 1:ZBox 2:Zoom In 3:Zoom Out 4:ZDecimal 5:ZSquare 6:ZStandard 7:ZTrig 8:ZInteger 9:ZoomStat 0:ZoomFit MEMORY 1:ZPrevious 2:ZoomSto 3:ZoomRcl 4:SetFactors… MEMORY (Set Factors.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 701 y / ÚÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ (Func mode) CALCULATE 1:value 2:zero 3:minimum 4:maximum 5:.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 702 y 8 ÚÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ SEND 1:All+… 2:All N … 3:Prgm… 4:List… 5:Lists to TI82… 6:GDB… 7:Pic… 8:Matrix… 9:Real.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 703 … Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ EDIT 1:Edit… 2:SortA( 3:SortD( 4:ClrList 5:SetUpEditor CALC 1:1-Var S.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 704 y 9 ÚÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ NAMES 1:listname 2:listname 3:listname ...
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 705 y : ÚÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ TEST 1:= 2: ƒ 3:> 4: ‚ 5:< 6: LOGIC 1:and 2:or 3:xor 4:not( y > Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄ.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 706 Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ EXEC 1: name 2: name ... EDIT 1: name 2: name .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 707 y < ÚÄÄÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ DRAW 1:ClrDraw 2:Line( 3:Horizontal 4:Vertical 5:Tangent( 6:DrawF 7:Shade( 8:DrawI.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 708 VARS Ú Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂ (Window…) X/Y 1:Xmin 2:Xmax 3:Xscl 4:Ymin 5:Ymax 6:Yscl 7:Xres 8: @ X 9: @ Y 0:XFact A.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 709 VARS ÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄ (GDB…) GRAPH DATABASE 1:GDB1 2:GDB2 ... 9:GDB9 0:GDB0 (Picture… ) PICTURE 1:Pic1 2:Pic2 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 710 VARS ÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄ .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 711 VARS ÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ (Table…) TABLE 1:TblStart 2: @ Tbl 3:TblInput (String…) STRING 1:Str1 2:Str2 3:Str3 4:Str4 ... 9:Str9 0:Str0 Y-VARS ÚÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÂÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ (Function…) FUNCTION 1:Y 1 2:Y 2 3:Y 3 4:Y 4 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 712 y = ÚÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ DISTR 1:normalpdf( 2:normalcdf( 3:invNorm( 4:tpdf( 5:tcdf( 6: c 2 pdf( 7: c 2 cdf( 8: Û pdf( 9: Û cdf( 0:bi.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 713 Œ ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ 1:Finance 2:CBL/CBR Finance ÚÄÄÄÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄ¿ CBL/CBR ÚÄÄÄ Ù CALC 1:TVM Solver.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 714 y L ÚÄÄ Ù MEMORY ÚÄÄ Ù MEMORY 1:About 2:Mem Mgmt/Del… 3:Clear Entries 4:ClrAllLists 5:Archive 6:UnArchive 7:Reset… 8:Group (Mem Mgmt/Del…).
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 715 MEMORY (Reset … ) ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ RAM 1:All RAM… 2:Defaults… ARCHIVE 1:Vars… 2:Apps… B:Both… ALL 1:All Memory… Resetting RAM erases all data and programs from RAM.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 716 ARCHIVE ÚÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ Á ÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄÄ¿ RESET ARC VARS 1:No 2:Reset RESET ARC APPS 1:No 2:Reset RESET ARC BOTH 1:No 2:Reset Resetting Vars erases all data and programs from Archive.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 717 MEMORY (UNGROUP...) ÚÄÄ Ù 1: name 2: name ... y N ÚÄÄ Ù CATALOG cosh( cosh L 1 ( ... Equ 4 String( expr( .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 718 Variables User Variables The TI-83 Plus uses the variables listed below in various ways. Some variables are restricted to specific data types. The variables A through Z and q are defined as real or complex numbers.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 719 Except for system variables, you can store any string of characters, functions, instructions, or variables to the functions Y n , ( 1 through 9 , and 0 ), X n T / Y n T ( 1 through 6 ), r n ( 1 through 6 ), u( n ) , v( n ) , and w( n ) directly or through the Y= editor.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 720 The variables below are reserved for use by the TI-83 Plus . You cannot store to them. n , v , Sx , s x , minX , maxX , G y , G y 2 , G xy , a , b , c , RegEQ , x 1 , x 2 , y1 , z , t , F , c 2 , Ç , v 1 , Sx1 , n1 , lower , upper , r 2 , R 2 and other statistical variables.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 721 Statistics Formulas This section contains statistics formulas for the Logistic and SinReg regressions, ANOVA , 2 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 722 SinReg The sine regression algorithm applies nonlinear recursive least-squares techniques to optimize the following cost function: () [] 2 1 sin ∑ = .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 723 The mean squares ( MS ) that make up Û are: df Factor SS Factor MS Factor = df Error SS Error MS Error = The sum of squares ( SS ) that make up the mea.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 724 where: I = number of populations x i = the mean of each list Sx i = the standard deviation of each list n i = the length of each list x = the mean of all lists 2 . Samp Ü Test Below is the definition for the 2 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 725 2 . Samp Ü Test for the alternative hypothesis s 1 > s 2 . ∫ ∞ − − = F dx n n x f p ) 1 , 1 , ( 2 1 2 . Samp Ü Test for the alternative hypothesis s 1 < s 2 . ∫ − − = F dx n n x f p 0 2 1 ) 1 , 1 , ( 2 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 726 2 . SampTTest The following is the definition for the 2 . SampTTest . The two-sample t statistic with degrees of freedom df is: S x x t 2 1 − = where the computation of S and df are dependent on whether the variances are pooled.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 727 otherwise: df Sx n Sx n Sx p 2 2 2 2 1 1 ) 1 ( ) 1 ( − + − = p Sx n n S 2 1 1 1 + = 2 2 1 − + = n n df and Sxp is the pooled variance.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 728 Financial Formulas This section contains financial formulas for computing time value of money, amortization, cash flow, interest-rate conversions, and days between dates. Time Value of Money [] 1 )) 1 ( ln ( − = + × x y e i where: PMT ƒ 0 y = C/Y ÷ P/Y x =( .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 729 [] 1 / 100 % )) 1 ln( ( − × × = + × x y e Y C I where: x= i y = P/Y ÷ C/Y k i G i × + = 1 where: k= 0 for end-of-period payments k= 1 for beginni.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 730 where: i ƒ 0 N FV PV PMT ÷ + = − ) ( where: i= 0 i G PMT i FV i G PMT PV i N i × − + × − × = ) 1 ( 1 where: i ƒ 0 ) .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 731 Amortization If computing bal ( ), pmt 2 = npmt Let bal ( 0 ) = RND ( PV ) Iterate from m = 1 to pmt 2 + − − = − × = − ) ( I ) 1 ( .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 732 where: RND = round the display to the number of decimal places selected RND12 = round to 12 decimal places Balance, principal, and interest are dependent on the values of PMT , PV , æ , and pmt 1 and pmt 2 .
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 733 Internal rate of return is dependent on the values of the initial cash flow ( CF 0 ) and subsequent cash flows ( CFj ). i = I % ÷ 100 Interest Rate Conversions 4 Eff = ) 1 ( 100 ) 1 ( ln − × + × x CP e where: x =.
TI-83 Plus Tables and Reference Information 734 Actual/actual day-count method (assumes actual number of days per month and actual number of days per year): dbd ( (days between dates) = Number of Days.
TI-83 Plus General Information 735 Appendix B: General Information Battery Information When to Replace the Batteries The TI-83 Plus uses five batteries: four AAA alkaline batteries and one lithium battery. The lithium battery provides auxiliary power to retain memory while you replace the AAA batteries.
TI-83 Plus General Information 736 After Message A is first displayed, you can expect the batteries to function for about one or two weeks, depending on usage. (This one- week to two-week period is based on tests with alkaline batteries; the performance of other kinds of batteries may vary.
TI-83 Plus General Information 737 Battery Precautions Take these precautions when replacing batteries. • Do not leave batteries within reach of children • Do not mix new and used batteries. Do not mix brands (or types within brands) of batteries.
TI-83 Plus General Information 738 Note: To avoid loss of information stored in memory, you must turn off the calculator. Do not remove the AAA batteries and the lithium battery simultaneously. 3. Replace all four AAA alkaline batteries simultaneously.
TI-83 Plus General Information 739 In Case of Difficulty Handling a Difficulty To handle a difficulty, follow these steps. 1. If you cannot see anything on the screen, the contrast may need to be adjusted. To darken the screen, press and release y , and then press and hold } until the display is sufficiently dark.
TI-83 Plus General Information 740 • Press y L 2 to display the MEMORY MANAGEMENT DELETE menu. • Select the type of data you want to delete, or select 1:All for a list of all variables of all types. A screen is displayed listing each variable of the type you selected and the number of bytes each variable is using.
TI-83 Plus General Information 741 • II. If the above solution does not work, reset all memory as follows: a. Remove one battery from the calculator and then press and hold down the ‘ key while re-installing the battery. While continuing to hold down the ‘ key, press and hold down the É key.
TI-83 Plus General Information 742 Error Conditions When the TI-83 Plus detects an error, it displays ERR: message and an error menu. Chapter 1 describes the general steps for correcting errors. This table contains each error type, possible causes, and suggestions for correction.
TI-83 Plus General Information 743 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies BAD GUESS • In a CALC operation, you specified a Guess that is not between Left Bound and Right Bound . • For the solve( function or the equation solver, you specified a guess that is not between lower and upper .
TI-83 Plus General Information 744 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies DATA TYPE You entered a value or variable that is the wrong data type. • For a function (including implied multiplication) or an instruction, you entered an argument that is an invalid data type, such as a complex number where a real number is required.
TI-83 Plus General Information 745 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies DOMAIN • You specified an argument to a function or instruction outside the valid range. This error is not returned during graphing. The TI-83 Plus allows for undefined values on a graph.
TI-83 Plus General Information 746 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies Error in Xmit • The TI-83 Plus was unable to transmit an item. Check to see that the cable is firmly connected to both units and that the receiving unit is in receive mode.
TI-83 Plus General Information 747 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies INVALID • You attempted to reference a variable or use a function where it is not valid. For example, Y n cannot reference Y , Xmin , @ X , or TblStart . • You attempted to reference a variable or function that was transferred from the TI .
TI-83 Plus General Information 748 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies INVALID DIM • You specified dimensions for an argument that are not appropriate for the operation. • You specified a list dimension as something other than an integer between 1 and 999.
TI-83 Plus General Information 749 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies MEMORY Memory is insufficient to perform the instruction or function. You must delete items from memory (Chapter 18) before executing the instruction or function. Recursive problems return this error; for example, graphing the equation Y 1 =Y 1 .
TI-83 Plus General Information 750 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies NO SIGN CHNG • The solve( function or the equation solver did not detect a sign change. • You attempted to compute æ when FV , ( Úä PMT ), and PV are all ‚ 0, or when FV , ( Úä PMT ), and PV are all 0.
TI-83 Plus General Information 751 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies SINGULARITY expression in the solve( function or the equation solver contains a singularity (a point at which the function is not defined). Examine a graph of the function.
TI-83 Plus General Information 752 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies UNDEFINED You referenced a variable that is not currently defined.
TI-83 Plus General Information 753 Error Type Possible Causes and Suggested Remedies WINDOW RANGE A problem exists with the window variables. • You defined Xmax Xmin or Ymax Ymin . • You defined q max q min and q step > 0 (or vice versa).
TI-83 Plus General Information 754 Accuracy Information Computational Accuracy To maximize accuracy, the TI-83 Plus carries more digits internally than it displays.
TI-83 Plus General Information 755 Ymin is the center of the next-to-the-bottom pixel; Ymax is the center of the top pixel. @ Y is the distance between the centers of two adjacent pixels. • In Full screen mode, @ Y is calculated as ( Ymax N Ymin ) à 62.
TI-83 Plus General Information 756 Function Limits Function Range of Input Values sin x , cos x , tan x 0 | x | < 10 12 (radian or degree) sin L 1 x , cos L 1 x L 1 x 1 ln x , log x 10 L 100 < x < 10 100 e x L 10 100 < x 230.
TI-83 Plus General Information 757 Function Results Function Range of Result sin L 1 x , tan L 1 x L 90 ¡ to 90 ¡ or Lpà 2 to pà 2 (radians) cos L 1 x 0 ¡ to 180 ¡ or 0 to p (radians).
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 758 Texas Instruments (TI) Support and Service For G eneral Infor mation Home Page: education.ti .com Knowl edgeBase and E-mail Inqui r ies: education.ti .com/support Phone: (800) TI-CARE S; (800) 842-2737 For U.S., C anada, Mexico, P uer to Rico, and V irgin Islands only International Informati on: education.
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 759 For P roduct (ha rdw are) S ervic e Customer s in the U.S . , Canada , Mex i co, P ue rto Rico a nd Virgi n Island s: Alw ays contact TI Customer Support before returning a product for service.
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 760 Warranty Information Custom ers i n the U.S . and Canada O nly One- Year Limit ed War rant y for C ommercial Electron ic Produ ct Thi s Tex as Instr uments ( “T I”) el ectroni c pr oduct warr anty extends only to the ori ginal pur chaser and user of the pr oduct.
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 761 Legal Remedies. T his war ranty gi ves you spec ific l egal ri ghts, and you m ay also have other rights that var y from state to stat e or pr ovince to pr ovince.
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 762 War rant y Coverag e. This T exas Instr uments el ectroni c pr oduct is w arranted against defective m aterial s and constr uction.
TI-83 Plus General Inf or m ation 763 such r epair and/or replac ement. TI s trongly r ecomm ends that you i nsur e the produc t for value if y ou mail it.
TI-83 Plus Index 764 Index ! (factorial), 94, 692 " " (string indicator), 484 " (seconds notation), 97, 697 æ (annual interest rate variable), 444, 462 ¡ (degrees notation), 692 à (d.
TI-83 Plus Index 765 4 Rect (to rectangular), 91, 679 … row( , 282, 680 … row+( , 282, 680 @ Tbl (table step variable), 205 ¨ TEMP , 471 ¨ TREF , 471 ¨ VOLT , 471 ¨ VREF , 471 @ X window varia.
TI-83 Plus Index 766 addition ( + ), 63, 696 alpha cursor, 12 alpha-lock, 18 alternative hypothesis, 391 amortization G Int( (sum of interest), 455, 668 G Prn( (sum of principal), 455, 676 bal( (amort.
TI-83 Plus Index 767 Boxplot plot type ( Ö ), 371 busy indicator, 11 —C— C/Y (compounding-periods-per-year variable), 444, 463 CALCULATE menu, 147 Calculate output option, 388, 392 cash flow calc.
TI-83 Plus Index 768 4 Dec (to decimal), 67, 659 4 DMS (to degrees/minutes/ seconds), 99, 661 4 Eff (to effective interest rate), 459 4 Frac (to fraction conversion), 67, 664 4 Nom (to nominal interes.
TI-83 Plus Index 769 defragmenting, 622 Degree angle mode, 22, 97, 659 degrees notation ( ¡ ), 98, 692 delete variable contents ( DelVar ), 523, 659 deleting items from memory , 599 DelVar (delete variable contents), 659 DependAsk , 206, 209, 659 DependAuto , 206, 209, 659 derivative.
TI-83 Plus Index 770 DRAW STO (draw store menu), 239 DrawF (draw a function), 224, 661 drawing on a graph circles ( Circle( ), 228 line segments ( Line( ), 218 lines ( Horizontal , Line( , Vertical ), 221 pixels ( Pxl . Change , Pxl . Off , Pxl . On , pxl .
TI-83 Plus Index 771 inequalities, 566 mortgage payments, 592 parametric equations, ferris wheel problem, 580 piecewise functions, 564 quadratic formula converting to a fraction, 542 displaying comple.
TI-83 Plus Index 772 cash flows, 452 days between dates, 460 interest rate conversions, 459 payment method, 461 time value of money ( TVM ), 448 Fix (fixed-decimal mode), 21, 663 fixed-decimal mode ( .
TI-83 Plus Index 773 Smart Graph, 129 tracing, 134 viewing window, 121 window variables, 121, 122, 123 Y= editor, 111 ZOOM MEMORY menu, 144 ZOOM menu, 138 function integral ( fnInt( ), 71, 663 function, definition of, 15 functions and instructions table, 654 future value, 444, 451 FV (future-value variable), 444, 462 —G— G .
TI-83 Plus Index 774 identity( , 277, 666 If instructions If , 512, 666 If-Then , 513, 666 If-Then-Else , 514, 667 imag( (imaginary part), 89, 667 imaginary part ( imag( ), 89, 667 implied multiplicat.
TI-83 Plus Index 775 key-code diagram, 532 —L— LabelOff , 127, 668 LabelOn , 127, 668 labels graph, 127, 668 program, 519, 669 Last Entry, 33 Lbl (label), 519, 669 lcm( (least common multiple), 82.
TI-83 Plus Index 776 using to select data points from a plot, 305 using with math operations, 63, 298 ln( , 65, 670 LnReg (logarithmic regression), 360, 670 log( , 65, 670 logic (Boolean) operators, 1.
TI-83 Plus Index 777 error, 626 insufficient during transmission, 653 resetting defaults, 604 resetting memory, 604 MEMORY menu, 596 Menu( (define menu), 521, 671 menus, 39, 40 defining ( Menu( ), 521.
TI-83 Plus Index 778 not equal to ( ƒ ), 101, 694 not( (Boolean operator), 104, 673 nPr (permutations), 93, 673 npv( (net present value), 453, 673 numerical derivative, 70, 152, 165, 175 numerical integral, 70, 153 —O— Omit , 619, 645 ON/HALT , 480 one-proportion z confidence interval ( 1 .
TI-83 Plus Index 779 PLOT , 476 Plot1( , 373, 674 Plot2( , 373, 674 Plot3( , 373, 674 PlotsOff , 375, 675 PlotsOn , 375, 675 plotting modes, 23 plotting stat data, 368 PMT (payment amount variable), 4.
TI-83 Plus Index 780 editing, 507 entering command lines, 504 executing, 505 inserting command lines, 508 instructions, 511 name ( prgm ), 522, 676 renaming, 509 running assembly language program, 537 stopping, 506 subroutines, 535 Prompt , 528, 676 Pt .
TI-83 Plus Index 781 RectGC (rectangular graphing coordinates), 126, 680 recursive sequences, 183 ref( (row-echelon form), 280, 680 reference#, 471 RegEQ (regression equation variable), 353, 599 regre.
TI-83 Plus Index 782 free-moving cursor, 189 graph format, 188 graph styles, 181 moving the cursor to a value, 190 nonrecursive sequences, 182 phase plots, 197 recursive sequences, 183 selecting and deselecting, 181 setting sequence mode, 179 TI . 83 Plus versus TI .
TI-83 Plus Index 783 setting, 248, 255 split-screen values, 231, 238, 254 square ( 2 ), 64, 694 square root ( ‡ ( ), 64, 695 STAT CALC menu, 356 STAT EDIT menu, 348 stat list editor attaching formul.
TI-83 Plus Index 784 statistical distribution functions. See distribution functions statistical plotting, 368 Boxplot (regular box plot), 371 defining, 373 from a program, 378 Histogram , 370 ModBoxpl.
TI-83 Plus Index 785 tangent lines, drawing, 222 Tangent( (draw line), 222, 687 tanh M 1 ( (hyperbolic arctangent), 496, 687 tanh( (hyperbolic tangent), 496, 687 TblStart (table start variable), 205 t.
TI-83 Plus Index 786 entering numbers during, 135, 164, 173, 189 expression display, 128, 135 Trace instruction in a program, 137, 688 transmitting error conditions, 652 from a TI . 73 to a TI . 83 Plus , 648 from a TI . 82 to a TI . 83 Plus , 646 lists to a TI .
TI-83 Plus Index 787 equation solver, 75 graph databases, 26 graph pictures, 26 independent/dependent, 209 list, 26, 286 matrix, 26, 258 real, 26 recalling values, 31 solver editor, 74 statistical, 365 string, 486, 487 test and interval output, 422 types, 26 user and system, 27, 718 VARS and Y .
TI-83 Plus Index 788 Y= editor function graphing, 111 parametric graphing, 158 polar graphing, 168 sequence graphing, 180 YFact zoom factor, 145 —Z— Z .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator i Quick-Find Locator Chapter 1: Operating the TI-83 Plus Silver Edition........................ 1 Documentation Conventions .....................................................................1 TI-83 Plus Keyboard ......
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator ii Entering a Number in Scientific Notation ..........................................14 Functions ..........................................................................................15 Instructions ................
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator iii Accessing a Previous Entry ..............................................................34 Reexecuting the Previous Entry ........................................................ 34 Multiple Entry Values on a Line ..
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator iv Calculator-Based Laboratory™ (CBL 2™, CBL™) and Calculator-Based Ranger™ (CBR™).......................................... 52 Other TI-83 Plus Features .........................................................
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator v log(, 10^(, ln( ..................................................................................... 65 e^( ( E x ponential) ................................................................................. 65 e (Constant) .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator vi int( ....................................................................................................81 min(, max( ......................................................................................... 81 lcm(, gcd( .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator vii ANGLE Menu .................................................................................... 97 Entry Notation ................................................................................... 97 ¡ (Degree) ....
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator viii Displaying Functions in the Y= Editor .............................................111 Defining or Editing a Function .........................................................111 Defining a Function from the Home Screen or a Program .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator ix LabelOff, LabelOn ........................................................................... 127 ExprOn, ExprOff ..............................................................................128 Displaying Graphs ....
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator x ZTrig................................................................................................ 142 ZInteger........................................................................................... 143 ZoomStat .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xi Displaying the Parametric Y= Editor ...............................................158 Selecting a Graph Style ..................................................................159 Defining and Editing Parametric Equations .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xii Exploring Polar Graphs .........................................................................173 Free-Moving Cursor ........................................................................ 173 TRACE ...............
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xiii ZOOM ............................................................................................. 191 CALC ..............................................................................................191 Evaluating u, v, and w .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xiv Displaying the Table .............................................................................209 The Table ........................................................................................ 209 Independent and Dependent Variables .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xv Shading Areas on a Graph ...................................................................226 Shading a Graph ............................................................................. 226 Drawing Circles ........
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xvi Storing Graph Databases (GDB) .......................................................... 242 What Is a Graph Database? ...........................................................242 Storing a Graph Database ..........
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xvii Chapter 10: Matrices .................................................................... 256 Getting Started: Systems of Linear Equations ...................................... 256 Defining a Matrix ................
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xviii Powers ............................................................................................ 272 Relational Operations .....................................................................272 iPart(, fPart(, int( .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xix Creating a List Name on the Home Screen ....................................286 Storing and Displaying Lists..................................................................288 Storing Elements to a List ............
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xx @ List( ............................................................................................... 303 Select( ............................................................................................. 304 Before Using Select( .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxi Attaching Formulas to List Names ........................................................ 336 Attaching a Formula to a List Name in Stat List Editor ...................336 Using the Stat List Editor When Formula-Generated Lists Are Displayed .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxii Frequency of Occurrence for Data Points .......................................357 1 . Var Stats ......................................................................................357 2 . Var Stats ...............
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxiii Defining the Plots ............................................................................ 373 Displaying Other Stat Plot Editors ................................................... 375 Turning On and Turning Off Stat Plots .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxiv 2 . SampTTest ..................................................................................400 1 . PropZTest ....................................................................................402 2 . PropZTest .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxv poissonpdf( .....................................................................................432 poissoncdf( ......................................................................................432 geometpdf( ...
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxvi tvm_FV ............................................................................................451 Calculating Cash Flows ........................................................................452 Calculating a Cash Flow .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxvii Specifying the Data Collection Method from the CBL/CBR APP Menu .................................................................................467 Specifying Options for Each Data Collection Method ...............
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxviii Entering a String ............................................................................. 484 Storing Strings to String Variables ........................................................ 486 String Variables .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxix Entering a Program Command Line ............................................... 504 Executing a Program ...................................................................... 505 Breaking a Program ..................
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxx GraphStyle( ..................................................................................... 524 PRGM I/O (Input/Output) Instructions ...................................................525 PRGM I/O Menu .........
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxi Defining a Table of Values ..............................................................547 Zooming In on the Table ................................................................. 549 Setting the Viewing Window ..
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxii Problem ...........................................................................................576 Procedure .......................................................................................576 Finding the Area between Curves .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxiii ClrAllLists ........................................................................................ 602 Resetting the TI-83 Plus .......................................................................603 RAM ARCHIVE ALL Menu .
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxiv Chapter 19: Communication Link ................................................ 629 Getting Started: Sending Variables.......................................................629 TI-83 Plus Silver Edition LINK........
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxv Appendix A: Tables and Reference Information........................ 654 Table of Functions and Instructions ...................................................... 654 TI-83 Plus Menu Map ............................
TI-83 Plus Quick-Find Locator xxxvi In Case of Difficulty ............................................................................... 739 Handling a Difficulty ........................................................................739 Error Conditions .
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Texas Instruments TI-83 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Texas Instruments TI-83 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Texas Instruments TI-83 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Texas Instruments TI-83 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Texas Instruments TI-83, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Texas Instruments TI-83.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Texas Instruments TI-83. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Texas Instruments TI-83 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
