Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto 39gs del fabbricante HP
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HP 3 9gs gr aphing calc ulato r user's guide Ed i t io n 3 P a rt Number F2 2 2 3AA-9 0001 HP 39gs English. book Page i Wed nesday, December 7, 2 005 11:24 PM.
Notice REG ISTER Y OUR PRODU CT A T: w ww .register .hp.com TH IS MANUAL AND ANY EXAMPLE S CONT AI NED HEREIN ARE PRO VIDED “ AS IS” AND ARE SUBJECT T O CHANG E WITHOUT NO TICE.
i Contents Preface Manual conventions ............. ................ ................ ................. P-1 Notice .. ................. ................ ................ ................. ............. P-2 1 Getting started On/off, cancel o perations .
ii 3 Function aplet About the Function aple t ................. ............. ................ .......... 3-1 Getting started w ith the Function aplet ................ ................ 3-1 Function aplet intera ctive analysis ....... .................
iii Exploring the graph ...... ................ ................ ................ 10-19 Calculating pre dicted values ....... ................ ................ ... 10-20 11 Inference aplet About the Inference a plet ............ ................. ....
iv Two-variab le statistic s ............. ............. ................ ......... 13-17 Symbolic functions .... ................... ................. ............... 13-17 Test functions ......... ................ ............. ................ ....
v Using programs ................... ................ ................ ............... 18-7 Customiz ing an aplet ............ ................ ............. ................ .. 18-9 Aplet naming convention .................. ................ ........
vi Polar aplet variable s .............. ................ ................ .......... R-9 Sequence aplet variables ........... ................ ................. .... R-10 Solve aplet variab les .............. ................ ................ .......
P-1 Pr eface The HP 39gs is a feature-rich graphing calculator. It i s also a powerful mathematics learning tool. The HP 39gs is designed so that you can use it to explore mathematical functions and their prop erties. You can get more information on the HP 39gs from Hewlett-Packard’s Calcula tors web site.
P-2 Notice This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice. Except to the extent prohibit ed by law, Hewlett-Packard Company makes no express .
Getting started 1-1 1 Get ting star ted On/off, cancel operations To turn on Press to turn on the calculator. To cancel When the calculator is on, the key cancels the current operation. To turn off Press OFF to turn the calculator off. To save power, the calculator turns itself off after sev eral minutes of inactivity.
1-2 Getting started The display To adjust the contrast Simultaneously press and (or ) to increase (or decrease) the contrast. To clear the display • Pr ess CANCEL to c lear the edit line . • Pr ess CLEA R to c lear the edit line and the display history .
Getting started 1-3 Annunciators . Annunciators are sy mbols that appear above the title bar and give you important status information. The keyboard Menu keys Annunciator Description Shift in effect for next keystrok e. To cancel, press again. α Alpha in effect for next keystroke.
1-4 Getting started • On the calc ulator k e y boar d, the top r ow of k ey s are called menu k ey s . The ir meanings depend on the conte xt—that’s w h y their to ps ar e blank .
Getting started 1-5 Entry/Edit keys The entry and edit keys are: K e y Meaning ( CANCEL ) Cancels the current operation if the calculator is on by pressing . Pressing , then OFF turns the calculator off. Accesses the function printed in blue above a key.
1-6 Getting started Shifted ke ystrokes There are two shift keys that you use to access the operations and characters printed above the keys: and . CHARS Displays a menu of all available characters. To type one, use the arrow keys to highlight it, and press .
Getting started 1-7 HELPWITH The HP 39gs built-in hel p is available in HOME only. It provides syntax help for bu ilt-in math functions. Access the HELPWITH command by pressing SYNTAX and then the math key for which you require syntax help.
1-8 Getting started • Pr essing displa y s a menu of ph y sical constants f r om the f ields o f chemistry , phy sic s, and quantum mec hanic s. Y ou can u se these consta nts in calc ulati ons . (See “Ph ysi cal constants ” on page 13- 2 5 f or mor e inf or mation .
Getting started 1-9 • If ther e are tw o columns , the left column sho ws gener al categori es and the righ t column sho w s spec ifi c cont ents w ithin a catego ry . Hi ghligh t a gener al category in the left column, then hi ghligh t an item in the r ight column.
1-10 Getting started Mode settings You use the Modes inpu t form to set the modes for HOME. HINT Although the numeric setting in Modes affects only HOME, the angle setting controls HOME and the current aplet. The angle setting selecte d in Modes is the angle setting used in both HOME and current aplet.
Getting started 1-11 Setting a mode This example demonstrates how to change the angle measure from the default mode, radians, to degrees for the current aplet. The procedure is the s ame for changing number format and decimal mark modes. 1. Pr ess MODES t o o p e n t h e H O M E M O D ES i n p u t form.
1-12 Getting started T he cur sor (hi ghlight) is in the fir st f ield , Angle Measur e . 2 . Pr ess to display a li st of choic es. 3. P re s s to select Degrees , and pr ess .
Getting started 1-13 symbolic views of the aplets in the following table. See “Aplet view configuration” on page 1 -18 for further information. In addition to these aplets, wh ich can be u sed in a variety of applications, the HP 39 gs is supplied with two teaching aplets: Quad Explorer and Trig Explorer.
1-14 Getting started charge and transferred to the HP 39gs using the provided Connectivity Kit. Quad Explorer aplet The Quad Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of as the values of a ,.
Getting started 1-15 Trig Explorer aplet The Trig Explorer aplet is used to investigate the behaviour of the graph of as the values of a , b , c and d change, both by manipulating the equation and seeing the change in the graph, or by manipulating the graph and seeing the change in the equation.
1-16 Getting started Aplet library Aplets are stored in the Aplet library. To open an aplet Press to display the Aplet library me nu. Select the aplet and press or .
Getting started 1-17 Numeric view Press to dis play the aplet’s Numeric view. In this view, the functions that you have defined are displayed in tabular format. See “About the numeric view” on page 2 -16 for further information. Plot-Table view The VIEWS menu contains the Plot-Table view.
1-18 Getting started Note view Press NOTE to display the aplet’s note view. This note is transferred with the aplet if it is sent to another calculator or to a PC. A note view contains text to supplement an aplet. See “Notes and ske tches” on page 17-1 for further information.
Getting started 1-19 To change views Each view is a separate environment. To ch ange a view, select a different view by pressing , , keys or select a view from the VIEWS menu. To change to HOME, press . You do not explicitly close the current view, you just ente r another one—like passing from one room into another in a house.
1-20 Getting started Example Calculate : Long results If the result is too long to fit on the display line, or if you want to see an expression in textbook format, press to highlight it and then press . Negative numbers Type to start a negative number or to insert a negative sign.
Getting started 1-21 However, for clarity, it is better to include the multiplication sign where you expect multiplication in an expression. It is clearest to enter AB as A*B . HINT Implied multiplication will not always work as expecte d. For example, entering A(B+4 ) will not give A*(B+4) .
1-22 Getting started Algebraic precedence order of evaluation Functions within an expression are evaluated in the following order of precedence. Functions with the same precedence are evaluated in order from left to right. 1. E xpressions w it hin parenthe ses.
Getting started 1-23 When you highlight a previous input or result (by pressing ), the and menu labels appear. To copy a previous line Highlight the line (press ) and press . The number (or expression) is co pied into the e dit line. To reuse the last result Press AN S (last answer) to put the last result from the HOME display into an expression.
1-24 Getting started HINT When you retrieve a number from ANS , you obtain the result to its full precision. When you retrieve a number from the HOME’s display history, you obtain exactly what was displaye d. Pressing evaluates (or re-evaluates) the last input, whereas pressing ANS copies the last result (as ANS ) into the edit line.
Getting started 1-25 Accessing the display history Pressing enables the highlight bar in the display history. While the highlight bar is active, the following menu and keyboard keys are very useful: Clearing the display history It’s a good habit to cl ear the display his tory ( CLEAR ) whenever you have finish e d working in HOME.
1-26 Getting started 2 . Select Number Format , pr ess to display the optio ns, and hi ghlight Fract ion or Mixed Fraction . 3 . Pr ess to sele ct the Number F ormat option , then mo ve to the prec ision value field . 4. Enter the prec ision v alue that yo u want to us e , and pr ess to set the pr ecisi on .
Getting started 1-27 • Pr ec ision set to 1: • Pr ec ision set to 2 : • Pr ec ision set to 3: • Pr ec ision set to 4 Fraction calculations When entering fractions: • Y ou use the ke y to separate the numerator part and the denominator par t of the fr action.
1-28 Getting started 2. E n t e r t h e c a l c u l a t i o n . 32 3 45 7 8 Note: Ensur e y ou ar e in the HOME v ie w . 3 . E valuat e the calc ulation . Note that if you had selected Mixed Fraction instead of Fraction as the Number format, the answer would have been expressed as 25+7/8.
Getting started 1-29 In this e x ample , the fr action pr ec ision is s et to 6. Complex numbers Complex results The HP 39gs can return a complex number as a result for some math functions. A comp lex number appears a s an ordered pair ( x, y ), where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part.
1-30 Getting started Catalogs and editors The HP 39gs has several catalogs and editors. You use them to create and manipulate objects. They access features and stored values (numbe rs or text or other items) that are independent of aplets. • A catalog lists items, w hich y ou can delete or tr ansmit , for e xampl e an aplet .
Aplets and their views 2-1 2 Aplets and t heir v ie w s Aplet views This section examines the options an d functionality of the three main views for the Function, Polar, Parametric, and Sequence aplets: Symbolic, Plot, and Numeric views.
2-2 Aplets and their views – For a F unc tion definiti on , e nt er an e xpr es sio n to def ine F(X) . The only independent variab le in th e ex pre ss i on i s X. – Fo r a P arametric definiti on , e nt er a pair of e xpr essi ons to def ine X(T) and Y(T) .
Aplets and their views 2-3 Evaluating expressions In aplets In the Symbolic view, a variable is a symbol only, and does not represent one specif ic value. To evaluate a function in Symbolic view, press . If a function calls another function, then reso lves all references to other functions in terms of their independent variable.
2-4 Aplets and their views In HOME You can also evaluate any expression in HOME by entering it into the edit line and pressing . For example, define F4 as below. In HOME, type F4(9) and press . This evaluates the expression, substituting 9 in place of X into F4 .
Aplets and their views 2-5 About the Plot view After entering and selecting (check marking) the expression in the Symbolic view, press . To adjust the appearance of the graph or the interval that is displayed, you can change the Plot view settings. You can plot up to ten expressions at the same time.
2-6 Aplets and their views Plot view settings The plot view settings are: Those items with space for a checkmark are settings you can turn on or off. Press to display the second page. F ield Meaning XRNG, YRNG Specifies the minimum and maximum horizontal ( X ) and vertical ( Y ) values for the plotting window.
Aplets and their views 2-7 Reset plot settings To reset the default values for all plot settings, press CLEAR in the Plot Setup view. To reset the default value for a field, highlight the field, and pres s . Exploring the graph Pl o t v i ew g iv e s y ou a se l ec t io n of k ey s a n d m e nu k ey s to explore a graph further.
2-8 Aplets and their views Trace a graph You can trace along a function using the or key which moves the cur sor along the graph. The display also shows the current coordinate position ( x, y ) of the cursor. Trace mode and the coordinate di splay are automatically set when a plot is drawn.
Aplets and their views 2-9 To jump directly to a value To jump straight to a value rather than using the Trace function, use the menu key. Press , then enter a value. Press to jump to the value. To turn trace on/off If the menu labels are no t displayed, press first.
2-10 Aplets and their views Y-Zoom In Divides vertical scale only, using Y-factor. Y-Zoom Out Multipli es vertical scale only, using Y-factor. Square Changes the vertical scale to match the horizontal scale. (Use this after doing a Box Zoo m, X-Zoom, or Y-Zoom.
Aplets and their views 2-11 ZOOM examples The following screens show the effects of zooming options on a plot of . Plot of Zoom In : In Un-zoom : Un-zoom Note: Press to move to the bottom of the Zoom list. Zoom Out : Out Now un -zoom . X-Zoom In : X-Zoom In Now un -zoom .
2-12 Aplets and their views Y-Zoom In: Y-Zoom In Now un-zoom. Y-Zoom Out: Y-Zoom Out Zoom Square: Square To box zoom The Box Zoom option lets you dr aw a box aroun d the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of one diagonal of the zoom rectangle.
Aplets and their views 2-13 To set zoom factors 1. In the P lot v ie w , pr ess . 2. P r e s s . 3. S e l e c t Set Factors... and pr es s . 4. Enter the z oom fac tors . Ther e is one z oom fac tor f or the hor i z ontal sc ale ( XZOOM ) and one f or the vertical sca le ( YZOOM ).
2-14 Aplets and their views Split the screen The Plot-Detail view can give you two simultaneous views of the plot. 1. Pr ess . Se lect Plot-Detai l and pr ess . The gr aph i s plotted twi ce. Y ou can no w z oom in on the r ight si de. 2. P r e s s , selec t the z oom method and pres s or .
Aplets and their views 2-15 – mo ves the leftmost c ursor to the scr een’s left edge an d mo ves the ri ghtmost c ursor to the s cr een ’s ri ght edge . – T he menu k e y copies the r ight plot t o the left plot . 3 . T o un -split the sc reen , pre ss .
2-16 Aplets and their views About the numeric view After entering and selecting (check marking) the expression or expressions that you want to explore in the Symbolic view, press to view a table of data values for the independent variable ( X , T, θ , or N ) and dependent variables.
Aplets and their views 2-17 Numeric view settings The following table details the fields on the Numeric Setup input form. Reset numeric settings To reset the default values for all table settings, press CLEAR . Exploring the table of numbers NUM view menu keys The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the table of numbers.
2-18 Aplets and their views ZOOM options The following table lists the zoom options: The display on the right is a Zoom In of the display on the left. The ZOOM factor is 4. HINT To jump to an independent va riable value in the table, use the arrow keys to place the cursor in the independent variable column, then enter the value to jump to.
Aplets and their views 2-19 Building your own table of numbers The default NUMTYPE is “Automatic”, which fills the table with data for regular intervals of the independent ( X , T , θ , or N ) variable. With the NUMTYPE option set to “Build Your Own”, you fill the table yourself by typing in the independent-variable values yo u want.
2-20 Aplets and their views “Build Your Own” menu keys Example: plotting a circle Plot the circle, x 2 + y 2 = 9 . Fi rst rearrange it to read . To plot both the positive and negative y values, you need to define two equations as follows: and K e y Meaning Puts the highlighted independent value ( X , T , θ , or N ) into the edit line.
Aplets and their views 2-21 1. In the F unction aplet , spec ify the functi ons . Select Function 9 9 2 . Rese t the gr aph se tup to the de fa ult setting s. SETUP - PLOT CLEAR 3 . P lot the two func tions and hide the men u so that y ou can see all the ci rc l e.
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Function aplet 3-1 3 F unc tion aplet About the Function aplet The Function aplet enables you to explore up to 10 real-valued, rectangu lar functions y in terms of x .
3-2 Function aplet Define the expressions 2 . T her e are 10 f uncti on def inition f ields on the F uncti on aplet’s S y mbolic v ie w sc r een . Th ey ar e labeled F1(X) to F0(X). Highligh t the func tion de f inition f ield y ou w ant to use , and en ter a n e xpr es si on .
Function aplet 3-3 Change the scale 6 . Y ou can chan ge the scale to see mo r e or le ss of your gr aphs . In this e xam ple , ch oose Auto Scale . (See “VIEW S menu options ” on page 2 -13 f or a de scr ip t ion of Aut o Sc al e) . Select Auto Scale Trace a graph 7 .
3-4 Function aplet Analyse graph with FCN functions 9. Display the Plot view menu. From the Plot view menu, you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots, intersections, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based ap lets).
Function aplet 3-5 12 . Cho ose the linear f unction w hose int ers ecti on w ith the quadr atic functi on you w ish to f ind. T he coor dinates o f the inters ecti on poin t ar e display ed at the bottom of the scr een.
3-6 Function aplet 15 . Mo v e the c urso r to x = –2 by pr essing the or key . 16 . Pr es s to acce pt using F2(x) = (x + 3) 2 – 2 as the other boundar y for the integr al. 17 . Choo se the end v alue for x . 1 Th e cu rs or ju mps t o x = – 1 on the linear func tion .
Function aplet 3-7 HINT The Root and Extremum functions return one value only even if the function has more than one r oot or extremum. The function finds the value closest to the position of the cursor. You need to re- locate the cursor to find oth er roots or extrema that may exist.
3-8 Function aplet To navigate around a table 2 4. Mo v e to X = –5 .9 . 6 times To go directly to a value 2 5. Mov e direc tly to X = 10. 1 0 To access the zoom options 2 6 . Z oom in on X = 10 by a fact or of 4. Note: NUMZOOM has a setting of 4 . In To change font size 2 7 .
Function aplet 3-9 Function aplet interactive analysis From the Plot view ( ), you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find r oots, intersections, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based aplets). See “FCN functions” on page 3- 10.
3-10 Function aplet FCN functions The FCN functions are: Function Description Root Select Root to find the root of the current function nearest the cursor. If no root is found, but only an extremum, then the result is labeled EXTR: instead of ROOT: . (The root-finder is also used in the Solve aplet.
Function aplet 3-11 Shading area You can shade a selected area between functio ns. This process also gi ves you an appro ximate measurement of the area shaded. 1. Open the F unction aplet. T he Func tion aplet opens in the S ymbolic v ie w . 2 . Select the e xpr essi ons wh ose c ur v es y ou w ant to stu dy .
3-12 Function aplet Plotting a piecewise-defined function Suppose you wanted to plot the following piecewise- defined function. 1. Open the F unction apl et . Sele ct Function 2 . Highlight the line you wan t to us e , and ente r the e xpre ssion . (Y ou can pre ss to delete an e xisting line , or CLEAR to c lear all lines .
Parametric aplet 4-1 4 Pa r a m e t r i c a p l e t About the Parametric aplet The Parametric aplet allows you to explore parametric equations. These are equ ations in which both x and y are defined as functions of t .
4-2 Parametric aplet Set angle measure 3 . Set the angle measu r e to degrees. MODES Select Degrees Set up the plot 4. Display the graphing options. PLOT T he P lot Setu p inpu t for m has t w o f ields n ot inc luded in the Func tion aplet , TRNG and TSTEP .
Parametric aplet 4-3 Overlay plot 8. Plot a triangle graph over the existing ci rcle graph. PLOT 120 Sele ct Overlay Plot A tri angle is displa yed r ather than a c irc le ( with out c hanging the equati on) becaus e the c hanged value o f TSTEP ensur es that points be ing plot ted ar e 120 ° apart instea d of near l y continuou s.
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Polar aplet 5-1 5 Po l a r a p l e t Getting started with the Polar aplet Open the Polar aplet 1. Open the P olar aplet . Sele ct Polar L ik e the F unction aple t , the P o lar aplet opens in the S ymboli c v ie w . Define the expression 2 . Define the po lar equati on .
5-2 Polar aplet Explore the graph 5 . Displa y the Plot v ie w menu k ey labels . Th e Pl ot vi ew op t i on s av ailable ar e the same as those f ound in the F u ncti on aplet . See “Explor ing the gra ph ” on page 2 - 7 fo r further informati on .
Sequence aplet 6-1 6 Sequence aplet About the Sequence aplet The Sequence aplet allows you to explore sequences. You can define a sequence named, for example, U1: • in terms of n • in terms of U1 ( n –1) •i n ter ms of U1 ( n –2) • in ter ms of another sequence , for e xample , U2 ( n ) • in an y combination of the a bov e.
6-2 Sequence aplet Open the Sequence ap let 1. Open the Sequ ence aplet . Sele ct Sequence The Sequence ap let starts in the S ymboli c view . Define the expression 2 . Def ine the F ibonacc i sequence, in w hich eac h term (after the f irst tw o) is the sum of the pr eceding tw o terms: , , for .
Sequence aplet 6-3 Plot the sequence 4. P lot the Fibonacc i sequ ence. 5. In Plot Setup, set the SEQPLOT option to Co bweb . SETUP - PLOT Select Cobweb Display the table 6 .
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Solve aple t 7-1 7 Solve aplet About the Solve aplet The Solve aplet solves an equation or an expression for its unknown variable . You define an equation or expression in the symbolic view, then supply values for all the variables exce pt one in the numeric view.
7-2 Solve a plet Getting started with the Solve aplet Suppose you want to find th e acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16.67 m/sec (60 kph) to 27.78 m/sec (100 kph) in a distance of 1 00 m. The equation to solve is: Open the Solve aplet 1.
Solve aple t 7-3 4. Enter the values f or the kno wn va ri ables . 2 7 7 8 1 6 6 7 1 0 0 HINT If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form ( MODES ) is set to Comma, use instead of . Solve the unknown variable 5. Sol v e f or the unkno wn var iable ( A ).
7-4 Solve a plet 6. P lot the equati on f or v ari able A . Sele ct Auto Scale 7 . T race along the gr aph r epr esen ting the left side of the equati on until the c ursor nears the inter sec tion . 20 times Note the v alue o f A display ed near the bottom left corner of the scr een.
Solve aple t 7-5 Use an initial guess You can usually obtain a fa ster and more accurate solution if you supply an estimated valu e for the unknown variable before pressing . Solve starts looking for a solution at the initial guess. Bef or e plottin g , make sur e the unkno wn v ariable is highli ghted in the nume ri c v ie w .
7-6 Solve a plet Interpreting results After Solve has returned a solution, press in the Numeric view for more information. You will see one of the following three messages.
Solve aple t 7-7 If Solve could not find a solution, you will see one of the following two messages. HINT It is important to check the information relating to the solve process. For example, the solution that the Solve aplet finds is not a solution, but the closest that the function gets to zero.
7-8 Solve a plet where X is distance, V 0 is initial velocity, T is time, and A is acceleration. This is actually two equations, Y = X and Y = V 0 T + (AT 2 ) / 2 . Since this equation is quadratic for T , there can be both a positive and a negative solution.
Solve aple t 7-9 5. Move the cursor near the positive (right-side) intersection. This cursor value will be an initial guess for T . Pr ess until the c urs or is at the inters ecti on. Th e t wo p oi nt s of inter sec tion sho w that ther e ar e tw o soluti ons f or this equati on .
7-10 Solve a plet Using variables in equations You can use any of the real variable names, A to Z and θ . Do not use variable nam es defined for other type s, such as M 1 (a matrix variable).
Linear Solve r aplet 8-1 8 Li n e a r S o lve r a p l e t About the Linear Solver aplet The Linear Solver aplet allows you to solve a set of Linear Equations. The set can contain two or three linear equations. In a two-equation set, each equation must be in the form .
8-2 Linear Solver aplet Choose the equation set 2 . If the last time y ou us ed the L inear Sol v er aplet yo u so l ve d fo r t wo equati ons, the tw o - equati on input f orm is display ed (as in the e x ample in the pr ev ious step) . T o solv e a th r e e -equation set , pre ss .
Linear Solve r aplet 8-3 soon as the f irst co -eff ic ient o f the last eq uation was enter ed. As you enter each of the r emaining kno wn v alues , the soluti on c hanges . T he ex ample at the ri ght sho ws the fi nal soluti on once all th e c o - efficient s a nd constants are e nter ed for the set o f equati ons w e set out to solve .
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Triangle Solve apl et 9-1 9 T riangle Solv e aplet About the Triangle Solver aplet The Triangle Solver aplet a llows you to determine the length of a side of a triangle, or the ang le at the vertex of a triangle, from information you supply about the other lengths and/or other angles.
9-2 Triangle Solv e aplet Open the Triangle Solver aplet 1. Open the T riangle S olv er aplet . Sele ct Triangle Solver The T r iangle Solv er aplet open s . Note : if y ou h a v e alr eady u sed the T ri angle Sol v er , the entries and re sul ts fr om the pre v ious use w i ll still be display ed.
Triangle Solve apl et 9-3 lengths as B and C, w e would ne ed to spec if y the angle as α . T he illustr a ti on on the displa y w ill help y ou determine wher e to enter t he know n values. Note: if y ou need to change the angle measur e mode , pres s MO DES , change the mode , and then pr ess to r eturn to the aplet .
9-4 Triangle Solv e aplet Not enough data If you are using the general input form, you need to specify at least three values for the Triangle Solver to be able to calculate the remaining attributes of the triangle. If you specify less than three , Not enough data appears on the screen.
Statistics aplet 10-1 10 Statis tic s a ple t About the Statistics aplet The Statistics aplet can store up to ten data sets at one time. It can perform one- variab le or two-variable statistical analysis of one or more sets of data. The Statistics aplet starts with the Numeric view which is used to enter data.
10-2 Statistics aplet Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statis tics a plet and c lear e x isting data b y pr essing . Select Statistics Th e S ta t is ti cs ap l et starts in the Numer ical view .
Statistics aplet 10-3 Choose fit and data columns 4. Select a fi t in the S y mbolic setu p vi e w . SETUP - SYMB Sele ct Linear Y ou c a n cre at e u p t o five ex p lo ra t io n s of t wo - va ri ab l e data , named S1 to S5 . I n t hi s exa m pl e, we wil l cre a te jus t o n e: S1 .
10-4 Statistics aplet Setup plot 8. Change the plotting range t o ensur e all the data points ar e plot ted (and select a diff er ent point mar k, if yo u wi s h ) . SETUP - PLOT 7 100 400 0 Plot the graph 9 . Plo t the gr aph . Draw the regression curve 10.
Statistics aplet 10-5 Predict values 13 . T o find the pr edic ted sale s f igur e if adv er tising w er e to go up to 6 minute s: S ( to highlight Stat-Two ) (to highligh t PREDY ) 6 14. Retu rn to the P lot vi e w . 15 . Jum p to the indicat ed point on the r egr essi on line .
10-6 Statistics aplet Entering and editing statistical data The Numeric view ( ) is used to enter data into the Statistics aplet. Each column represents a variable named C0 to C9 . After entering the data, you must define the data set in the Symbolic view ( ).
Statistics aplet 10-7 Example You are measurin g the height of students in a classroom to find the mean height. The first five students have the following measurements 160cm, 165cm, 1 70cm, 175cm, 180cm. 1. Open the Stati stics aplet . Sele ct Statistics 2 .
10-8 Statistics aplet Note that the title o f the colu mn o f st atis ti cs i s H1 . Ther e a r e 5 data set de f initions a vailable for one -v ari able sta tis tics : H1–H5 . If data is entered in C1 , H1 is automatically set to use C1 fo r data , and the fr equency of eac h data point is set to 1.
Statistics aplet 10-9 To continue our example, supp ose that the heights of the rest of the students in the class are measured, but each one is rounded to the nearest of the five values first recorded. Instead of entering all the new data in C1 , we shall simply add another column, C2 , that holds the frequencies of our five data points in C1 .
10-10 Statistics aplet 6 . R eturn t o the numer ic vi ew . 7 . Ente r the fr equency data sho wn in the a bo ve t able . 5 3 8 2 1 8. Display the comp uted sta tis tics. The mean height is approxim ately 167.63cm. 9 . Setu p a histogr am plot for the data .
Statistics aplet 10-11 Delete data • T o delete a single data item, highli ght it and pr ess . T he value s belo w the delet ed cell w ill scr oll up one ro w . • T o delete a column of data , highli ght an entry in that column and press CLEAR . Select the co lumn name .
10-12 Statistics aplet Defining a regression model The Symbolic view includes an expression (Fit1 through Fit5) that defines the regression model, or “fit”, to use for the regression analysis of each two-variable data set. There are three ways to select a regression model: • Accept the d efa ult opt ion to f it th e data to a straight line .
Statistics aplet 10-13 To define your own fit 1. In Numeric v iew , make sur e is set. 2 . Display the S y mbolic v iew . 3 . Highligh t the F it expr es sion ( Fit1 , et c.) f or the desir ed data set. 4. T y pe in an e xpr essi on and pr ess . The independent variable must be X , and the e xpr essi on mu st not cont ain any unkn o wn v aria bles.
10-14 Statistics aplet Computed statistics One-variable When the data set contains an odd number of values, the data set’s median value is no t us ed when calculating Q1 and Q3 in the table above.
Statistics aplet 10-15 Two-variable Plotting You can p lot: • histogr ams ( ) • bo x -and-whisk er plots ( ) • scat ter plots ( ) . Once you have ente red your data ( ), defined your data set ( ), and defined your Fit model for two- variable statistics ( SETUP - SYMB ), you can plot your data.
10-16 Statistics aplet To plot statistical data 1. In Sy mbolic v i ew ( ) , se lect ( ) the data sets y ou w ant to plot . 2 . Fo r one -var iable dat a ( ) , selec t the plot type in P lot Setup ( SETUP - PLOT ) . Highli ght ST A TPLOT , pr ess , select e ither Histogram or BoxWhisker , and pr es s .
Statistics aplet 10-17 Scatter Plot Tw o-variable statistics . The numbers below the plot indicate that the cursor is at the first data point for S2, at (1, 6). Press to move to the next data point and display information about it. To connect the data points as they are plotted, checkmark CONNECT in the second page of the Plot Setup.
10-18 Statistics aplet Relati ve Error The relative error is a measure of the error between predicted values and actual va lues based on the specified Fit.
Statistics aplet 10-19 For instance, the data set (1,1 ), (3,9), (4,16), (2,4) would be plotted and traced in the order (1,1), (2,4), (3,9), (4,16). Trouble-shooting a plot If you have problems plotting, check that you have the following: • T he cor r ect or menu label o n (Numer ic vi ew ) .
10-20 Statistics aplet Calculating predicted values The functions PREDX and PREDY estimate (predict) values for X or Y given a hypothetical value for the other. The estimation is made based on the curve that has been calculated to fit the data a ccording to the specified fit.
Statistics aplet 10-21 • Enter P RED Y( x-value ) to f ind the pr edicted v alue of the dependent var iable gi ven a h ypothetical independent va riab l e. You can type PREDX and PREDY into the edit line, or you can copy these function names from the MATH menu under the Stat-Two category.
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Inference aplet 11-1 11 Inference aplet About the Inference aplet The Inference capabilities include calculation of confidence intervals and hy pothesis tests based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution.
11-2 Inferenc e aplet Inference aplet’s SYMB view keys The table below summarizes the options available in Symbolic view. If you choose one of the hypoth esis tes ts, you can choose the alternative hypothesis to test against the null hypothesis.
Inference aplet 11-3 Select the inferential method 2. Select the Hypothesis Test infer ential method. Select HYPOTH TEST 3. Define the type of test. Z–Test: 1 μ 4. Select an alternative hypothesis. μ< μ0 Enter data 5. Enter the sample statistics and population parameters.
11-4 Inferenc e aplet By default, each field already contains a value. These values constitu te the example database and are expla ined in the feature of this aplet. Display on-line help 6. To display the on-line help, press 7. To close the on-line help, press .
Inference aplet 11-5 A calculator produces the following 6 random number s: 0.529, 0.295, 0.95 2, 0.259, 0.925, and 0. 592 Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statistics aplet and reset the current settings. Select Statistics The Statistics aplet opens in the Numeric view.
11-6 Inferenc e aplet Open Inference aplet 6. Open the Inference aplet and clear current s ettings. Select Inference Select inference method and type 7. Select an inference method. Select CONF INTERVAL 8. Select a distribution statistic type. Select T-Int: 1 μ Set up the interval calculation 9.
Inference aplet 11-7 Import the data 10. Import the data from the Statistics aple t. Note: The data from C1 is disp layed by default. Note: Press to see the statistics before importing them into the Numeric Setup view. Also, if there is more than one ap let based on the Statistics aplet, you are prompted to choose one.
11-8 Inferenc e aplet Hypothesis tests You use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses that relate to the statistical parameters of one or two populations.
Inference aplet 11-9 Results The results are: Two-Sample Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: μ 1– μ 2 On the basis of two samples, each from a separate population, this test measu res the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis.
11-10 Inferenc e aplet Results The results are: One-Proportion Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: 1π On the basis of statistics from a single sample, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis.
Inference aplet 11-11 Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: Two-Proportion Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: π 1 – π 2 On the basis of statistics fr om two samples, each from a different population, the Two-Proportion Z-Test measures the stre ngth of the evidence for a selected hypo thesis against the null hypothesis.
11-12 Inferenc e aplet Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: One-Sample T-Test Menu name T-Test: 1 μ The One-sample T-Test is used when the population standard deviation i s not know n. On the basis of statistics from a single sample, this tes t measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the nu ll hypothesis.
Inference aplet 11-13 Inputs The inputs are: Results The results are: Field name Definiti on Sample mean. Sx Sample standard de viation. n Sample size. μ0 Hypothetical population mean. α Significance level. x Result Description Test T T-Test statistic.
11-14 Inferenc e aplet Two-Sample T-Test Menu name T-Test: μ 1 – μ 2 The Two-sample T-Test is used when the population standard deviation i s not know n. On the basis of statistics from two samples, each sample from a different population, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis.
Inference aplet 11-15 Results The results are: Confidence intervals The confidence interval calculations that the HP 39gs can perform are based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution.
11-16 Inferenc e aplet Results The results are: Two-Sample Z-Interval Menu name Z-IN T: μ1 – μ2 This option uses the Normal Z- distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, μ 1 – μ 2 , when the population standard deviations, σ 1 and σ 2 , are known.
Inference aplet 11-17 One-Proportion Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: 1 π This option uses the Normal Z-distributio n to calculate a confidence interval for the proportion of successes in a population for the case in wh ich a sample of size, n , has a number of successes, x .
11-18 Inferenc e aplet Results The results are: One-Sample T-Interval Menu name T-INT: 1 μ This option uses the Student’s t-distribution to ca lculate a confidence interval for m, the true mean of a population, for the case in which the true population standard deviation, s, is unknown.
Inference aplet 11-19 Results The results are: Two-Sample T-Interval Menu name T-INT: μ 1 – μ 2 This option uses the Student’s t-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, μ 1 – μ 2, when the population standard deviations, s1 and s2, are unknown.
11-20 Inferenc e aplet Results The results are: Result Description Critical T Critical value for T. μ Min Lower bound for μ 1 – μ 2 . μ Max Upper bound for μ 1 – μ 2 .
Using th e Finance So lver 12-1 12 Using the Finance Solver The Finance Solver, or Fin ance aplet , is available by using the APLET key in your calculator. Use the up and down arrow keys to select the Finance aplet. Your screen should look as follows: Press the key or the soft m enu key to activate the aplet.
12-2 Using t he Finance Sol ver combined amount earns interest at a certain rate. Financial calculations involvin g compound interest include savings accounts, mo rtgages, pension funds, leases, and annuities.
Using th e Finance So lver 12-3 flow diagram shows lease payments at the beginning of each period. The following cash flow diagram shows deposits into an account at the end of each period.
12-4 Using t he Finance Sol ver Performing TVM calculations 1. Launch the F inanc ial Sol ver as indi cated at the beginning of this secti on . 2 . Use the arr o w k e ys to hi ghlight the diff ere nt f ields and enter the kno wn var iables in the T VM calc ulations , pr essing the soft -menu k ey after enter ing each kno wn value .
Using th e Finance So lver 12-5 Example 1 - Loan calculations Suppose you finance the purcha se of a car with a 5-year loan at 5.5% annual intere st, compounded monthly.
12-6 Using t he Finance Sol ver Example 2 - Mortgage with balloon payment Suppose you have taken out a 30-year, $150,000 house mortgage at 6.5% annual interest. You expect to sell the house in 10 years, repaying the loan in a balloon payment. Find the size of the balloon payment, the value of the mortgage after 10 years of payment.
Using th e Finance So lver 12-7 Calculating Amortizations Amortization calculations, which also use the TVM variables, determine the amounts applied towards principal and interest in a payment or series of payments. To calculate amortizations: 1. Start the F inance Sol ver as indicated at the beginning of t hi s se ction.
12-8 Using t he Finance Sol ver 3 . Pr ess the soft menu k ey to amorti z e the new batch o f pay ments . Repeat st eps 1 thr ough 3 as often as needed. Example 4 - Amortization for home mortgage For the results of Example 3, show the amortization of the next 10 years of the mortgage loan.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-1 13 Using math ematical func tions Math functions The HP 39gs contains many math func tions. The functions are grouped in categories. For example, the Matrix category contains functions for manipulating matrices. The Probability category (shown as Prob.
13-2 Using math ematical functions 2 . The list o f func tions (on the r ight) applie s to the c urr ently hi ghlighted category (on the left) . U se and to sw itch bet w een the categor y list and th e func tion lis t . 3 . Hi ghlight the name of the func tion y ou wan t and pr ess .
Using mathemati cal functions 13-3 Keyboard functions The most frequently used functions are available directly from the keyboard. Many of the keyboard functions also accept complex numbers as arguments. ,, , Ad d, Subtract, Multiply, Di vide . Also accepts c omplex numbers, lists and matrices.
13-4 Using math ematical functions 10 x Exponential (antilogarithm). Also accepts complex numbers. 10^ val u e Example 10^3 r etur ns 1000 Common logarithm. Also accepts co mplex numbers. LOG ( val u e ) Example LOG(100) r eturns 2 ,, Sine, cosine, tangent.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-5 ATAN A rc tangent: tan –1 x . Output range is from –90° to 90°, 2 π /2 to π /2, or –100 to 100 grad s. Inputs and outputs depend on the current an gle format. Also accept s complex numbers. ATAN ( valu e ) Example ATAN(1) ret u rn s 45 (Degrees mode).
13-6 Using math ematical functions Takes the n th root of x . ro ot NTHROOT val ue Example 3 NTHROOT 8 r eturns 2 Calculus functions The symbols for differentiation and integration are available directly form the k eyboard— and S respectively—as well as from the MATH menu.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-7 TAYLOR Calculates the n th order Taylor polynomial of expression at the point where the given variab le = 0. TAYLOR ( e xpr ession , var iable , n ) Example TAYLOR(1 + sin(s1) 2 ,s1,5) w ith Radians angle measur e and F rac tion n umber f ormat (s et in MODE S) r etur ns 1+s1^2-1/3*s1^4 .
13-8 Using math ematical functions Constants The constants available from the MATH FUNCTIONS menu are mathematical constants. These are described in this section. The hp 39gs has two other menus of constants: program constant s and physical constants.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-9 → IN Convert from centimeters to inches. → L Convert from US gallons to liters. → LGAL Convert from liters to US gallons. → KG Convert from pounds to kilograms. → LBS Convert from kilograms to pounds. → KM Convert from miles to kilometers.
13-10 Using mathe matical functions EXP Natural exponential. This is more accurate than due to limitations of the power function. EXP ( val u e ) EXPM1 Exponent minus 1 : . This is more accurate than EXP when x is close to zero. EXPM1 ( val ue ) LNP1 Natural log plus 1 : ln( x+1 ).
Using mathemati cal functions 13-11 Σ Summation. Finds the sum of expression with respect to variable from initialvalue to finalvalue. Σ ( v ar iable = initial v alue , fin a lval u e , e xp r essio n ) Example Σ (C=1,5,C 2 ) r eturns 5 5 . Matrix functions These functions are for matr ix data stored in matrix variables.
13-12 Using mathe matical functions POLYROOT Polynomial roots. Returns the roots for the n th-order polynomial with the specified n +1 coeffici ents . POLYROOT ([ coe ff ic ien ts ]) Example Fo r x 4 +2x 3 –25x 2 –26x+120 : POLYROOT([1,2,-25,-26,120]) r eturns [2,-3,4,-5] .
Using mathemati cal functions 13-13 RANDOM Random number (between zero and 1). Produced by a pseudo-random number sequence. The algorithm used in the RANDOM function uses a seed number to begin its sequence.
13-14 Using mathe matical functions Examples CEILING(3.2) r eturns 4 CEILING(-3.2) r eturns -3 DEG → RAD Degrees to radians. Converts value from Degrees angle format to Radians angle format. DEG → RAD ( val ue ) Example DEG → RAD( 180 ) r eturns 3.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-15 with a decimal fraction) to H.MMSSs forma t (tim e or angle up to fractions of a second). → HMS ( x.x ) Example → HMS(8.5) r eturns 8.3 INT Integer part. INT ( val ue ) Example INT(23.2) r eturns 23 MANT Mantissa (significant digits) of value .
13-16 Using mathe matical functions Example % CHANGE(20,50) r eturns 150 %TOTAL Percent total : (100) y/ x . What percentage of x , is y . % TOTAL ( x , y ) Example % TOTAL(20,50) r eturns 250 RAD → DEG Radians to degrees. Converts value from radians to degrees.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-17 XPON Exponent of value . XPON ( valu e ) Example XPON(123.4) r eturns 2 Two-variable statistics These are functions for use with two-variable statistics. See “Two-variable” on pa ge 10-15. Symbolic functions The symbolic functions are used for symbolic manipulations of expression s.
13-18 Using mathe matical functions QUAD Solves quadratic expression= 0 for variab le and returns a new expression, where variable = newexpression. The result is a general solution th at represents both positive and negative solutions by in cluding the formal variable S1 to represent any sign: + or – .
Using mathemati cal functions 13-19 = = Equals (logical test). Returns 1 if true, 0 if false. va lu e 1 == va l ue 2 ≠ Not equal to. Returns 1 if true, 0 if false. va lu e 1 ≠ va l ue 2 > Greater than. Returns 1 if true, 0 if false. va lu e 1 > va l ue 2 ≥ Greater than or equal to.
13-20 Using mathe matical functions ACSC Arc cosecant. ACSC ( val u e ) ASEC Arc secant. ASEC ( val u e ) COT Cotangent: cos x /sin x . COT ( val u e ) CSC Cosecant: 1/sin x CSC ( val u e ) SEC Secant: 1/cos x .
Using mathemati cal functions 13-21 (The | symbol is in the CHARS menu: press CHARS . The = sign is listed in the MATH menu under Symbolic functions.) Symbolic calculations in the Function aplet You can perform symbolic operations i n the Function aplet’s Symbolic view.
13-22 Using mathe matical functions S1 2 . E valuate the f uncti on . 3 . Show the r esult . To find derivatives in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view To find the derivative of the fu nction in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view, you define two functions and define the second function as a derivati ve of the first function.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-23 4. Pr ess to display the r esult . Note: Us e the arr ow k ey s to v ie w the entir e functi on . | Y ou coul d also j us t def ine . To find the indefinite integral using formal variables F or ex ample, to f ind t he indefinite integral of use: 1.
13-24 Using mathe matical functions This result is de rived from substituting X = S1 and X = 0 into the original expression found in step 1. However, substituting X = 0 will not always evaluate to zero and may result in an unwanted constant. To see this, consider: The ‘extra’ constant of 6.
Using mathemati cal functions 13-25 To access the menu of program constants: 1. Pr ess . 2. P r e s s . 3 . Use the ar r o w k e y s to na v igate thr ough the options . 4. Clic k and then to di spla y the number assigned to th e option you selected in th e pr ev ious step.
13-26 Using mathe matical functions Example Suppose you want to know the potential energy of a mass of 5 units according to the equation . 1. Enter 5 2 . Pr ess and then pr ess . 3 . Select light s... f r om the Phy sic s menu . 4. Pres s . The menu c lose s and the v alue of the selec ted constant is cop ied to the edit line .
Variables an d memory manageme nt 14-1 14 V ariables and memory manag ement Introduction The HP 39gs has approximately 200K of user memory. The calculator uses this memory to store variables, perform computations, and store history. A v a r i a b l e i s a n o b j e c t t h a t y o u c r e a t e i n m e m o r y t o h o l d data.
14-2 Variables and m emory management Storing and recalling variables You can store numbers or expressi ons from a previous input or result into variables. Numeric Precision A number stored in a variable is always stored as a 12- digit mantissa with a 3-digit exponent.
Variables an d memory manageme nt 14-3 5 . Enter a name for the v ari able . A 6 . Pres s to stor e the re sult . The results of a calculation can also be stored directly to a variable. For example: 2 5 3 B To recall a value To recall a variable’s value, type the name of the variable and press .
14-4 Variables and m emory management The VARS menu You use the VARS menu to access all variables in the calculator. The VARS menu is organi sed by category. For each variable category in the left column, there is a list of variables in the right colu mn.
Variables an d memory manageme nt 14-5 5 . Ch oose w h ether to place the var ia ble name or the v ari able v alue on the command line . – Pr ess to indicate that y ou want the v ari able ’s contents t o appear on the command line . – Pr ess to indicat e that y ou w ant the v ari able ’s name to a ppear on the command line .
14-6 Variables and m emory management 4. Enter data for L2 . 55 48 86 90 77 5 . Pr ess to ac cess HO ME . 6 . Open the v ar iable men u and selec t L1. 7 . Cop y it to th e command line . Note: Because the option is hi ghlighted , the var iable ’s name , r ather than its contents , is copied to the command line .
Variables an d memory manageme nt 14-7 Home variables It is not possible to store data of one type in a variable of another type. For example, yo u use the Matrix catalog to create matrices. You can crea te up to ten matrices, and you can store these in variables M0 to M9.
14-8 Variables and m emory management Aplet variables Most aplet variables stor e values t hat are uniqu e to a particular aplet. These includ e symbolic expressions and equations (see below), settings for the Plot and Numeric views, and the results of some calculations such as roots and intersections.
Variables an d memory manageme nt 14-9 6 . T o cop y the v alue of the v ar iable in to the edit line , pr es s and pr ess . Memory Manager You can use the Memory Manager to determine the amount of available memory on the calculator. You can also use Memory Manager to organize memory.
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Matrices 15-1 15 M atr ices Introduction You can perform matrix calc ulation s in HOME and in programs. The matrix and each row of a matrix appear in brackets, and the elements and rows are separated by commas.
15-2 Matr ices Creating and storing matrices You can create, edit, delete, send, and receiv e matrices in the Matrix catalog. To open the Matrix catalog, press MATRIX .
Matrices 15-3 To create a ma trix in the Matrix Catalog 1. Pr ess MATRIX to open the Matr i x Ca talog . The Matri x catalog lists the 10 av ailable matr ix v ar iable s, M0 to M9 . 2 . Hi ghlight the matr ix v a r iable name you w ant to use and pres s .
15-4 Matr ices A matrix is listed with two dimensions, even if it is 3×1. A vector is listed with the number of elements, such as 3. To transmit a matrix You can send matrices between c alculators just as you can send aplets, programs, lists, and notes.
Matrices 15-5 To display a matrix • In the Matri x catalog ( MATRIX ) , highlight the matri x name and pres s . • In HOME , ente r the name of the matr i x v ari able and pr ess . To display one element In HOME, enter matrixname ( row,column ). For example, if M2 is [[3,4],[5,6]] , then M2(1,2) returns 4 .
15-6 Matr ices To store one element In HOME, enter, value matrixname ( row, column ). For example, to change the element in the first row and second column of M5 to 728, then display the resulting matrix: 728 M 512 M5 . An attempt to store an element to a row or column beyond the size of the matrix results in an error message.
Matrices 15-7 3 . Add the matr ices that yo u cre a t e d. M1 M2 To multiply and divide by a scalar For division by a scalar, enter the matrix first, then the operator, then the scalar. For multiplication, the order of the operands does not matter. The matrix and the scalar can be real or complex.
15-8 Matr ices M1 2 To divide by a square matrix For division of a matrix or a vector by a square matrix, the number of rows of the dividend (or th e number of elements, if it is a vector) must equal the number of rows in the divisor. This operation is not a mathematical di vision: it is a left- multiplication by the inverse of th e divisor.
Matrices 15-9 2 . Cr eate the vec tor of the constants in the linear sys t em . 5 7 1 3 . R etur n to the Matri x Cat al og. MATRIX In this e x ample , the ve ctor y ou cr eated is listed a s M1. 4. Create a ne w matri x . Sele ct Real matrix 5 . Enter the equati on coeff ic ients .
15-10 Matr ices Matrix functions and commands About functions • Fu n c t i o n s c a n b e u s e d i n a ny a p l e t o r i n H O M E. T h e y ar e listed in the MA TH menu unde r the Matr i x categor y . T h e y can be used in mathematical e xpr essi ons —pr imar ily in HOME—a s w ell as in pr ogr ams.
Matrices 15-11 COND Condition Number. Finds the 1-norm (column norm) of a square matrix . COND ( matr i x ) CROSS Cross Product of vector1 with vecto r2 . CROSS ( vec to r 1 , ve ct or 2 ) DET Determinant of a square matrix . DET ( matr i x ) DOT Dot Product of two arrays, matrix1 matrix2 .
15-12 Matr ices LU LU Decomposition. Factors a square matrix into three matrices: {[[ lowertriangular ]],[[ uppertriangular ]],[[ permutation ]]} The uppertriangular has ones on its diagonal. LU ( matr ix ) MAKEMAT Make Matrix. Creates a matrix of dimension rows × columns , using expression to calculate each ele ment.
Matrices 15-13 SPECNORM Spect ral Norm of matrix . SPECNORM ( matri x ) SPECRAD Spectral Radius o f a square matrix . SPECRAD ( matri x ) SVD Singular Value Decomp osition. Factors an m × n matrix into two matrices and a vector: {[[ m × m square orthogonal ]],[[ n × n square orthogonal ]], [ real ]}.
15-14 Matr ices Trans posi ng a Matrix The TRN function swaps the row-column and column-row elements of a matrix. For instance, e lement 1,2 (row 1, column 2) is swapped with element 2,1; element 2,3 is swapped with element 3,2; and so on. For examp le, TRN([[1,2],[3,4]]) creates the matrix [[1,3],[2,4]] .
Matrices 15-15 The final row of zeros in the reduced-row echelon form of the augmented matrix indicates an inconsistent system with infinite solutio ns.
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Lists 16-1 16 L ists You can do list operations in HOME and in programs. A list consists of comma-separated real or complex numbers, expressions, or matr ices, all enclosed in braces . A list may, for example, contain a sequence of real numbers such as {1,2,3} .
16-2 Lists 3 . E nter the values you want i n th e l ist, pressi ng after each one. V alue s can be r eal or comple x numbers (o r an expr ession) . If you enter a calc ulation , it is e valuated and the r esult is inserted in the list . 4. When done , pr ess LIST to see the List catalog, or pr ess to re turn to HO ME .
Lists 16-3 List edit keys When you press to create or change a list, the following keys are available to you: Create a list in HOME 1. Enter the list on the edit line . Start and end the list w ith br aces (the shifted and ke ys) and separ ate each element with a comma.
16-4 Lists Displaying and editing lists To display a list • In the List cata log, hi ghlight the list name and pr ess . • In HOME , ente r the name of the list and pr ess . To display one element In HOME, enter listname ( element# ). For example, if L2 is {3,4,5,6}, then L2(2) returns 4 .
Lists 16-5 To insert an element in a list 1. Open the List catalog. LIST . 2. P r e s s o r t o highli ght the name of the list y ou wan t to edit (L1, etc .) and pre ss to displa y the list conten ts. New elements are inserted abov e the highlighted positi on .
16-6 Lists Deleting lists To delete a list In the List catalog, highli ght the list name and press . You are prompted to confirm that you want to delete the contents of the highlighted list variable. Press to delete the contents. To delete all lists In the List catalog, press CLEAR .
Lists 16-7 CONCAT(L1,L2) . An ar gument can be either a list v ari able name (su ch as L1) or the actual list . F or e xample , REVERSE({1 ,2,3}) . • If Dec i mal Mark in Modes is set to C omma, u se peri ods to separat e ar guments. F or e x ample , CONCAT(L1.
16-8 Lists Example In HOME, store {3,5,8,12,17 ,23} in L5 and find the first differences for the list. { 3,5, 8,12 ,1 7 ,2 3 } L 5 L Select Δ LIST L5 MAKELIST Calculates a sequence of elements for a new list. Evaluates expression with variable from begin to end values, taken at increment steps.
Lists 16-9 position of the first occurrence is retu rned. A value of 0 is returned if there is no occurrence of the specified element. POS( list , element ) Example POS ({3, 7, 12, 19},12) returns 3 REVERSE Creates a list by reversing the order of the elements in a list.
16-10 Lists 2 . In HOME , st or e L1 into C1. Y ou w ill then be able to see the list data in the Numer ic vi e w of the Statis tics aplet . L1 C1 3 . S tart the Statis tic s aplet , and select 1-v ar ia ble mode (pr ess , i f necess ary , to displa y ) .
Notes and sketches 17-1 17 Notes and sk etc hes Introduction The HP 39gs has text and pi cture editors for entering notes and sketche s. • E ach a plet has its o wn independent Note v iew and Sk etch vi e w . Not es and sk etc hes that y ou cr eate in these vi e ws ar e assoc iated w ith t he aplet.
17-2 Notes and sketches Note edit keys Key M e a n i n g Space key for text entry. Displays next page of a multi-pa ge note. Alpha-lock for letter entry. Lower-case alpha-loc k for letter entry. Backspaces cursor and deletes character. Deletes current character.
Notes and sketches 17-3 Aplet sketch view You can attach pictures to an aplet in its Sketch view ( SKETCH ). Y our wo rk is au tomaticall y sav e d w ith th e aplet . Press an y other vi e w ke y or to e x it the Sk etch v ie w Sketch keys To dr aw a li ne 1.
17-4 Notes and sketches To draw a box 1. In Sk etc h vi e w , pres s and mov e the c urs or to wher e you w ant any corner of the bo x to be. 2. P r e s s . 3 . Mo v e the cur sor to mar k the opposite cor ner for the bo x . Y ou can adj ust the si ze of the bo x by mo v ing the cu rs o r .
Notes and sketches 17-5 To label parts of a sketch 1. Pr ess and type the te xt on the edit line . T o lock the Alpha shift on , pre ss (for upper case) or (for lo w er cas e) . T o mak e the label a smalle r c har acte r si z e , turn o ff befo r e pres sing .
17-6 Notes and sketches To import a graphics variable You can copy the contents of a graphics variable into the Sketch view of an aplet. 1. Open the Sketch v iew of the aplet ( SKETCH ). T he graphi c w ill be copied her e. 2 . Pr ess , . 3 . Highlight Graphic , then pr ess and highligh t the name of the v ari able ( G1 , etc .
Notes and sketches 17-7 4. W r ite y our note . See “Note e dit ke ys ” on page 17 - 2 for mor e infor mation on the entry and editing of notes. 5 . When yo u are f inis hed , press or an aplet ke y to e x it Notepad . Y our wor k is automaticall y sav ed.
17-8 Notes and sketches To import a note You can import a note from the Notepad into an aplet’s Note view, and vice versa. Supp ose you want to copy a note named “Assignments” fr om the Notepad into the Function Note view: 1. In the Func tion aplet , display the No te v ie w ( NOTE ).
Programming 18-1 18 Pr ogr amming Introduction This chapter describes how to pro gram using the hp 39gs. In this chapter you’ll learn about: • using the Pr ogram catalog to c r eate and edit pr ogr ams • pr ogr amming commands • stor ing and retr ie v ing var iables in pr ograms • pr ogr amming var iables.
18-2 Programming Example RUN GETVALUE: RUN CALCULATE: RUN " SHOW ANSWER " : This program is separated into three main tasks, each an individual program. Within each progr am, the task can be simple—or it can be di vided further into other programs that perform smaller tasks.
Programming 18-3 Program catalog k eys The program catalog keys are: Key M e a n i n g Opens the highlighted program for editing. Prompts for a new program name, then opens an empty program. Transmits the highlighted program to another HP 39gs or to a disk drive.
18-4 Programming Creating and editing programs Create a new program 1. Pr ess PROGR M to open the Pr ogr am catalog . 2. P r e s s . The HP 3 9gs pr ompts yo u fo r a n a m e.
Programming 18-5 2 . On the left, u se or to highligh t a command category , then pr ess to ac cess the commands in the category . Select the command that y ou w ant . 3 . Pr ess to paste the command into the pr ogram editor . Edit a program 1. Pres s PR OGRM to open the Pr ogram catalog.
18-6 Programming Editing keys The editing keys are: Key M e a n i n g Inserts the character at the editing point. Inserts space into text. Display s previous page of the program. Displays next page of the program. Moves up or down one line. Moves right or left one character.
Programming 18-7 Using programs Run a program From HOME, type RUN program_name. or From the Program catalog, highlight the program you want to run and press Regardless of where you star t the program, all programs run in HOME. What you see will differ slightly depending on where you started the program.
18-8 Programming Copy a program You can use the following procedure if you want to make a copy of y our work before editing—or if you want to use one program as a template for another. 1. Pr ess PROGR M to open the Pr ogr am catalog . 2. P r e s s .
Programming 18-9 Delete a program To delete a program: 1. Pr ess PROGRM to open the Progr am catalog. 2 . Highligh t a pr ogr am to delet e , then pr ess . Delete all programs You can delete all programs at once. 1. In the Progr am catalog, pr ess CLEAR .
18-10 Programming 4. D e v elop a pr ogram that u ses the SE TVI EW S command to modify the aplet’s VIEW S menu . The menu opti ons pr o v ide links to ass oc iated pr ograms . Y ou can spec i fy an y other progr ams that you w ant tr ansfe rr ed with the aplet .
Programming 18-11 Save the aplet 1. Open the F uncti on aplet and sa ve it as “EXP ERIMENT ” . The ne w aplet appear s in the Aplet library . Select Function EXP ERIMENT 2 .
18-12 Programming 6 . Open the Pr ogram cat alog and cr eate a progr am named “EXP .S V” . Include the f ollo w ing code in the pr ogr am. E a c h entry line after the command SE T VIEW S is a tri.
Programming 18-13 ’ ’ ’ ’ ;’ ’ EXP.ANG’ ’ ;0 ; The pr o gr am EXP .ANG is a small routine that is called by other pr ogr ams that the aplet us es . This e ntry spec ifi es that the pr ogr am EXP.ANG is transfer r ed w hen the aplet is tr ansfer r ed, bu t the space in the fir st quotes en sur es that no entry appears on the menu .
18-14 Programming Aplet commands CHECK Checks (selects) the correspon ding function in the current aplet. For example, Check 3 would check F3 if the current aplet is Function. T hen a checkmark would appear next to F3 in Symbolic view, F3 would be plotted in Plot view, and evaluated in Numeric view.
Programming 18-15 options u se , or the pr ogr am that def ines the a plet’s VIEW S menu . • Y ou can inclu de a “Start ” optio n in the VIEW S men u to spec if y a pr ogr am that y ou w ant to run auto maticall y when the aplet s tarts. This pr ogram typically sets up the aplet’ s initial confi guration .
18-16 Programming ProgramName ProgramName is the name of the program that runs when the corresponding menu entry is selected. All pr ograms that are identified in the aplet’s SETV IEWS command are transferred when the aplet is transmitted. ViewNumber V iewNumber is the number of a view to start after the program finishes runn ing.
Programming 18-17 View numbers The Function aplet views are numbered as follows: View numbers from 15 on will vary according to the parent aplet. The list shown above is for the Function aplet. Whatever the normal VIEWS menu for the parent aplet, the first entry will become number 1 5, the second number 16 and so on.
18-18 Programming Example 1 A : IF A==1 THEN MSGBOX " A EQUALS 1" : END: IF... THEN... ELSE... END Executes the true-clause sequence of commands if the test- clause is true, or the false-clause se quence of commands if the test-clause is false.
Programming 18-19 IFERR...THEN...ELSE…END allows a program to intercept error conditions that otherwise would cause the program to abort. Its syntax is: IFERR tr ap-cla us e THEN clause _1 ELSE clause _2 END : Example IFERR 60/X Y: THEN MSGBOX "Error: X is zero.
18-20 Programming Example ARC 0;0;2;0;2 π : FREEZE: Dr a w s a c irc le center ed at (0, 0) of r adius 2 . T he FREEZE command causes the c ir cle to r emain di spla ye d on t he sc reen until y ou pr ess a k ey . BOX Draws a box with diagonally opposite corners ( x1,y1 ) and ( x2,y2 ).
Programming 18-21 Example TLINE 0;0;3;3: Er ase s pr e v iou sly dr a wn 4 5 degr ee line fr om (0, 0) to (3, 3) , or dr aw s that line if it doesn’t alr eady e xist . Graphic commands The graphic commands use th e graphics variables G0 through G9—or the Page variable from Sketch—as graphicname arguments.
18-22 Programming will superimpose G1 onto G0 starting a position (1,1), where the position is given in terms of the current axes settings, not as a pixel position. GROBXOR Usin g the logical XOR, superimposes graphicname2 onto graphicname1 . The upper left corner of graphicname2 is placed at position .
Programming 18-23 ZEROGROB Creates a blank graphic with given width and height , and stores i t in graphicname . ZEROGROB gr aphicname ; wid t h ; heigh t : Loop commands Loop hp allow a program to execute a routine repeatedly. The HP 39gs has three loop structures.
18-24 Programming Note that the STEP parameter is optional. If it is omitted, a step value of 1 is assumed. BREAK Terminates loop. BREAK: Matrix commands The matrix commands take variables M0–M9 as arguments. ADDCOL Add Column. Inserts values into a column before column_number in the specified matrix .
Programming 18-25 RANDMAT Creates random matrix with a specified number of rows and columns and stores the result in name ( name must be M0...M9 ). The entries will be integers ranging from –9 to 9. RANDMAT name ; rows ; columns : REDIM Redimensions the specified matrix or v ector to size .
18-26 Programming Print commands These commands print to an HP infrared printer, for example the HP 82240B printer. PRDISPLAY Prints the contents of the display. PRDISPLAY: PRHISTORY Prints all objects in the hi story. PRHISTORY: PRVAR Prints name an d contents of variablename .
Programming 18-27 Example 3 A:CHOOSE A; "COMIC STRIPS"; "DILBERT"; "CALVIN&HOBBES"; "BLONDIE": CLRVAR Clears the specified va riable. The syntax is: CLR V AR v ari able : Example If you have stored {1,2,3,4} in variable L1, entering CLVAR L1 w ill clear L1.
18-28 Programming Example DISPXY –3.5;1.5;2;"HELLO WORLD": DISPTIME Displays the current date and time. DISPTIME To set the date and time, simply store the correct settings in the date and time variables. Use the following formats: M.DDYYYY for the date and H.
Programming 18-29 GETKEY Waits for a key, then st ores the k eycode rc.p in name, where r is row number, c is column number, and p is key- plane number. The key-planes numbers are: 1 for unshifted; 2 for shifted; 4 for alpha-shifted; and 5 for both alpha-shifted and shifted .
18-30 Programming PROMPT Displays an input box with name as the title, and prompts for a value for name . name can be a variable such as A…Z, θ , L1…l9, C1…C9 or Z1…Z9. PROMPT nam e : WAIT Halts program execution for the specified number of seconds.
Programming 18-31 Datasetname can be SI, S2,..., or S5 . Datasetname must include at least two pairs of data points. DO2VSTATS datasetname : SETDEPEND Sets datasetname dependent column . Datasetname can be S1, S2, …, or S5 and column can be C0–C9.
18-32 Programming Plot-view variables Area Function Contains the last value found by the Area function in Plot- FCN menu. Axes All Aplets Turns axes on or off. From Plot Setup, check (o r uncheck) AXES . or In a program, type: 1 Axes —to turn axes on (def ault) .
Programming 18-33 Grid All Aplets Turns the background grid in Plot view o n or off. From Plot setup, check (or uncheck) GRID . or In a program, type 1 Grid to tur n the gr id on . 0 Grid to tur n the gri d off (def ault). Hmin/Hmax Statistics Defines minimum and maximum values for histogram bars.
18-34 Programming Isect Function Contains the last value found by the Intersection function in the Plot-FCN menu. Labels All Aplets Draws labels in Plot view showing X and Y ranges. From Plot Setup, check (o r uncheck) Labels or In a program, type 1 Labels —to turn labels on .
Programming 18-35 S1mark–S5mark Statistics Sets the mark to use for scatter plots. From Plot Setup for two-variable statistics, S1mark- S5mark , then choose a mark. or In a program, type n S1mark wh ere n is 1,2,3,...5 SeqPlot Sequence Enables you to choose types of sequence plot: Stairstep or Cobweb.
18-36 Programming Umin/Umax Polar Sets the minimum and maxi mum independent values. Appears as the URNG field in the Plot Setup input form. From the Plot Setup input form, enter values for URNG . or In a program, type Umin Umax wher e Ustep Polar Sets the step size for an independent v ariable.
Programming 18-37 Tstep Parametric Sets the step size for the independent variable. From the Plot Setup input form, enter values for TSTEP . or In a program, type n Tstep wh ere Xcross All Aplets Sets the horizontal coordinate of the c rosshairs. Only works with TRACE off.
18-38 Programming Xmin Xmax whe re Ymin / Ymax All Aplets Sets the minimum and maximum vertical values of the plot screen. Appears as the YRNG fields (vertical range) in the Plot Setup input form. From Plot Setup, enter the values for YRNG . or In a program, type Ymin Ymax whe re Xzoom All Aplets Sets the horizontal zoom factor.
Programming 18-39 Symbolic-view variables Angle All Aplets Sets the angle mode. From Symbolic Setup, choose Degrees , Radia ns , or Grads for angle measure. or In a program, type 1 Angle —for De grees. 2 Angle —for Radian s. 3 Angle —for Grads.
18-40 Programming S1fit...S5fit Statistics Sets the type of fit to be used by the FIT operation in drawing the regression line. From Symbolic Setup view, specify the fit in the field for S1FIT, S2FIT, etc. or In a program, store one of the fo llowing constant numbers or names into a variable S1fit , S2fit , etc.
Programming 18-41 Numeric-view variables The following aplet variabl es control the Numeric view . The value of the variable appl ies to the current aplet only. C1...C9, C0 Statistics C0 through C9 , for column s of data. Can contain lists. Enter da ta in the N umeric view or In a program, type LIST C n wh ere n = 0, 1, 2, 3 .
18-42 Programming Note that if Fraction or M ixed Fraction is chosen, the setting will be ignored when labeling axes in Plot view. A setting of Scientific will be used instead. Example Scientific Format or 3 Format NumCol All Aplets except Statistics aplet Sets the column to be highlighted in Numeric view.
Programming 18-43 NumStep Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the step size (increment value) for an independent varia ble in N umeri c view. From Num Setup, enter a value for NU MSTEP . or In a program, type n NumStep wh ere NumType Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the table format.
Note variables The following aplet variable is available in Note view. NoteText All Aplets Use NoteText to recall text previously entered in Note view. Sketch variables The following aplet variables are available in Sk etch view. Page All Aplets Sets a page in a sketch set.
Extending aplets 19-1 19 Extending aplets Aplets are the application environments where you explore different cla sses of mathematical operations. You can extend the capabili ty of the HP 39gs in the .
19-2 Ext ending aple ts 1. Open the Solv e aplet and save it under the n e w name . Solve | T R I A N G L E S 2 . E nte r t h e fo ur form ul as : θ O H θ A H θ OA AB C 3 . Dec ide whether y ou want the a plet to oper ate in Degr ees , R adians , or Gr ads.
Extending aplets 19-3 Using a customized aplet To use the “T riangles” aplet, simply s elect the appropriate formula, change to the Numeric view and solve for the missing variable. Find the length of a ladder leaning against a vertical wall if it forms an angle of 35 o with the hori zontal and extends 5 metres up the wall.
19-4 Ext ending aple ts Annotating an aplet with notes The Note view ( NOTE ) attaches a note to the current aplet. See Chapter 17, “Notes and sketc hes”. Annotating an aplet with sketches The Sketch view ( SKETCH ) attaches a picture to the current aplet.
Extending aplets 19-5 To transmit an aplet 1. Connect the P C or aplet disk dr iv e to the calc ulator by cable or align the tw o calc ulators ’ infr ar ed ports by matc hing up the tr iangle marks on the r ims of the calc ulators . P lace the calculato rs no mor e than 4 inches (10 cm) apar t.
19-6 Ext ending aple ts Note : ch oose a disk dri ve option if y ou are using the hp3 9gs connecti vity kit to tr ansfer the a plet . Hi ghlight y our selec tion and pr ess . The T r ansmit annu nc iator— —i s display e d until tr ansmis sion is co mplet e .
R-1 R Re fer ence inf ormation Glossary aplet A small application, limited to one topic. The built-in aplet types are Function, Parametric , Polar, Sequence, Solve, Statistics, Inference, Finance, Trig Explorer, Quad Explorer, Linear Solver and Triangle Solve.
R-2 list A set of values separated by commas (periods if the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma ) and enclosed in braces. Lists are commonly used to enter statistical data and to evaluate a function with multiple values. Created and manipulate d by the List editor and catalog.
R-3 Resetting the HP 39gs If the calculator “locks up” and seems to be stuc k, you must reset it. This is much like resetting a PC. It cancels certain operations, restores ce rtain conditio ns, and clears temporary memory locations.
R-4 If the calculator does not turn on If the HP 39gs does not turn on follow the steps below until the calculator turns on. You may find that the calculator turns on before you have completed the procedure. If the calculator still does not turn on, please contact Customer Support for further information.
R-5 To install the main batteries a. Slide up the battery compartment cove r as illustrated. b. Insert 4 new AAA (LR03) batteries into the main compartment. Make sure each battery is inserted in the indicated direction. To install the backup battery a.
R-6 Variables Home variables The home variables are: Categor y Available name Complex Z1 ... Z9 , Z0 Graphic G1 ... G9 , G0 Library Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics User-named List L1 ... L9 , L0 Matrix M1 ... M9 , M0 Modes Ans Date HAngle HDigits HFormat Ierr Time Notepad User-named Program Editline User-named Real A.
R-7 Function aplet variables The function aplet variables a re: Category Av ailable name Plot Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xm.
R-8 Parametric aplet variables The parametric aplet variables are: Categor y Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tmin Tmax Tracing Tstep Xcross Ycross Xti.
R-9 Polar aplet variables The polar aplet variables are: Category Av ailable names Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Umin Umax θ step Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytic.
R-10 Sequence aplet variables The sequence aplet variables are: Categor y Available name Plot Axes Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Nmin Nmax Recenter SeqPlot Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick .
R-11 Solve aplet variables The solve aplet variables are: Category Av ailable name Plot Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E0 Nume ric Digits Format NumCol NumRow Note NoteText Sketc h Page PageNum HP 39gs English.
R-12 Statistics aplet variables The statistics aplet variables are: Categor y Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Hmin Hmax Hwidth Indep InvCross Labels Recenter S1mark S2mark S3mark S4mark S5mark StatPlot Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle S1fit S2fit S3fit S4fit S5fit Numeric C0,.
R-13 MATH menu categories Math functions The math functions are: Category Av ailable name Calculus TAYLOR Complex ARG CONJ IM RE Constant e i MAXREAL MINREAL π Hyper b. ACOSH ASINH ATANH COSH SINH TANH ALOG EXP EXPM1 LNP1 List CONCAT Δ LIST MAKELIST π LIST POS REVERSE SIZE Σ LIST SORT Loop ITERATE RECURSE Σ ∂ ∫ HP 39gs English.
R-14 Matrix COLNORM COND CROSS DET DOT EIGENVAL EIGENVV IDENMAT INVERSE LQ LSQ LU MAKEMAT QR RANK ROWNORM RREF SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL TRACE TRN Polynom.
R-15 Program constants The program constants are: Tests < ≤ = = ≠ > ≥ AND IFTE NOT OR XOR Trig ACOT ACSC ASEC COT CSC SEC Category Av ailabl e name (Continued) Category Av ailable name Angle Degrees Grads Radians Format Standard Fixed Sci Eng Fraction SeqPlot Cobweb Stairstep S1.
R-16 Physical Constants The physical constants are: Categor y Available Na me Chemist • Avogadro ( A v ogadr o ’s Number , NA) • Boltz . (Boltmann, k) • mol.
R-17 Program commands The program commands are: Category Command Aplet CHECK SELECT SETVIEWS UNCHECK Branch IF THEN ELSE END CASE IFERR RUN STOP Drawing ARC BOX ERASE FREEZE LINE PIXOFF PIXON TLINE Gr.
R-18 Status messages Stat-Two DO2VSTATS SETDEPEND SETINDEP Category Command (Continued) Messag e Meaning Bad Argument Type Incorrect input for this operation. Bad Argument Value The value is out of range for this operation. Infinite Result Math exception, such as 1/0.
R-19 Invalid Syntax The function or command you entered does not include the proper arguments or order of arguments. The delimiters (parentheses, commas, periods, and semi-colons) must also be correct. Look up the function name in the index to find its proper syntax.
HP 39gs English. book Page 20 We dnesday, December 7, 2005 11:24 PM.
W-1 L imited W arr anty HP 39gs Graphing Calculator; Warranty peri od: 12 months 1. HP war r ants to you , the end- us er cu stomer , t hat HP har dw are , acc es sor ies and su pplies w i ll be fr ee fr om def ects in mater ials and w ork manship after the date of pur chase , for the peri od spec if ied abo v e .
W-2 6 . HP MAKE S NO O THER E XPRE S S W ARRANTY OR CONDI T ION WHET HER WRI TTEN OR OR AL . T O THE EXTENT ALL O WED B Y L OCAL LA W , ANY IMP LIED W ARRANTY OR CONDI TION OF MERCHANT ABILITY , S A T ISF A CT OR Y QU ALITY , OR FI TNE SS F OR A P AR TICUL AR P URP OSE I S LIMITED T O THE DUR A TION OF THE EXP RE S S W A RRANTY SET F OR TH ABO VE .
W-3 Service Europe Country : Telephone numbers Au str ia +4 3-1-3 60 2 77120 3 Belgium + 3 2 - 2 - 712 6 219 D e n m a r k + 45 - 8 -2 33284 4 Ea s te r n Eu ro p e countr ies +4 20-5- 414 2 2 5 2 3 F.
W-4 P lease logon to http://www .hp.com f or t he lat est se r v ice and supp ort info rmati on .h L.Ame r ic a Country: T elephone nu mbers Ar gentina 0 -810 -5 5 5-5 5 20 Bra zil Sao P aulo 3 7 4 7 .
W-5 Regulatory infor mation Federal Communications Commission Noti ce This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital dev ice, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limi ts are designed to provide reasonable protection agains t harmful interference in a residential installation.
W-6 Houston, Texas 77269-2000 Or, call 1-800-474-6836 For questions regarding this FCC declarati on, contact: Hewlett-Packard Company P. O. Box 692000, Mai l Stop 510101 Houston, Texas 77269-2000 Or, call 1-281-514-3333 To identify this produc t, refer to the part, series, or model number found on the product.
W-7 Korean Notice Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union This symbol on the product or on its packaging indicates that this product must not be disposed of with your other household waste.
HP 39gs English. book Page 8 Wed nesday, December 7, 2 005 11:24 PM.
I-1 Index A absolute value 13-5 add 13-3 algebraic entry 1-19 alpha characters typing 1-6 alphabetical so rting 19-6 angle measure 1-10 in statistics 10-12 setting 1-11 animation 17-5 creating 17 -5 a.
I-2 C calculus operat ions 13-7 catalogs 1-30 chronological sorting 19-6 circle dra wing 17-4 clearing aplet 19-3 character s 1-22 display 1- 22 display history 1-2 5 edit line 1-22 lists 16-6 plot 2-.
I-3 definite integral 13-6 deleting aplet 19-6 lists 16-6 matrices 15-5 programs 18- 9 statistical data 10-11 delimiters, programming 18-1 derivatives definition of 13-6 in Function aplet 13-22 in Hom.
I-4 font size change 3-8 , 17-5 forecasting 10-20 fraction number format 1-1 1 full-precision display 1-10 function analyze graph with FCN tools 3-4 definition 2-2 , R-1 entering 1-19 gamma 13- 12 int.
I-5 EXPM1 13-10 LNP1 13-10 SINH 13-9 TANH 13-9 hypothesis alternative 11-2 inference tests 11-8 null 11-2 tests 11-2 I i 13-8 implied multiplication 1-20 importing graphics 17-6 notes 17-8 increasing .
I-6 generate a series 16-8 list function syntax 16-6 list variables 16-1 returning position of element in 16-8 revers ing orde r in 16-9 sending and receiving 16-6 sorting elements 16-9 storing elemen.
I-7 singular value decomposition 15-13 singular values 15-13 size 15-12 spectral norm 15-13 spectral radius 15-13 start Matrix Editor 18-2 4 storing elements 15-3 , 15-5 storing matrix elements 15-6 s.
I-8 recalc ulating 2-18 setup 2-16 , 2-19 O off automatic 1-1 power 1-1 on/cancel 1-1 One-Proportion Z-Interval 11- 17 One-Sample T-Interval 11-18 One-Sample T-Test 11-1 2 One-Sample Z-Interval 11-15 .
I-9 polynomial coefficients 13- 11 evaluation 13-11 form 13-11 roots 13-12 Taylor 13-7 polynomial functions POLYCOEF 13-11 POLYEVAL 13-11 POLYF ORM 13-11 POLYROOT 13-12 ports 19-5 position argument 18.
I-10 regression analysis 10-17 fit models 10-13 formula 10-12 user-defined fit 10-13 relative error statistical 10-18 resetting aplet 19-3 calculator R-3 memory R-3 result copying to edit line 1-22 re.
I-11 aplets in chronological order 19-6 elements in a list 16-9 spectral norm 15-13 spectral radius 15-13 square root 13-5 stack history printing 18-26 stairsteps graph 6-1 standard number format 1-10.
I-12 setting 18-28 time, converting 13-14 times sign 1-20 tmax 18-36 tmin 18-36 too few arguments R-19 tracing functions 2-8 more than one curve 2-8 not matching plot 2-8 plots 2-8 transmitting lists .
I-13 Z Z-Interval 11-15 zoom 2-17 axes 2-12 box 2-9 center 2-9 examples of 2-11 factors 2-13 in 2-9 options 2-9 , 3-8 options within a table 2-17 out 2-9 redrawing table of numbers op- tions 2-17 square 2-1 0 un-zoom 2-11 within Numeric view 2-17 X-zoom 2-9 Y-zoom 2-10 HP 39gs English.
HP 39gs English. book Page 14 We dnesday, December 7, 2005 11:24 PM.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il HP 39gs è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del HP 39gs - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso HP 39gs imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul HP 39gs ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il HP 39gs, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del HP 39gs.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il HP 39gs. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo HP 39gs insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
