Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto FC200V del fabbricante Casio
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FC-200V FC-100V User's Guide E CASIO Worldwide Education Website http://edu.casio.com CASIO EDUCATIONAL FORUM http://edu.casio.com/forum/.
Important! CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. makes no guarantees concerning accuracy of the contents of this manual or their suitability for any commercial purpose or other particular purpose, or concerning the accuracy of calculation results (such as financial calculation simulation results) produced by this calculator.
E-1 About this Manual • This User ’s Guide covers use and operation of the CASIO FC-200V and FC-100V . Operations apply to both models, except in cases indicated by the text “FC-200V only”. • Keycap markings indicate what a key inputs or what function it performs.
E-2 • The following shows an example of how a key operation to select an on-screen menu item is represented in this User ’s Guide. Example: 1 (1-V AR) Indicates the menu item that is selected by the number key operation ( 1 ) before it. Note that this is not part of the actual key operation you perform.
E-3 Initializing the Calculator Perform the following procedure when you want to initialize the calculator and return the calculation mode and setup to their initial default settings. Note that this operation also clears all data currently in calculator memory .
E-4 Safety Pr ecautions Be sure to read the following safety precautions before using this calculator . Keep this manual handy for later reference. Caution This symbol is used to indicate information that can result in personal injury or material damage if ignored.
E-5 Handling Pr ecautions • Be sure to press the O key before using the calculator for the first time. • Even if the calculator is operating normally , replace the battery at least once every three years (FC-200V) or two years (FC-100V). A dead battery can leak, causing damage to and malfunction of the calculator .
E-6 • Never press the keys of the calculator with a ballpoint pen or other pointed object. • Use a soft, dry cloth to clean the exterior of the calculator . If the calculator becomes very dirty , wipe it off with a cloth moistened in a weak solution of water and a mild neutral household detergent.
E-7 Contents About this Manual ............................................ 1 Initializing the Calculator ................................ 3 Safety Precautions ........................................... 4 Handling Precautions ........................
E-8 Financial Calculation ..................................... 42 k Simple Interest Mode ........................................... 42 k Compound Interest Mode .................................... 44 k Cash Flow Mode ................................
E-9 Statistical Calculation .................................. 108 k Statistical Calculation T ypes .............................. 108 k Inputting Sample Data ....................................... 108 k ST A T Calculation Screen ....................
E-10 Befor e Using the Calculator k Removing the Hard Case Before using the calculator , slide its hard case downwards to remove it, and then af fix the hard case to the back of the calculator as shown in the illustration below . k T urning Power On and Off • Press O to turn on the calculator .
E-11 k About the Display Y our calculator has a 31-dot × 96-dot LCD screen. Example: k Display Indicators Sample Display: This Means this: Page: indicator: The keypad has been shifted by 7 pressing the 1 key . The keypad will unshift and this indicator will disappear when you press a key .
E-12 This Means this: Page: indicator: ST A T The calculator is in the ST A T Mode. 360 360 days in a year . SI Simple interest for interest calcula- tions of odd (partial) months. DMY Day , month, year (DMY) as the date format. 7 The default angle unit is degrees.
E-13 Calculation Modes and Calculator Setup k Calculation Modes When you want to perform Press this Page: this type of operation: key: Simple interest calculations S E-42 Compound interest calculation.
E-14 A Displaying the Setup Screen There are two different ways to display the setup screen. • Pressing the s key • Selecting the “Set:” item on the menu screen that appears when you enter some modes. The following are the procedures you need to perform to access and use the setup screen using the above operations.
E-15 1. On the menu that appears when you initially enter a mode, use fc to select “Set:”, and then press E . • This displays a setup screen of settings that apply to the current mode only . The content of the setup screen depends on what mode you are currently in.
E-16 A Configuring Settings 1 Payment: Compound Interest (CMPD) Mode, Amortization (AMR T) Mode This setting specifies the payment date. 1:Begin Beginning of period 2:End End of period 1. Use fc to select “Payment”, and then press E . 2. Press 1 (1:Begin) or 2 (2:End) to select the setting you want.
E-17 2. Press 1 (1:CI) or 2 (2:SI) to select the setting you want. •Y ou can also use fc to select a setting and then press E . 4 Periods/Y : Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies once a year (Annual) or twice a year (Semi-Annual) coupon payments.
E-18 6 Date Input: Day Calculation (DA YS) Mode, Bond (BOND) Mode (FC-200V only) This setting specifies either month, day , year (MDY) or day , month, year (DMY) as the date format. 1:MDY Month, day , year 06012006 (June 1, 2006) 2:DMY Day , month, year 01062006 (June 1, 2006) 1.
E-19 1. Use fc to select “B-Even”, and then press E . 2. Press 1 (1:Quantity) or 2 (2:Sales) to select the setting you want. •Y ou can also use fc to select a setting and then press E . 9 Digit Sep.: All modes except for the ST A T Mode and COMP Mode This setting specifies what type of 3-digit separator should be used.
E-20 2. Press 1 (1:Deg), 2 (2:Rad), or 3 (3:Gra) to select the setting you want. •Y ou can also use fc to select a setting and then press E . ! Fix: All modes This setting specifies a fixed number of digits to the right of the decimal place. Calculation results are rounded of f to the specified number of digits before being displayed.
E-21 # Norm: All modes This setting specifies the range that determines when display of values switches to exponential format. • Changing this setting automatically cancels any previous settings made for ! Fix and @ Sci.
E-22 % CONTRAST : All modes Select this setting when you want to adjust screen contrast and make display figures lighter or darker . 1. Use fc to select “CONTRAST”, and then press E . 2. Use d and e to adjust display contrast. 3. Press E . Note • On a setting screen, the cursor mark displayed on the upper right of a screen cannot be used.
E-23 Inputting Expr essions and V alues k Inputting a Calculation Expression Using Standard Format Y our calculator lets you input calculation expressions just as they are written.
E-24 A Omitting the Multiplication Sign Y ou can omit the multiplication sign ( × ) in any of the following cases. • Before an open parentheses ( ( ): 2 × (5 + 4), etc. • Before a function with parenthesis: 2 × sin(30), 2 × ' (3), etc. • Before a variable name, constant, or random number: 20 × A, 2 × π , etc.
E-25 • Normally the input cursor appears as a straight vertical ( I ) or horizontal ( ) flashing line on the display screen. When there are 10 or fewer bytes of input remaining in the current expression, the cursor changes shape to I to let you know .
E-26 A Deleting a Character or Function Example: To correct the expression 369 × × 12 so it becomes 369 × 12 Insert Mode: 369**12 dd Y Overwrite Mode: 369**12 ddd Y A Correcting a Calculation Examp.
E-27 A Inserting input into a Calculation Always use the insert mode for this operation. Use d or e to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert new input, and then input what you want. k Displaying the Location of an Error If an error message (like “Math ERROR” or “Syntax ERROR”) appears when you press E , press d or e .
E-28 Basic Calculations This section explains how to perform arithmetic and percent calculations. All calculations in this section are performed in the COMP Mode ( g ). k Arithmetic Calculations Use the + , - , * , and / keys to perform arithmetic calculations.
E-29 A Omitting a Final Closed Parenthesis Y ou can omit any closed parenthesis ( ) ) immediately preceding operation of the E key at the end of a calculation.
E-30 Example 5: To discount 3500 by 25%. 3500- 3500* 25 1 ( (%) E Example 6: To discount the sum of 168, 98, and 734 by 20%. 168+98+ 734 E - G *20 1 ( (%) E Example 7: If 300 grams are added to a test sample originally weighing 500 grams, what is the percentage increase in weight? 300+500 1 .
E-31 Example 9: To calculate the selling price and profit when the purchase price is $480 and the profit rate to the selling price is 25%. 480*25 1 . ( A %) 480/25 1 . ( A %) Example 10: To calculate the bargain price and loss when the purchase price is $130 and the loss rate is 4%.
E-32 Using Multi-statements in Calculations Y ou can use the colon character (:) to connect two or more expressions and execute them in sequence from left to right when you press E . Example: To create a multi-statement that performs the following two calculations: 3 + 3 and 3 × 3 Insert Mode: 1.
E-33 Using Calculation Histor y Memor y and Replay Calculation history memory maintains a record of each calculation expression you input and execute, and its result. Y ou can use calculation history memory in the COMP Mode ( g ) only . A Recalling Calculation History Memory Contents Press f to back-step through calculation history memory contents.
E-34 A Replay Function While a calculation result is on the display , you can press d or e to edit the expression you used for the previous calculation.
E-35 Using Calculator Memor y Memory Name Description Answer Memory Stores the last calculation result obtained. Independent Calculation results can be added to Memory o r subtracted from independent memory . The “M” display indicator indicates data in independent memory .
E-36 A Using Answer Memory to Perform a Series of Calculations Example: To divide the result of 3 × 4 by 30 3*4 E (Continuing) /30 E Pressing / automatically inputs “Ans” command. • With the above procedure, you need to perform the second calculation immediately after the first one.
E-37 k Independent Memory (M) Y ou can add calculation results to or subtract results from independent memory . The “M” appears on the display when independent memory contains a value. A Independent Memory Overview • The following is a summary of the dif ferent operations you can perform using independent memory .
E-38 • The “M” indicator appears in the upper left of the display when there is any value other than zero stored in independent memory . • Independent memory contents are maintained even if you press the A key , change the calculation mode, or turn of f the calculator .
E-39 • Use the following procedure when you want to check the contents of a variable. Example: T o recall the contents of variable A S n (A) • The following shows how you can include variables inside of an expression.
E-40 9. S o (B) / S D (C) E k Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) • The following are the names of the financial calculation variables (V ARS): n , I , PV , PMT , FV , P/Y , C/Y , PM1, PM2, Dys. • Financial calculation variables are used in financial calculations to store values.
E-41 k Clearing Memory Contents Use the following procedure to clear the contents of Answer Memory , independent memory , and all of the variables. This procedure does not clear V ARS memory contents. See “Clearing the Contents of V ARS Memories Only” for more information.
E-42 Financial Calculation k Simple Interest Mode • The Simple Interest (SMPL) Mode lets you calculate the interest amount and/or simple future value (principal and interest amount). A Entering the SMPL Mode • Press S to enter the SMPL Mode. V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No.
E-43 • Press 2 to select “365”. • Use fc to select 2 “Dys”, input 120, and then press E . • Use fc to select 3 “ I ”, input 5, and then press E . • Use fc to select 4 “PV”, input 10000, and then press E . 2. Select the value you want to calculate.
E-44 A SMPL Mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables Dys, I , and PV are used in the SMPL Mode. • The values of SMPL Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode.
E-45 A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 Set* 1 Payment Period (Payment) End 2 n Number of Payments 48 3 I Interest Rate 4% 4 PV Present V alue (Principal) –$1,000 5 PMT Pa.
E-46 A Basic CMPD Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the future value (FV) of an investment vehicle that pays an annual interest rate of 4%, when the initial deposit is $1,000 and additional deposits of $300 are made each month 1. Input the required values from the Setting V alues table (page E-45).
E-47 3. Press l to perform the calculation. A Calculating the Number of Payments ( n ), Interest Rate ( I %), Present V alue (Principal: PV), and Payment Amount (PMT) • Use the same procedure as shown under “Example 1” (page E-46), substituting the required values.
E-48 A Selecting Interest Calculation for a Period with a Partial Month •Y ou can select compound interest or simple interest to calculate interest for a period with a partial month. Before performing each type of calculation, first use Configuring Settings (page E-16) to select either compound interest or simple interest for the dn setting.
E-49 u u u u u I % i (ef fective interest rate) i (ef fective interest rate) is calculated using Newton's Method. γ × PV + α × PMT + β × FV = 0 To I % from i (ef fective interest rate) I % .
E-50 n : Number of Payments I %: Interest Rate PV : Present V alue (Principal) PMT : Payment Amount FV : Future V alue (Principal and Interest, or Final Payment Amount) P/Y : Number of Annual Payments.
E-51 A Entering the CASH Mode • Press C to enter the CASH Mode. V alue Input Screen A cash flow diagram like the one shown below helps to visualize the movement of funds. With this graph, the initial investment amount is represented by CF 0 . The cash flow one year later is shown by CF 1 , two years later by CF 2 , and so on.
E-52 A Basic CASH Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate net present value (NPV) 1. Input the annual interest ( I ), and then receipt and payment values provided on page E-51. • Use fc to select 1 “ I ”, input 3, and then press E . • Use fc to select “Csh =D.
E-53 A Other CASH Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) • In step 3 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “IRR:Solve”.
E-54 • Though I is a financial calculation variable, it is also used by arithmetic and function operations in the COMP Mode. A Calculation Formulas u NPV n : natural number up to 79 u NFV u IRR IRR is calculated using Newton’ s Method. In this formula, NPV = 0, and the value of IRR is equivalent to i × 100.
E-55 k Amortization Mode • The Amortization (AMRT) Mode lets you calculate the principal balance, and the interest portion and principal portion of monthly payments, as well as interest and principal amounts paid to date.
E-56 d :T otal principal paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 ( Σ PRN) e :T otal interest paid from payment PM1 to payment PM2 ( Σ INT) A Setting V alues No.
E-57 * 1 For information about specifying the payment period, see the “Payment” item under “Configuring Settings” on page E-16. * 2 Make sure the payment you specify for PM2 comes after the payment you specify for PM1. * 3 This variable is used by other modes.
E-58 2. Select the value you want to calculate. • For this example, use fc to select “BAL: Solve”. 3. Press l to perform the calculation. • Pressing the E key returns to the value input screen.
E-59 A Calculation Formulas a : Interest portion of payment PM1 (INT) INT PM1 = I BAL PM1–1 × i I × ( PMT sign ) b : Principal portion of payment PM1 (PRN) PRN PM1 = PMT + BAL PM1–1 × i c : Pri.
E-60 A Entering the CNVR Mode • Press n to enter the CNVR Mode. V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 n Number of Annual 6 Compoundings 2 I Interest Rate (Annual) 3% A Basic CNVR Mode Procedure Example 1: To convert a nominal interest rate (APR) to an ef fective interest rate (EFF) 1.
E-61 A Other CNVR Mode Calculations Example 2: To convert an ef fective interest rate (EFF) to a nominal interest rate (APR) • In step 2 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select “APR: Solve”. A CNVR Mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables n and I are used in the CNVR Mode.
E-62 A Entering the COST Mode • Press o to enter the COST Mode. V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 CST Cost $40 2 SEL Selling Price $100 3 MRG Margin 60% A Basic COST Mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the margin (MRG) 1.
E-63 A Other COST Mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the cost based on margin and selling price 1. Input the margin (MRG) and selling price (SEL) values in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. Select 1 “CST” in step 2. Example 3: To calculate the selling price (SEL) based on margin and cost 1.
E-64 k Day Calculation Mode • The Day Calculation (DA YS) Mode lets you calculate the number of dates from one date to another , the date that falls on a specific number of days after a starting date, and the date that falls on a specific number of data prior to an ending date.
E-65 * 2 •Y ou must input two digits for the month and day . This means you should include a leading zero for values from 1 through 9 (01, 02, 03... etc.). •Y ou can specify either month, day , year (MDY) or day , month, year (DMY) as the date input format.
E-66 A Other DA YS Mode Calculations Note • For Example 2 and Example 3, use the setup screen to change the “Date Mode” setting to “365”. • Calculation results “d1” and “d2” are not stored in Answer Memory . Example 2: To calculate date that falls a specific number of days (Dys) from a starting date (d1) 1.
E-67 A Entering the DEPR Mode • Press d to enter the DEPR Mode. V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 n Useful Life 6 2 I * 1 Depreciation Ratio 25% Facto.
E-68 • Use fc to select 2 “ I ”, input 25, and then press E . Note that you need to input 2 “ I ” only when you are using the fixed percent (FP) or declining balance (DB) method. • Use fc to select 3 “PV”, input 150000, and then press E .
E-69 A DEPR Mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables n , I , PV , and FV are used in the DEPR Mode. • The values of DEPR Mode variables are retained even if you change to another mode.
E-70 u Fixed Percentage Method Fixed percentage method can be used to calculate depreciation for a given period, or to calculate the depreciation rate.
E-71 u Declining Balance Method The declining balance method calculates depreciation for a given period. DB j : depreciation charge for the j th year RDV j : remaining depreciable value at the end of j th year I %: factor k Bond Mode (FC-200V only) • The Bond (BOND) Mode lets you calculate purchase price and annual yield.
E-72 No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 4 n Number of Coupon 3 Payments Until Maturity 5 RDV* 4 Redemption Price per $100 $100 of face value 6 CPN* 5 Coupon Rate 3% 7 PRC* 6 Price per $100 of face value –97.
E-73 Note •Y ou can specify a starting date (d1) in the range of January 1,1902 through December 30, 2097. •Y ou can specify an ending date (d2) in the range of January 2,1902 through December 31, 2097. • Input money paid out as a negative value, using the y key to input the minus sign.
E-74 • Press 1 to select “Date”. • Use fc to select 2 “d1”, input 06012004, and then press E . • Use fc to select 3 “d2”, input 12152006, and then press E . • Use fc to select 5 “RDV”, input 100, and then press E . • Use fc to select 6 “CPN”, input 3, and then press E .
E-75 Example 3: To calculate a bond purchase price (PRC) based on a specific number of payments (T erm) 1. In step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1), select 2 (T erm) for “Bond Date”. • This replaces input items d1 and d2 with input item n . 2.
E-76 D Issue date Redemption date (d2) Purchase date (d1) Coupon Payment dates A B A Calculation Formulas PRC : price per $100 of face value CPN : coupon rate (%) YLD : annual yield (%) A : accrued da.
E-77 + × D A CPN PRC = – INT = – – RDV (1+ ) M YLD/ 100 (1+ ) M YLD/ 100 M CPN Σ N k =1 ( N –1+ B/D ) ( k –1+ B/D ) CST = PRC + INT × D A M CPN M PRC = – – RDV M CPN (1+ ) M YLD/ 100 .
E-78 k Break-Even Mode (FC-200V only) • The Break-Even (BEVN) Mode has six sub-modes that you can use to perform various break-even point calculations.
E-79 A Entering the BEV Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “BEV :EXE”. 3. Press E . V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No.
E-80 A Basic BEV Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the break-even point sales quantity (QBE) 1. Input the values for 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , and 5 from the Setting V alues table (page E-79). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “Set:”, and then press E .
E-81 3. Press l to perform the calculation. A Other BEV Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate the break-even point sales amount (SBE) 1. Select 2 (Sales) for “B-Even” in step 1 of the basic procedure (Example 1). 2. In step 2, select “SBE”.
E-82 A BEV Sub-mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables PRC, VCU, FC, PRF , r %, QBE, and SBE are used in the BEV sub-mode. • BEV sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV , MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV .
E-83 A Entering the MOS Sub-mode 1. Press B to enter the Break-Even Mode. 2. Use fc to select “MOS:EXE”. 3. Press E . V alue Input Screen A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $1,200,000 2 SBE Break-even Sales Amount $1,000,000 3 MOS Margin of Safety 0.
E-84 A Other MOS Sub-mode Calculations Example 2: To calculate a sales amount (SAL) or break- even sales amount (SBE) • Use the basic procedure (Example 1), substituting the required values. A MOS Sub-mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables SAL, SBE, and MOS are used in the MOS sub- mode.
E-85 A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $1,200,000 2 VC V ariable Cost $600,000 3 FC Fixed Cost $200,000 4 DOL Degree of Operating Leverage 1.5 A Basic DOL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of operating leverage (DOL) 1.
E-86 A DOL Sub-mode Financial Calculation V ariables (V ARS) •V ariables SAL, VC, FC, and DOL are used in the DOL sub-mode. • DOL sub-mode variable contents are cleared whenever you change to another mode other than the BEVN Mode sub-modes (BEV , MOS, DOL, DFL, DCL, QTY CONV .
E-87 A Basic DFL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of financial leverage (DFL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting V alues table (page E-86). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “EIT”, input 400000, and then press E .
E-88 A Calculation Formula EIT : Earnings Before Interest and T axes (EBIT) ITR : Interest DFL : Degree of Financial Leverage k Degree of Combined Leverage Sub- mode (Break-Even Mode 5) • The Degree.
E-89 A Basic DCL Sub-mode Procedure Example 1: To calculate the degree of combined leverage (DCL) 1. Input the required values from the Setting V alues table (page E-88). • For this example, use fc to select 1 “SAL”, input 1200000, and then press E .
E-90 A Calculation Formula SAL : Sales Amount VC :V ariable Cost FC : Fixed Cost ITR : Interest DCL : Degree of Combined Leverage k Quantity Conversion Sub-mode (Break-Even Mode 6) • The Quantity Conversion (QTY CONV .) sub-mode lets you calculate the sales amount, sales price, or sales quantity after inputting the other two values.
E-91 A Setting V alues No. Display Name V alues Used in Examples 1 SAL Sales Amount $100,000 2 PRC Sales Price $200/unit 3 QTY Sales Quantity 500 units 4 VC V ariable Cost $15,000 5 VCU Unit V ariable Cost $30/unit 6 QTY Sales Quantity 500 units A Basic QTY CONV .
E-92 Example 3: To calculate the sales quantity (QTY) from variable cost and unit variable cost 1. Input the required values from among 4 , 5 , and 6 in the Setting V alues table (page E-91). • In this example, use fc to select 4 “VC”, input 15000, and then press E .
E-93 SAL = PRC × QTY VC = VCU × QTY A Calculation Formulas SAL : Sales Amount PRC : Sales Price QTY : Sales Quantity VC :V ariable Cost VCU : Unit V ariable Cost.
E-94 Shor tcuts k Custom Shortcut Keys Y ou can assign a mode, setup information, a value, or a calculation expression to a shortcut key for instant access whenever you need it. This feature comes in handy when you need to often perform the same calculation or input the same data.
E-95 5. Use fc to select “Shortcut1”, and then press E . 6. In response to the confirmation screen that appears, press E (Y es). • If you want to cancel this operation without assigning anything to 1 (Shortcut1) key , press E instead of E in step 6.
E-96 3. Use fc to select “FV”, and then press l to perform the calculation. • This calculates the future value of the investment after five years. The result appears on the display and is stored in Answer Memory (Ans). 4. Press 2 (Shortcut2). • This recalls the formula (for calculating tax) assigned to the 2 (Shortcut2) key .
E-97 u To configure an FMEM key Example: To assign the function “sin –1 ” to the FMEM1 key 1. Press m to enter the COMP Mode. 2. (1) t (2) “sin –1 ” ( fc ), then E . 3. Press 1t (ST O). •A number sign (#) next to “FMEM1” or “FMEM2” indicates that there is already data assigned to the key .
E-98 Function Calculations This section explains how to use the calculator ’s built-in functions. • Certain function calculations may take some time to display calculation results. Before performing an operation, be sure to wait until execution of the current operation is complete.
E-99 Example: sin 30 = 0.5, sin –1 0.5 = 30 z 1 1 (sin) 30) E 1. t 2. “sin –1 ” ( fc ), then E . 3. 0.5) E k Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic Functions Example: sinh 1 = 1.175201 194, cosh –1 1 = 0 1. t 2. “sinh” ( fc ), then E . 3. 1) E 1.
E-100 z ( 1 5 ( π ) /2) 1G (DRG ' ) 2 ( r ) E 50 1G (DRG ' ) 3 ( g ) E Example 2: cos ( π radians) = –1, cos (100 grads) = 0 z 1 2 (cos) 1 5 ( π ) 1G (DRG ' ) 2 ( r ) ) E 1 2 (cos) 100 1G (DRG ' ) 3 ( g ) ) E Example 3: cos –1 (–1) = 180 cos –1 (–1) = π z 1.
E-101 Example 1: log 2 16 = 4 1. t 2. “log(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 1 ) (,) 16) E Example 2: log16 = 1.2041 19983 1. t 2. “log(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 16) E A base of 10 (common logarithm) is used if no base is specified. Example 3: ln 90 (= log e 90) = 4.
E-102 Example 2: (1 + 1) 2+2 = 16 1. (1+1) t 2. “^(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2+2) E Example 3: 2 3 = 8 1. 2 t 2. “3” ( fc ), then E . 3. E Example 4: ( ' 2 + 1) ( ' 2 – 1) = 1 1. ( t 2. “ ' (” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2)+1)( t 4. “ ' (” ( fc ), then E .
E-103 k Rectangular-Polar Coordinate Conversion Rectangular Polar Coordinates Coordinates (Rec) (Pol) Converting to Polar Coordinates (Pol) Pol(X, Y) X: Specifies the rectangular coordinate X value Y: Specifies the rectangular coordinate Y value • Calculation result θ is displayed in the range of –180 ° < θ < 180 ° .
E-104 Example 1: (X, Y) = ( ' 2, ' 2) → ( r , θ ) z 1. t 2. “ Pol(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 1 5 ( ' ) 2) 1 ) (,) 1 5 ( ' ) 2)) E Example 2: ( r , θ ) = (2, 30) → (X, Y) z 1. t 2. “ Rec(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 1 ) (,) 30) E k Other Functions This section explains how to use the functions shown below .
E-105 A Absolute V alue Calculation (Abs) When you are performing a real number calculation, this function simply obtains the absolute value. Example: Abs (2 – 7) = 5 1. t 2. “Abs(” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2-7) E A Random Number (Ran#) This function generates a 3-digit pseudo random number that is less than 1.
E-106 A Permutation ( n P r ) and Combination ( n C r ) These functions make it possible to perform permutation and combination calculations. n and r must be integers in the range of 0 < r < n < 1 × 10 10 . Example: How many four-person permutations and combinations are possible for a group of 10 people? 1.
E-107 (Calculation is performed internally using 15 digits.) 200/7 E FIX *14 E FIX The following performs the same calculation with rounding. 200/7 E FIX (Round the value to the specified number of digits.
E-108 Statistical Calculation All calculations in this section are performed in the ST A T Mode ( 7 ). A Selecting a Statistical Calculation T ype In the ST A T Mode, display the statistical calculation type selection screen. k Statistical Calculation T ypes Use fc to select Item, and then press E .
E-109 A ST A T Editor Screen There are two ST A T editor screen formats, depending on the type of statistical calculation you selected. Single-variable Statistics Paired-variable Statistics • The first line of the ST A T editor screen shows the value for the first sample or for the values for their first pair of samples.
E-110 Example: To input the value 123.45 in cell X1 (Move the cursor to cell X1.) 123.45 S TAT E S TAT Registering a value causes the cursor to move down one cell.
E-111 A Editing Sample Data Replacing the Data in a Cell 1. On the ST A T editor screen, move the cursor to the cell you want to edit. 2. Input the new data value or expression, and then press E . Important! • Note that you must totally replace the existing data of the cell with new input.
E-112 k Using the ST A T Menu While the ST A T editor screen or ST A T calculation screen is on the display , press 17 (S-MENU) to display the ST A T menu. The content to the ST A T menu depends on whether the currently selected statistical operation type uses a single variable or paired variables.
E-113 Paired-variable Menu Item Select this When you want to do this: menu item: Display the Reg sub-menu of commands for regression calculations • For details see “Commands when Lin- ear Regressi.
E-114 MinMax Sub-menu ( 17 (S-MENU) 6 (MinMax)) Select this When you want to obtain this: menu item: 1 minX Minimum value 2 maxX Maximum value Single-variable Statistical Calculation Example 1: To select single-variable (1-V AR) and input the following data: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10} (FREQ: ON) Preparation 1.
E-115 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 3 (Edit) 1 (Ins) cccccccc Y S TAT A S TAT Example 3: To edit the FREQ data to the following: {1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1} (FREQ: ON) 17 (S-MENU) 2 (Data) e S TAT c 2 E c 2 E 2 E S TAT 2 E 3 E 4 E 2 E A S TAT • Examples 4 through 7 all use the same data as Example 3.
E-116 17 (S-MENU) 4 (Sum) S TAT 2 ( Σ x ) E Example 5: To calculate number of samples, mean, and population standard deviation. 17 (S-MENU) 5 (V ar) 1 (n) E S TAT 17 (S-MENU) 5 (V ar) S TAT 2 ( o ) E 17 (S-MENU) 5 (V ar) S TAT 3 ( x σ n ) E Example 6: To calculate minimum value and maximum value.
E-117 A Commands when Linear Regression Calculation (A+BX) Is Selected With linear regression, regression is performed in accordance with the following model equation.
E-118 Sum Sub-menu ( 17 (S-MENU) 4 (Sum)) Select this When you want to obtain this: menu item: 1 Σ x 2 Sum of squares of the X-data 2 Σ x Sum of the X-data 3 Σ y 2 Sum of squares of the Y -data 4 .
E-119 Reg Sub-menu ( 17 (S-MENU) 7 (Reg)) Select this When you want to obtain this: menu item: 1 A Regression coefficient constant term A 2 B Regression coefficient B 3 r Correlation coef ficient r 4 m Estimated value of x 5 n Estimated value of y Linear Regression Calculation • Examples 8 through 10 all use the data input in Example 7.
E-120 ce 1 E S TAT 1.1 E 1.2 E 1.3 E 1.4 E 1.5 E 1.6 E S TAT 1.7 E 1.8 E 2 E A S TAT Example 8: 17 (S-MENU) 4 (Sum) 5 ( Σ xy ) E S TAT 17 (S-MENU) 5 (V ar) 3 ( x σ n ) E S TAT 17 (S-MENU) 6 (MinMax).
E-121 Example 9: 17 (S-MENU) 7 (Reg) 1 (A) E S TAT 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 2 (B) E 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 3 (r) E Example 10: Estimated V alue ( y = –3 → m = ?) y 3 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) .
E-122 Calculation formula used for each command A = – B ( ) – C ( ) n Σ y n Σ x n Σ x 2 B = S xx . S x 2 x 2 – ( S xx 2 ) 2 S xy . S x 2 x 2 – S x 2 y . S xx 2 C = S xx . S x 2 x 2 – ( S xx 2 ) 2 S x 2 y . S xx – S xy . S xx 2 ( Σ x ) 2 Sxx = Σ x 2 – n Sxy = Σ xy – n ( Σ x .
E-123 • Sum sub-menu (sums), V ar sub-menu (number of samples, mean, standard deviation), and MinMax sub- menu (maximum value, minimum value) operations are the same those for linear regression calculations. Quadratic Regression Calculation • Examples 1 1 through 13 all use the data input in Example 7 (page E-1 19).
E-124 Example 13: y = 3 → m 1 = ? 3 17 (S-MENU) 7 (Reg) S TAT 4 ( m 1 ) E y = 3 → m 2 = ? 3 17 (S-MENU) 7 (Reg) S TAT 5 ( m 2 ) E x = 2 → n = ? 2 17 (S-MENU) 7 (Reg) S TAT 6 ( n ) E A Comments f.
E-125 ab Exponential Regression (A•B^X) A = exp ( ) n Σ ln y – B . Σ x B = exp ( ) n . Σ x 2 – ( Σ x ) 2 n . Σ x ln y – Σ x . Σ ln y r = { n . Σ x 2 – ( Σ x ) 2 }{ n . Σ ( ln y ) 2 – ( Σ ln y ) 2 } n . Σ x ln y – Σ x . Σ ln y m = ln B ln y – ln A n = AB x A = exp ( ) n Σ ln y – B .
E-126 A = n Σ y – B . Σ x –1 B = Sxx Sxy r = Sxx = Σ ( x –1 ) 2 – Sy y = Σ y 2 – Sxy = Σ ( x –1 ) y – Sxx . Syy Sxy n ( Σ x –1 ) 2 n Σ x –1 . Σ y m = y – A B n = A + x B n ( Σ y ) 2 Inverse Regression (1/X) A = exp ( ) n Σ ln y – B .
E-127 Comparison of Regression Curves • The following example uses the data input in Example 7 (page E-1 19). Example 14: To compare the correlation coefficient for logarithmic, e exponential, ab exponential, power , and inverse regression.
E-128 Other T ypes of Regression Calculation Example 15: y = A + B ln x 1. s 2. “ST A T” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 (Off) 7 ccc E (ln X) 29 E 50 E 74 E S TAT 103 E 118 E ce 1.
E-129 Example 16: y = Ae B x 1. s 2. “ST A T” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 (Off) 7 cccc E ( e ^X) 6.9 E 12.9 E 19.8 E S TAT 26.7 E 35.1 E ce 21.4 E 15.7 E S TAT 12.
E-130 Example 17: y = AB x 1. s 2. “ST A T” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 (Off) 7 ccccc E (A•B^X) y 1 E 3 E 5 E S TAT 10 E ce 0.24 E 4 E S TAT 16.2 E 513 E A17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 1 (A) E 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 2 (B) E 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 3 (r) E x = 15 → n = ? 15 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 5 ( n ) E y = 1.
E-131 Example 18: y = Ax B 1. s 2. “ST A T” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 (Off) 7 cccccc E (A•X^B) 28 E 30 E 33 E S TAT 35 E 38 E ce 2410 E 3033 E 3895 E S TAT 4491 E 5717 E A17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 1.
E-132 B Example 19: y = A + –– x 1. s 2. “ST A T” ( fc ), then E . 3. 2 (Off) 7 ccccccc E (1/X) 1.1 E 2.1 E S TAT 2.9 E 4 E 4.9 E ce 18.3 E S TAT 9.7 E 6.8 E 4.9 E 4.1 E A17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 1 (A) E 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 2 (B) E 17 (S-MENU) S TAT 7 (Reg) 3 (r) E x = 3.
E-133 A Command Usage T ips • The commands included in the Reg sub-menu can take a long time to execute in logarithmic, e exponential, ab exponential, or power regression calculation when there are a large number of data samples.
E-134 T echnical Infor mation k Calculation Priority Sequence The calculator performs calculations according to a calculation priority sequence. • Basically , calculations are performed from left to right. • Expressions within parentheses have the highest priority .
E-135 Example: –2 2 = –4 1. y 2 2. t 3. “2” ( fc ), then E . 4. E (–2) 2 = 4 1. ( y 2) 2. t 3. “2” ( fc ), then E . 4. E Multiplication and division, and multiplication where the sign is omitted are the same priority (Priority 6), so these operations are performed from left to right when both types are mixed in the same calculation.
E-136 k Stack Limitations This calculator uses memory areas called stacks to temporarily store lower calculation priority sequence values, commands, and functions. The numeric stack has 10 levels and the command stack has 24 levels, as shown in the illustration below .
E-137 k Calculation Ranges, Number of Digits, and Precision The calculation range, number of digits used for internal calculation, and calculation precision depends on the type of calculation you are performing. Calculation Range and Precision Calculation Range ± 1 × 10 –99 to ± 9.
E-138 Functions Input Range tanh –1 x 0 x 9.999999999 10 –1 log x /ln x 0 x 9.999999999 10 99 10 x –9.999999999 10 99 x 99.
E-139 Financial Calculation Ranges P/Y Natural number from 1 to 9999 C/Y PM1 Integer from 1 to 9999 PM2 PM1 < PM2 January 1, 1901 through December 31, 2099 d1 January 1, 1902 through December 30, 2.
E-140 Depreciation Mode When calculating “Depreciation” One or more of “PV”, “FV”, “ i%” is negative value ................................................... Math ERROR n > 255 ............................................. Math ERROR j > n + 1 (YR1 G 12) .
E-141 Math ERROR Cause • The intermediate or final result of the calculation you are performing exceeds the allowable calculation range. •Y our input exceeds the allowable input range. • The calculation you are performing contains an illegal mathematical operation (such as division by zero).
E-142 the current expression, the cursor changes shape to I to let you know . If the I cursor appears, terminate the expression at a convenient point and calculate the result. Argument ERROR Cause • Financial conditions insuf ficient for financial calculations (such as YR1 > 12).
E-143 Refer ence k Power Requirements and Battery Replacement FC-200V Y our calculator uses a TWO W A Y POWER system that combines a solar cell with G13 type button battery (LR44). Normally , calculators equipped with a solar cell alone can operate only when relatively bright light is present.
E-144 4. Wipe a new battery with a dry cloth, and then load it into the calculator with its positive k side facing upwards (so you can see it). 5. Replace the battery cover and secure it in place with its screw .
E-145 1. Press 1A (OFF) to turn of f the calculator . 2. On the back of the calculator , remove the screws and the back cover . 3. Remove the old battery . 4. Load a new battery into the calculator with its positive k and negative l ends facing correctly .
E-146 Specifications FC-200V Power Requirements: Solar Cell: Built into the front of the calculator Button Battery: G13 T ype (LR44) × 1 Battery Life: Approximately 3 years (Based on one hour of operation per day .) Operating T emperature: 0 ° C to 40 ° C Dimensions: 12.
SA0904-E CASIO COMPUTER CO. , L TD . 6-2, Hon-machi 1-chome Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-8543, Japan.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Casio FC200V è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Casio FC200V - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Casio FC200V imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Casio FC200V ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Casio FC200V, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Casio FC200V.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Casio FC200V. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Casio FC200V insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
