Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto Measurement and Control Module CR10 del fabbricante Campbell
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CR10 MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE OPERATOR'S MANUAL REVISION: 3/96 COPYRIGHT (c) 1987-1996 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC..
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WARRANTY AND ASSISTANCE The CR10 MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE is warranted by CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC, INC. to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for thirty-six (36) months from date of shipment unless specified otherwise.
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CR10 MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE T ABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE OV1. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OV1.1 Wiri ng P anel .............................................................................................................. .......... OV-1 OV1.2 Connecting Power to the CR1 0 .
CR10 TABLE OF CONTENTS ii 2. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE 2.1 Final Storage Areas, Output A rrays, and Memory Pointers .................................................. 2-1 2.2 Data Output Format and Range Li mits ...........................................
CR10 TABLE OF CONTENTS iii PROGRAM EXAMPLES 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7.1 Single-Ended Voltage - LI200S Silicon Pyr anometer ............................................................ 7-1 7.2 Differential Volt age Measurem ent ............
CR10 TABLE OF CONTENTS iv MEASUREMENTS 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13.1 Fast and Slow Meas urement S equence .............................................................................. 13-1 13.2 Single-Ended and Differential Voltage Measur ements .......
CR10 TABLE OF CONTENTS v LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... LT-1 LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................
CR10 TABLE OF CONTENTS vi This is a blank page..
vi SELECTED OPERA TING DET AILS 1. Storing Data - Data are stored in Final Storage only by Output Processing Instructions and only when the Output Flag is set. (Sections OV4.1.1 and OV4.2.1) 2. Storing Date and Time - Date and time are stored with the data in Final Storage ONLY if the Real Time Instruction 77 is used.
vii CAUTIONAR Y NOTES 1. Damage will occur to the analog input circuitry if voltages in excess of ±16 V are applied for a sustained period. Voltages in excess of ±5V will cause errors and possible overranging on other analog input channels.
OV-1 CR10 MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL MODULE OVERVIEW Campbell Scientific Inc. provides four aids to understanding and operating the CR10: 1. PCTOUR 2. This Overview 3. The CR10 Operator's Manual 4. The CR10 Prompt Sheet PCTOUR is a computer-guided tour of CR10 operat ion and the use of the PC208 Datalogger Support Software.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-2.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-3 FIGURE OV1.1-1. CR10 and Wiring Panel.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-4 FIGURE OV1.1-2. CR10 Wiring Panel/Instruction Access.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-5.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-6 OV1.1.1 ANALOG INPUTS The terminals labeled 1H to 6L are analog inputs. These numbers refer to the high and low inputs to the differential channels 1 through 6. In a differential measurement, the voltage on the H input is measured with respect to the voltage on the L input.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-7 OV1.2 CONNECTING POWER TO THE CR10 The CR10 can be powered by any 12VDC source. First connect t he positive lead from the power supply to one of the 12V terminals and then connect the negative lead to one of the power ground (G) terminals.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-8 INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS Specify the conversi on of a sensor signal to a data value and store it in Input Storage. Programmable entries specify: (1) the measurement type (2) the nu.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-9 OV2.2 CR10 INSTRUCTION TYPES Figure OV2.1-1 illustrates the use of three different instruction types which act on data. The fourth type, Program Control, is used to control output times and vary program execution. Instructions are identified by numbers.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-10 Table 1. Execute every x sec. 0.0156 < x < 8191 Instructions are executed sequentially in the order they are entered in the table. One complete pass through the table is made each execution interval unless program control instructions are used to loop or branch execution.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-11 contains a program editor (EDLOG), a terminal emulator (GraphTerm), telecommunications (TELCOM), a data reduction program (SPLIT), and programs to retrieve data from both generations of Campbell Scientific's Storage Modules (SMREAD and SMCOM).
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-12 straight cable with the proper connectors (Campbell Scientific SC25PS or equivalent for a 25 pin serial port configured DTE). OV3.3.2 ESTABLISHING COMMUNICATION WITH THE CR10 Communication software is available for most computers having a serial port.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-13 TABLE OV4.1-1. * Mode Summary Key Mode *0 LOG data and indicate active Tables *1 Program Table 1 *2 Program Table 2 *3 Program Table 3, subroutines only *5 Display/set real time clock *6 Display/alter Input Storage data, toggle flags or control ports.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-14 determined by the order of the Output Processing Instructions in the table. 6. Repeat steps 4 through 6 for additional outputs on different intervals or conditions. NOTE : The program must be executed for output to occur. Therefore, the interval at which the Output Flag is set must be evenly divisible by the execution interval.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-15 datalogger is powered-up, requiring only that the clock be set. The program on power up function can be achieved by using a SM192/716 Storage Module. Up to 8 programs can be stored in the Storage Module, the programs may be assigned any of the numbers 1-8.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-16 OV5.1 SAMPLE PROGRAM 1 In this example the CR10 is programmed to read its own internal temperature (using a built in thermistor) every 5 seconds and to send the results to Final Storage. Display Will Show: Key (ID:Data) Explanation * 00:00 Enter mode.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-17 A 02:0000 Enter 1 and advance to second parameter (Input Storage location to sample). 1 02:1 Input Storage Location 1, where the temperature is stored. A 04:P00 Enter 1 and advance to fourth program inst ruction. * 00:00 Exit Table 1.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-18 Parameter 2 is the voltage range to use when making the measurement. The output of a type T thermocouple is approximately 40 microvolts per degree C difference in temperature between the two junctions. The ± 2.5 mV scale will provide a range of +2500/40 = +62.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-19 SAMPLE PROGRAM 2 Instruction # Parameter (Loc:Entry) (Par#:Entry) Description *1 Enter Program Table 1 01:60 60 second (1 minute) execution interval Key "#D" until 01:P00 Erase previous Program before is displayed continuing.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-20 Instruction # Parameter (Loc.:Entry) (Par.#:Entry) Description 09: P74 Minimize instruction 01:1 One repetition 02:10 Output the time of the daily minimum in hours and minutes 03:2 Data source is Input Storage Location 2. The program to make the measurem ents and to send the desired data to Final Storage has been entered.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-21 TABLE OV6.1-1. Data Retrieval Methods and Related Instructions Storage Printer, other Telecommunications Module Serial Device (RF, Phone, Short Haul, SC32A) Inst. 96, Inst. 96, Inst. 97 *8 *8 *9 Inst. 98, (Telecommunications Commands) TABLE OV6.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-22.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-23 FIGURE OV6.1-1. Data Retrieval Hardware Options.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-24 OV7. SPECIFICATIONS.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-25.
CR10 OVERVIEW OV-26.
1-1 SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1.1 PROGRAM TABLES - *1, *2, AND *3 MODES Data acquisition and processing functions are controlled by user-entered instructions contained in program tables. Programming can be separated into 2 tables, each having its own user-entered execution interval.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-2 Subroutines 97 and 98 have the unique capability of being executed when a port goes high (ports 7 and 8 respectively). Either subroutine will interrupt Tables 1 and 2 (Section 1.1.3) when the appropriate port goes high.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-3 second or less remain constant while time is reset. Averaged values will still be accurate, though the interval may have a different number of samples than normal. Totalized values will reflect the different number of samples.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-4 1.3.2 DISPLAYING AND TOGGLING USER FLAGS If D is keyed while the CR10 is displaying a location value, the current status of the user flags will be displayed in the following format: "00:010010". The characters represent the flags, the left-most digit is Flag 1 and right most is Flag 8.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-5 require 2. Section 2 describes Final Storage and data retrieval in detail. Table 1.5-1 lists the basic memory functions and the amount of memory allotted to them.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-6 TABLE 1.5-1. Memory Allocation in CR10 (32K ROM, 64K RAM) DEFAULT ALLOCATION Program System Input Intermediate Final Storage Memory Memory Storage Storage Area 1 Area 2 64K RAM Bytes 1986 3302 112 256 59,816 0 Loc. 28 64 29,908 0 MAXIMUM REALLOCATION FROM FINAL STORAGE Maximum No.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-7 A 05: XXXXX Bytes free in program memory. Key in 1986 to completely reset datalogger..
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-8 The maximum size of Input and Intermediate Storage and the minimum size of Final Storage are determined by the size of RAM chips installed (Table 1.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-9 A 07: XXXX. Version revision number TABLE 1.7-1. *C Mode Entries SECURITY DISABLED Keyboard Display Entry ID: Data Description *C 01:XXXX Non-zero password blocks entry to *1, *2, *3, *A, and *D Modes. A 02:XXXX Non-zero password blocks *5 and *6 except for display.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-10 1 Send ASCII Program 2 Load ASCII Program 7N Save/Load/Clear Program from Storage Module N.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-11 Commands 1 and 2 (when entered from the Keyboard/Display) and 7 have an additional 2 digit option parameters (7 is entered with the Storage Module address, e.g., 71). The CR10 will display the command number and prompt for the option.
SECTION 1. FUNCTIONAL MODES 1-12 LOAD PROGRAM FROM ASCII FILE Command 2 sets up the CR10 to load a program which is input as serial ASCII data in the same form as sent in response to command 1. A download file need not follow exactly the same format that is used when listing a program (i.
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2-1 SECTION 2. INTERNAL DA T A ST ORAGE 2.1 FINAL STORAGE AREAS, OUTPUT ARRAYS, AND MEMORY POINTERS Final Storage is that portion of memory where final processed data are stored. It is from Final Storage that data is transferred to your computer or external storage peripheral.
2-2.
SECTION 2. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE 2-3 Output Processing Instructions store data into Final Storage only when the Output Flag is set. The string of data stored each time the Output Flag is set is called an OUTPUT ARRAY . The first data point in the output array is a 3 digit OUTPUT ARRAY ID .
SECTION 2. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE 2-4 NOTE: All memory pointers are set to the DSP location when the datalogger compiles a program. For this reason, ALWAYS RETRIEVE UNCOLLECTED DATA BEFORE MAKING PROGRAM CHANGES. For example, assume the TPTR lags the DSP by less than 512 data points when the datalogger program is altered.
SECTION 2. INTERNAL DATA STORAGE 2-5 If no memory has been allocated to Final Storage Area 2, this first window will be skipped. The next window displays the current DSP location. Pressing A advances you to the Output array ID of the oldest Array in the Storage Area.
3-1 SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS The instructions used to program the CR10 are divi ded into four types: Input/O utput (I/O), Processing, Output Processing, and Program Control. I/O Inst ructions are used to make measurements and store the readings in input locations or to initiate analog or digital port output.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-2 Location or Port the instruction acts on. Normally the loop counter is incremented by 1 after each pass through the loop. Instruction 90, Step Loop Index, allows the increment step to be changed. See Instructions 87 and 90, Section 12, for more details.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-3 The instructions to output the average temperature every 10 minutes are in Table 2 which has an execution interval of 10 seconds.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-4 As an example, suppose it is desired to obtain a wind speed rose incorporating only wind speeds greater than or equal to 4.5 m/s. The wind speed rose is computed using the Histogram Instruction 75, and wind speed is stored in input location 14, in m/s.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-5 FIGURE 3.8-2. Logical AND Construction If Then/Else comparisons may be nested to form logical AND or OR branching. Figure 3.8- 2 illustrates an AND construction. If conditions A and B are true, the instructions included between IF B and the first End Instruction will be executed.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-6.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-7.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-8 TABLE 3.9-2. Processing Instruction Memory and Execution Times R = No. of Reps. INPUT MEMORY PROG. INSTRUCTION LOC. INTER. LOC. BYTES EXECUTION TIME (ms) 30 Z=F 1 0 9 0.2 + 0.6 * exponent 31 Z=X 1 0 6 0.5 32 Z=Z+1 1 0 4 0.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-9 1 Output values may be sent to either Final Storage area or Input Storage with Instruction 80..
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-10 TABLE 3.9-4. Program Control Instruction Memory and Execution Times MEMORY INTER. PROG. INSTRUCTION LOC. BYTES EXECUTION TIME (ms) 83 IF CASE <F 0 9 0.5 85 LABEL SUBR. 0 3 0 86 DO 0 5 0.1 87 LOOP 1 7 0.2 88 IF X<=>Y 0 1 0 0.
SECTION 3. INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3-11 *D Mode errors indicate problems with saving or loading a program. Only the error code is displayed. TABLE 3.10-1.
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4-1 SECTION 4. EXTERNAL ST ORAGE PERIPHERALS External data storage devices ar e used to provide a data transfer medium that the user can carry from the test site to the lab and to s upplement the internal storage capacity of the CR10, allowing longer periods between visits to the site.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-2 Instruction 96 has a single parameter which specifies the peripheral to send output to. Table 4.1-1 lists the output device codes. TABLE 4.1-1. Output Device Codes for Instruction 96 and *8 Mode Code Device 00 Tape.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-3 TABLE 4.2-1. *8 Mode Entries Display Key ID:DATA Description *8 08:00 Key 1 or 2 for Storage Area. (This window is skipped if no memory has been allocated to Final Storage Area 2.) A 01:XX Key in Output Device Option.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-4 the RC35 by switching power through the DC power line of the SC92A/SC93A. TABLE 4.3-1 Cassette Recorder Specifications Power 6 VDC (provided by CR10 through SC92A or SC93A); 4 AA size batteries; 120 VAC/6 VDC adapter Current Drain 200 mA typ.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-5 4.3.3 TAPE FORMAT Data is transferred to cassette tape in the high speed/high density Format 2. Data tapes generated by the CR10 are read by the PC201 tape read card for the IBM PC or by the C20 Cassette Interface.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-6.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-7 FIGURE 4.4-1. Example of CR10 Printable ASCII Output Format 4.4.2 COMMA DELINEATED ASCII Comma Delineated ASCII strips all IDs, leading zeros, unnecessary decimal points and trailing zeros, and plus signs. Data points are separated by commas.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-8 Module is connected, and it is not full, address 1 will address that Storage Module regardless of the address that is assigned to the Module. Address 1 would be used with Instruction 96 if several Storage Modules with different addresses were connected to the CR10 and were to be filled sequentially.
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-9 one response, advance through these and return to the *9 command state by keying A..
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-10 TABLE 4.6-1. *9 Commands for Storage Module COMMAND DISPLAY DESCRIPTION 1 01: 0000 RESET, enter 248 to erase all data and programs. While erasing, the SM checks memory. The number of good chips is then 01: XX displayed (6 for SM192, 22 SM716).
SECTION 4. EXTERNAL STORAGE PERIPHERALS 4-11 10:0X X is current address, enter address to change to (1-8).
5-1 SECTION 5. TELECOMMUNICA TIONS Telecommunications is used to retrieve data from Final Storage directly to a computer/terminal and to program the CR10. Any user communication with t he CR10 that makes use of a computer or term inal instead of the CR10KD is through Telecommunications.
SECTION 5. TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5-2 3. Valid characters are the numbers 0-9 , the capital letters A-M , the colon ( : ), and the carriage return ( CR ). 4. An illegal character increments a counter and zeros the command buffer, returning a * . 5. CR to datalogger means "execute".
SECTION 5. TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5-3 TABLE 5.1-1. Telecommunications Commands Command Description [F.S. Area] A SELECT AREA/STATUS - If 1 or 2 does not precede the A to select the Final Storage Area, the CR10 will default to Area 1. All subsequent commands other than A will address the area selected.
SECTION 5. TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5-4 K CURRENT INFORMATION - In response to the K command, the CR10 sends datalogger time, user flag stat us, the data at the input locations requested in the J command, and Final Storage Data if requested by the J command.
6-1 SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6.1 PIN DESCRIPTION All external communication peripherals connect to the CR10 through the 9-pin subminiature D- type socket connector located on the front of the Wiring Panel (Figure 6.1-1). Table 6.1-1 shows the I/O pin configuration, and gives a brief description of the function of each pin.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-2 FIGURE 6.2-1. Hardw are Enabled and Synchronously Addressed Peripherals 6.2 ENABLING AND ADDRESSING PERIPHERALS While several peripherals may be connected in parallel to the 9-pin port, the CR10 has only one transmit line (pin 9) and one receive line (pin 4, Table 6.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-3 from enabled peripherals in that they are not enabled solely by a hardware line (Section 6.2.1); an SD is enabled by an address synchronously clocked from the CR10 (Section 6.6). Up to 16 SDs may be addressed by the CR10.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-4 1. Comma delineated ASCII - after every 32 characters. 2. Printable ASCII - after every line. 3. Binary - after every 256 Final Storage locations.
6-5 FIGURE 6.6-1. Addressing Sequence for the RF Modem.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-6 State 2 requires all SDs to drop the Ring line and prepare for addressing. The CR10 then synchronously clocks 8 bits onto TXD using CLK/HS as a clock. The least significant bit is transmitted first and is always logic high.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-7 tions Command State (Section 5). If the carriage returns are not received within the 40 seconds, the CR10 "hangs up".
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-8 22 RI I Ring Indicator: The modem raises this line to tell the terminal that the phone is ringing. 7 SG Signal Ground: Voltages are measured relative to this point.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-9 FIGURE 6.7-1. Transmitting the ASCII Character 1 If the computer/terminal is configured as DCE equipment (pin 2 is an input for RD), a null modem cable is required.
SECTION 6. 9-PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6-10 To overcome the limitations of half duplex, some communications links expect a terminal sending data to also write the data to the screen.
7-1 SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES This section gives some examples of Input Programming for com mon sensors used with the CR10. These examples detail only the connections, Inpu t, Program Control, and Processing Instructions necessary to perform measurements and store the dat a in engineering units in Input Storage.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-2 FIGURE 7.2-1. Typical Connection for Active Sensor with External Battery 7.2 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT Some sensors either contain or require active signal conditioning circuitry to provide an easily measured analog voltage output.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-3 FIGURE 7.3-1. CR10TCR Mounted on the CR10 Wiring Panel 7.3 THERMOCOUPLE TEMPERATURES USING THE OPTIONAL CR10TCR TO MEASURE THE REFERENCE TEMPERATURE The CR10TCR Thermocouple Reference is a temperature reference for thermocouples measured with the CR10 Measurement and Control Module.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-4 FIGURE 7.4-1. Thermocouples w ith External Reference Junction In the following example, an external temperature measurement is used as the reference for 5 thermocouple measurements. A Campbell Scientific 107 Temperature Probe is used to measure the reference temperature.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-5 temperatures of the three probes which are stored in Input Locations 1-3; the RH values are stored in Input Locations 4-6. The temperature measurements are made on single-ended input channels 1-3, just as in example 7.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-6 FIGURE 7.8-1. Wiring Diagram for Rain Gage w ith Long Leads 7.8 TIPPING BUCKET RAIN GAGE WITH LONG LEADS A tipping bucket rain gage is measured with the Pulse Count Instruction configured for Switch Closure.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-7 FIGURE 7.9-1. Wiring Diagram for PRT in 4 Wire Half Bridge The result of Instruction 9 when the first differential measurement (V 1 ) is not made on the 2.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-8 FIGURE 7.10-1. 3 Wire Half Bridge Used to Measure 100 ohm PRT 7.10 100 OHM PRT IN 3 WIRE HALF BRIDGE The temperature measurement requirements in this example are the same as in Section 7.9. In this case, a three wire half bridge, Instruction 7, is used to measure the resistance of the PRT.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-9 FIGURE 7.11-1. Full Bridge Schematic for 100 ohm PRT 7.11 100 OHM PRT IN 4 WIRE FULL BRIDGE This example describes obtaining the temperature from a 100 ohm PRT in a 4 wire full bridge (Instruction 6).
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-10 coefficient is 0.00385/ ° C. The change in nonlinearity of a PRT with the temperature coefficient of 0.00392/ ° C is minute compared with the slope change. Entering a slope correction factor of 0.00385/0.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-11 FIGURE 7.12-1. Wiring Diagram for Full Bridge Pressure Transducer FIGURE 7.13-1. Lysimeter Weighing Mechanism 7.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-12 FIGURE 7.13-2. 6 Wire Full Bridge Connection for Load Cell copper changes 0.4% per degree C change in temperature. Assume that the cable between the load cell and the CR10 lays on the soil surface and undergoes a 25 ° C diurnal temperature fluctuation.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-13 The average is used, instead of a sample, in order to cancel out effects of wind loading on the lysimeter. PROGRAM 01: P9 Full BR w/Compensation 01: 1 Rep 02: 25 2500 mV 60 Hz rejection EX Range 03: 22 7.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-14 PROGRAM 01: P5 AC Half Bridge 01: 6 Reps 02: 15 2500 mV fast Range 03: 1 IN Chan 04: 1 Excite all reps w/EXchan 1 05: 2500 mV Excitation 06: 1 Loc [:H20 BARS ] 07: 1 Mult 08: 0 Offset 02: P59 BR Transform Rf[X/(1-X)] 01: 6 Reps 02: 1 Loc [:H20 BARS ] 03: .
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-15 PROGRAM 01: P4 Excite,Delay,Volt(SE) 01: 5 Reps 02: 25 2500 mV 60 Hz rejection Range 03: 1 IN Chan 04: 1 Excite all reps w/EXchan 1 05: 10 Delay (units .01sec) 06: 2000 mV Excitation 07: 1 Loc [:TEMP C #1] 08: .
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-16 The following calculations are based on using a Geokon model 4500 Vibrating Wire sensor. An individual multiplier and offset must be calculated for each sensor used in a system.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-17 FIGURE 7.16-2. Well Monitoring Example.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-18 FIGURE 7.16-3. Hook up to AVW1 Program: AVW1 & CR10 USED TO MEASURE 1 GEOKON VIBRATING WIRE SENSOR. * 1 Table 1 Programs 01: 60 Sec. Execution Interval 01: P4 Excite,Delay,Volt(SE) 01: 1 Rep 02: 15 2500 mV fast Range 03: 1 IN Chan 04: 1 Excite all reps w/EXchan 1 05: 1 Delay (units .
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-19 10: 0 Offset 04: P34 Z=X+F 01: 1 X Loc TEMP 02: -24 F 03: 3 Z Loc [:TEMP COMP] 05: P37 Z=X*F 01: 3 X Loc TEMP COMP 02: -.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-20 Time out calculations using a recommended 9000 and 5000 cycles for temperature and pressure at the maximum frequency are shown below. Time out for temperature: 6, 5.22 = (5.8*10 -6 )(9000/0.01) Time out for pressure: 16, 15.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-21 FIGURE 7.17-1. CR10/Paroscientific "T" Series Transducer Wiring Diagram Subroutine 1, which loads the coefficients into input locations, is called only on the first execution following program compilation.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-22 04: P35 Z=X-Y 01: 10 X Loc UT us 02: 9 Y Loc Uo 03: 8 Z Loc [:U ] 05: P54 Block Move 01: 5 No. of Values 02: 20 First Source Loc Y4 DUMMY 03: 1 Source .
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-23 26: P End Table 1 * 3 Table 3 Subroutines 01: P85 Beginning of Subroutine 01: 1 Subroutine Number 02: P30 Z=F 01: 5.8603 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 9 Z Loc [:Uo ] 03: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 24 Z Loc [:Y0 DUMMY ] 04: P30 Z=F 01: -3970.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-24 23: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 40 Z Loc [:SCRATCH 1] 24: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 41 Z Loc [:SCRATCH 2] 25: P30 Z=F 01: 0.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-25 converts the readings to engineering units. Temperature ( ° C), pressure (psi), and signature are stored in Locations 17, 18, and 19, respectively. Instructions to output the readings to Final Storage are not included in this example.
SECTION 7. MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7-26 13: P30 Z=F 01: 21.801 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 14 Z Loc [:T3 ] 14: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 15 Z Loc [:T4 ] 15: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: .
8-1 SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES The following examples are intended to illustrate the use of Processing and Program Control Instructions, flags, dual Final Storage, and the capabilit y to direct the results of Output Processing Instructions to Input Storage.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-2 04: P54 Block Move 01: 9 No. of Values 02: 12 First Source Loc Temp i-8 03: 1 Source Step 04: 11 First Dest.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-3 Input Location Labels: 1:Rain (mm) 2:15min tot * 1 Table 1 Programs 01: 60 Sec. Execution Interval 01: P3 Pulse 01: 1 Rep 02: 1 Pulse Input Chan 03: 2 Switch Closure 04: 1 Loc [:Rain (mm)] 05: .
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-4 FIGURE 8.3-1. AM416 Wiring Diagram For Therm ocouple and Soil Moisture Block Measurements EXAMPLE PROGRAM MULTIPLEXING THERMOCOUPLES AND SOIL MOISTURE BLOCK * 1 Table 1 Programs 01: 600 Sec.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-5 13: P End Table 1 8.4 SUB 1 MINUTE OUTPUT INTERVAL SYNCHED TO REAL TIME Output can be synchronized to seconds by pressing “-” or “C” while entering the first parameter in Instruction 92.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-6 situation, it is more likely that the pulse counters would be used for 2 wind speeds.) In Program Table 1, the 2 normal pulse inputs are read and the hourly totals output to Final Storage with Instruction 72.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-7 8.6 SDM-A04 ANALOG OUTPUT MULTIPLEXER TO STRIP CHART This example illustrates the use of the SDM- A04 4 Channel Analog Output Multiplexer to output 4 analog voltages to a strip chart.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-8 09: P 103 SDM-A04 01: 4 Reps 02: 30 Address 03: 5 Loc WS output 10: P92 If time is 01: 0 minutes into a 02: 60 minute interval 03: 10 Set high Fl.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-9 14: P95 End 15: P End Table 3 8.8 USE OF 2 FINAL STORAGE AREAS - SAVING DATA PRIOR TO EVENT One of the uses of 2 Final Storage Areas is to save a fixed amount of data before and after some event. In this example, a load cell is measured every second.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-10 17: P94 Else 18: P34 Z=X+F 01: 2 X Loc DOWN CNT 02: -1 F 03: 2 Z Loc [:DOWN CNT ] 19: P95 End 20: P End Table 1 * A Mode 10 Memory Allocation 01: 28 Input Locations 02: 64 Intermediate Locations 03: 84 Final Storage Area 2 8.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-11 01: 1 Call Subroutine 1 10: P95 End Loop 4, Output every 2 minutes for 200 minutes 11: P87 Beginning of Loop 01: 12 Delay 02: 100 Loop Count.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-12 12: P86 Do 01: 1 Call Subroutine 1 13: P95 End Loop 5, Output every 5 minutes for 700 minutes 14: P87 Beginning of Loop 01: 30 Delay 02: 140 Loo.
SECTION 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8-13 This is a blank page..
9-1 SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS TABLE 9-1. Input Voltage Ranges and Codes Range Code Full Scale Range Resolution* Slow Fast 60 Hz 50 Hz 2.72ms 250µs Reject Reject Integ. Integ. 1 1 12 13 1 ± 2.5 mV 0.33 µV 2 1 22 23 2 ± 7.5 mV 1. µV 3 1 32 33 3 ± 25 mV 3.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-2 maximum input voltage is +20 volts. A problem, however, arises when the pulse is actually a low frequency signal (below about 10 Hz) and the positive vo ltage excursion exceeds 5.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-3 is dependent upon the sampling interval (e.g., speed, RPM), the value from the excessive interval should be discarded. If the value is discarded the value in the RAM buffer from the previous measurement will be used.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-4 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Repetitions 02: 2 Range Code (Table 9- 1) 03: 2 Single-ended channel number 04: 2 Excitation channel number 05: 4 Exc.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-5 is specified, the inputs for the differential measurement are not switched for a second integration as is normally the case. With the 0 delay, Instruction 8 does not have as good resolution or common mode rejection as other differential measurements.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-6 Thermistor Probe, makes a fast, single-ended voltage measurement across a resistor in series with the thermistor, and calculates the temperature in °C with a polynomial. A 1 before the excitation channel number (1X) causes the channel to be incremented with each repetition.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-7 to the calculated reference voltage, then c onverts the voltage to temperature in °C..
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-8 TABLE 9-3. Thermocouple Type Codes Code Thermocouple Type X1 T (copper - constantan) X = 0 N ormal Measurement X2 E (chromel - constantan) X = 8 TC input from A5B40 isolation X3 K (chromel - alumel) (uses 5 V range) X4 J (iron - constantan) X = 9 Output -99999 if out of common mode range (Inst.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-9 is +0.006° at -200°C and -0.006° at +850°C. The input must be the ratio Rs/Ro, where Rs is the RTD resistance and Ro the resistance of the RTD at 0°C (Sections 7.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-10 Pulse duration, initiated by a program control instruction, can be set for each control port (Table 12-2). Instruction 20 does not pulse the port, it only sets the duration. If Instruction 20 is not used to set the duration, the pulse command will result in a 10 ms pulse.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-11 When triggering on options 0 or 2, the measurement on the first specified channel (Parameter 3) is compared to the limit specified in Parameter 8. The user's multiplier and offset are not applied before the comparison: the limit must be entered in units of millivolts.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-12 general purpose data reduction program also contained in PC208. If SPLIT is not available for converting the raw A/D, the following A/D format information is provided for decoding purposes. At the start of the series of measurements, the CR10 makes a self-calibration measurement.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-13 03: 2 Single-ended or differential channel for first analog measurements 04: 4 Option, 4 digit code ABCD A Trigger 0 - Trigger on 1st analog channel 1 - Digit.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-14 NOTE : Voltages in excess of 5.5 volts applied to a control port can cause the CR10 to malfunction..
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-15 PARAM. DATA NUM. TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 4 MASK (0-255) 02: 4 INPUT LOCATION TO STORE RESULT Input locations altered: 1 *** 26 TIMER *** FUNCTION This instruction will reset a timer or store the elapsed time registered by the timer in seconds in an Input Storage location.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-16 of the measurement. An AVW1 or AVW4 Vibrating Wire Interface is usually required for these sensors. PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Repetitions Hit .
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-17 If more channels are requested than exist in one module, the datalogger automatically increments the address and continues to the next SW8A. The address settings for multiple SW8A's must sequentially increase.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-18 of each of the 16 control ports. Up to 16 SDM- CD16AC's may be addressed, making it possible to control a maximum of 256 ports from the first three datalogger control ports.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-19 altered. Sequential locations will contain values from previous measurements. TRANSPARENT MODE The SDI-12 transparent mode is used to communicate directly with a SDI-12 sensor. A common application of the transparent mode is to verify proper SDI-12 sensor operation.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-20 data line became active. If this occurs the sensor CR10 will not respond to the SDI-12 recorder. Most instructions execute fast enough that when Instruction 106 misses the initial SDI- 12 address, a subsequent retry by the recorder will work.
SECTION 9. INPUT/OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9-21 PARAMETER 3. LOCATION This parameter determines the starting input location for the 'n' values to be returned to the recorder.
10-1 SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS To facilitate cross referencing, parameter descriptions are keyed [ ] to the values given on the PROMPT SHEET.
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-2 *** 36 X * Y *** FUNCTION Multiply X by Y and place the result in an input location (Z). PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 4 Input location of X [X] 02: 4 Input location of Y [Y] 03: 4 Dest.
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-3 *** 43 ABS(X) *** FUNCTION Take the absolute (ABS) value of X and place the result in an input location. PARAM.
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-4 Parameter 3 cannot be entered as an indexed location within a loop (Instruction 87). To use Instruction 49 within a loop, enter Parameter 3 as a fixed location and follow 49 with the Instruction 31 (Move Data).
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-5 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 4 Number of values to move 02: 4 1st source location 03: 2 Step of source 04: 4 1st destination location 05: 2 Step of .
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-6 Although the algorithm requires an air pressure entry, the daily fluctuations are small enough that for most applications a fixed entry of the standard pressure at the site elevation will suffice. If a pressure sensor is employed, the current pressure can be used.
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-7 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 4 Source input location 02: 4 Dest. input location Input locations altered: 1 *** 63 PARAMETER EXTENSION *** Instruction 63 is used immediately following Instructions 97 or 98 to allow the entry of a variable number of parameters.
SECTION 10. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10-8 Example: The 14 coefficients shown below are for Paroscientific "T" Series transducer Serial Number 30135. Your coefficients will be different. Coeff. Value Entry U 0 5.860253 5.8603 Y 1 -3970.348 -3970.
11-1 SECTION 1 1. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS *** 69 WIND VECTOR *** FUNCTION Instruction 69 processes the primary variables of wind speed and direction from either polar (wind speed and direction) or orthogonal (fixed East and North propellers) sensors.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-2 In an example where the scan rate is 1 second and the Output Flag is set every 60 minutes, the standard deviation is calculated from all 3600 scans when the sub-interval is 0.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-3 where Ux=( Σ sin Θ i )/N Uy=( Σ cos Θ i )/N or, in the case of orthogonal sensors Ux=( Σ (Ue i /U i ))/N Uy=( Σ (Un i /U i ))/N where U i =(Ue i 2 +Un i 2 ) 1/2 Standard deviation of wind direction, σ ( Θ 1) , using Yamartino algorithm: σ ( Θ 1)=arc sin( ε )[1+0.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-4 *** 71 AVERAGE *** FUNCTION This instruction stores the average value over the given output interval for each input location specified. PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Repetitions 02: 4 Starting input location no.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-5 values are the contributions of the sub-ranges to the overall weighted value. To obtain the average of the weighted values that occurred while the bin s.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-6 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Repetitions 02: 4 Number of bins 03: 2 Form code (0=open form, 1=closed form) 04: 4 Bin select value input location no.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-7 Code Result xxx1 SECONDS (with resolution of 0.125 sec.) xx1x HOUR-MINUTE xx2x HOUR-MINUTE, 2400 instead of 0000 x1xx JULIAN DAY x2xx JULIAN DAY, prev ious day during first minute of new day 1xxx YEAR Any combination of Year, Day, HR-MIN, and seconds is possible (e.
SECTION 11. OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11-8 01: 2 Repetitions 02: 4 Starting input location no. Outputs Generated: 1 for each repetition This is a blank page.
12-1 SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS TABLE 12-1. Flag Description Flag 0 Output Flag Flag 1 to 8 U ser Flags Flag 9 Intermediate Processing Disable Flag TABLE 12-2.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-2 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Subroutine number (1-9, 79-99) *** 86 DO *** FUNCTION This Instruction unconditionally executes the specified command.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-3 Note that if the Output Flag is set prior to entering the loop in the above example, 10 values will be output. The first will be the average of all the readings in locations 1-10 since the previous output.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-4 c) End loop with Instruction 95. d) Use the If Time Instruction (#92) to set the Output Flag every hour. e) Use the Average Instruction (#71) with 5 repetitions starting at input location 21 to average the vapor pressure over the hour.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-5 TABLE 12-4. Example: Loop w ith Delay * 1 Table 1 Programs 01: 10 Sec. Execution Interval 01: P87 Beginning of Loop 01: 6 Delay 02: 0 Loop Count 11: P86 D.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-6 PARAM. DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01: 2 Increment for the loop index counter *** 91 IF FLAG / PORT *** FUNCTION This Instruction checks the status of one of the ten Flags or one of the eight ports and conditionally performs the specified Command.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-7 else 04: P83 If Case Location < F 01: 77.3 F 02: 30 Then Do 05: P30 Z=F 01: 0 F 02: 0 Exponent of 10 03: 25 Z Loc : 06: P95 End Then Do 07: P95 End of .
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-8 The source of data is the currently active Final Storage Area set by Instruction 80 (default = 0 or 1). NOTE: All memory pointers are positioned 8to the DSP location when the datalogger compiles a program.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-9 which the alarm call is initiated. The randomized retry time is divided by the execution interval to determine how many times Instruction 97 must be executed before it calls again. The Instruction must be executed each time the table is.
SECTION 12. PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12-10 01: 2 1x Addressed Print Device 4x Pin-enabled Print Device x is baud rate code.
13-1 SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13.1 FAST AND SLOW MEASUREMENT SEQUENCE The CR10 makes voltage measurements by integrating the input signal for a fixed time and then holding the integrated value for the analog to digital (A/D) conversion.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-2 FIGURE 13.2-1. Timing of Single-Ended Measurement 13.2 SINGLE-ENDED AND DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE MEASUREMENTS NOTE: The channel numbering on the old silver CR10 wiring panel refers to differential channels. Either the high or low side of a differential channel can be used for single-ended measurements.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-3 In order to make a differential measurement, the inputs must be within the CR10 common mode range of ± 2.5 V. The common mode range is the voltage range, relative to CR10 ground, within which both inputs of a differential measurement must lie in order for the differential measurement to be made.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-4 discussed for minimizing input settling error when long leads are mandatory. FIGURE 13.3-1. Input Voltage Rise and Transient Decay 13.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-5 Before proceeding with examples of the effect of long lead lengths on the measurement, a discussion on obtaining the source resistance, R o , and lead capacitance, C w L, is necessary. FIGURE 13.3-2. Typical Resistiv e Half Bridge FIGURE 13.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-6 FIGURE 13.3-4. Wire Manufactur ers Capacitance Specifications, C w TABLE 13.3-2. Properties of Three Belden Lead Wires Used by Campbell Scientific Belden Rl C w Wire # Conductors Insulation AWG (ohms/1000ft.) (pfd/ft.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-7 FIGURE 13.3-6. Resistive Half Bri dge Connected to Single-Ended CR10 Input R o , the source resistance, is not constant because R b varies from 0 to 10 kohms over the 0 to 360 degree wind direction range.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-8 TABLE 13.3-4. Measured Peak Excitation Transients for 1000 Foot Lengths of Three Belden Lead Wires Used by Campbell Scientific -----------------------V eo (mV) -----.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-9 TABLE 13.3-5. Summary of Input Settling Data For Campbell Scientific Resistive Sensors Sensor Belden Ro Cw τ * Input Model # Wire # (kohms) (pfd/ft.) (us) Range(mV) V x (mV) V eo (mV)** 107 8641 1 42 45 7.5 2000 50 207(RH) 8771 1 41 44 250 1500 85 WVU-7 8723 1 62 65 7.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-10 source resistance at point P (column 5) is essentially the same as the input source resistance of configuration A. Moving R f' out to the thermistor as shown in Figure 13.3-7C optimizes the signal settling time because it becomes a function of R f and C w only.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-11 FIGURE 13.3-7. Half Bridge Configurat ion for YSI #44032 Thermistor Connected to CR10 Show ing: A) large source resistance, B) large source resistance at point P, a.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-12 FIGURE 13.3-8. Measuring Input Settling Error w ith the CR10 FIGURE 13.3-9. Incorrect Lead Wire Extension on Model 107 Temperature Sensor 13.4 THERMOCOUPLE MEASUREMENTS A thermocouple consists of two wires, each of a different metal or alloy, which are joined together at each end.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-13 13.4.1 ERROR ANALYSIS The error in the measurement of a thermocouple temperature is the sum of the errors in the reference junction temperature, the thermocouple ou.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-14 FIGURE 13.4-1. Thermistor Polynomial Error When both junctions of a thermocouple are at the same temperature, there is no voltage produced (law of intermediate metals).
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-15 temperature due to the voltage measurements is a few hundredths of a degree. THERMOCOUPLE POLYNOMIALS - Voltage to Temperature Conv ersion NBS Monograph 125 gives high order polynomials for computing the output voltage of a given thermocouple type over a broad range of temperatures.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-16 indicating 25.3 ° C, and the terminal that the thermocouple is connected to is 0.3 ° C cooler than the RTD. TABLE 13.4-4. Example of Errors in Thermocouple Temperature Source Error ° C % of Total Error 1 ° C 1% Slope Error Error Reference Temp.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-17 FIGURE 13.4-2. Diagram of Junction Box Radiation shielding must be provided when a junction box is installed in the field. Care must also be taken that a thermal gradient is not induced by conduction through the incoming wires.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-18 FIGURE 13.5-1. Circuits Used w ith Instructions 4-9.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-19 FIGURE 13.5-2. Excitation and Measure ment Sequence for 4 Wire Full Bridge TABLE 13.5-1. Comparison of Bridge Measurement Instructions Instr. # C ircuit Description 4 DC Half Bridge The delay parameter allows the user entered settling time com- pensate for capacitance in long lead lengths.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-20 Calculating the actual resistance of a sensor which is one of the legs of a resistive bridge usually requires the use of one or two Processing Instructions in addition to the bridge measurement instruction.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-21 R f = R s /X 7 or 9 1/R s 0 42 13.6 RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS REQUIRING AC EXCITATION Some resistive sensors require AC excitation. These include the 207 Relative Humidity Probe, soil moisture blocks, water conductivity sensors, and wetness sensing grids.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-22 FIGURE 13.6-2. Model of Resistive Sensor with Ground Loop In Figure 13.6-2, V x is the excitation voltage, R f is a fixed resistor, R s is the sensor resistance, and R G is the resistance between the excited electrode and CR10 earth ground.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-23 seconds). If the processing time exceeds the execution interval the CR10 finishes processing the table and awaits the next occurrence of the execution interval before initiating the table. At the fastest execution in terval of 1/64 (0.
SECTION 13. CR10 MEASUREMENTS 13-24 This is a blank page..
14-1 SECTION 14. INST ALLA TION AND MAINTENANCE 14.1 PROTECTION FROM THE ENVIRONMENT The normal environmental variables of concern are temperature and moisture. The standard CR10 is designed to operate reliably from -25 to +50 ° C (-55 ° to +85 ° C, optional).
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-2 System operating time for the batteries can be determined by dividing the battery capacity (amp-hours) by the average system current drain.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-3 monitor battery voltage. Replace the alkaline cells before the CR10 battery voltage drops below 9.6 V..
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-4 FIGURE 14.3-1. PS12 12 Volt Pow er Supply and Charging Regulator TABLE 14.3-1. Typical Alkaline Battery Service and Temperature Temperature (°C) % of 20.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-5 charging source is interrupted. The PS12LA specifications are given in Table 14.3-2. The two leads from the charging source can be inserted into either of the CHG ports, polarity doesn't matter. A transzorb provides transient protection to the charging circuit.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-6 TABLE 14.3-2. PS12LA Battery and AC Transformer Specifications Lead Acid Battery Battery Type Yuasa NA 7-12 Float Life @ 25 ° C 5 years typical Capacity 7.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-7 14.4 SOLAR PANELS Auxiliary photovoltaic power sources may be used to maintain charge on lead acid batteries.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-8 14.7 GROUNDING 14.7.1 PROTECTION FROM LIGHTNING Primary lightning strikes are those where lightning hits the datalogger or sensors directly. Secondary strikes occur when the lightning strikes somewhere near the system and induces a voltage in the wires.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-9 In the field, an earth ground may be created through a grounding rod. A 12 AWG or larger wire should be run between a Wiring Panel power ground (G) terminal and the earth ground.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-10 Scientific offers the A21REL-12 Four Channel Relay Driver (12 V coil) and the A6REL-12 Six Channel Relay Driver with manual override (12 V coil) for use with the CR10. In other applications it may be desirable to simply switch power to a device without going through a relay.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-11 14.11 MAINTENANCE The CR10 Wiring Panel and power supplies require a minimum of routine maintenance. When not in use, the PS12LA should be stored in a cool, dry environment with the AC charging circuit activated.
SECTION 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14-12 This is a blank page..
A-1 APPENDIX A. GLOSSAR Y ASCII: Abbreviation for American Standard Code for Information Interchange (pronounced "askee"). A specific binary code of 128 characters represented by 7 bit binary numbers. ASYNCHRONOUS: The transmission of data between a transmitting and a receiving device occurs as a series of zeros and ones.
APPENDIX A. GLOSSARY A-2 normally remains constant, to be incremented with each repetition. INPUT STORAGE: That portion of memory allocated for the storage of results of Input and Processing Instructions. The values in Input Storage can be displayed and altered in the *6 Mode.
APPENDIX A. GLOSSARY A-3 and computers in a terminal mode fall in this category..
APPENDIX A. GLOSSARY A-4 PRINT PERIPHERAL: See Print Device. PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS: These Instructions allow the user to further process input data values and return the result to Input Storage where it can be accessed for output processing. Arithmetic and transcendental functions are included in these Instructions.
APPENDIX A. GLOSSARY A-5 This is a blank page..
B-1 APPENDIX B. CR10 PROM SIGNA TURE AND OPTIONAL SOFTW ARE B.1 PROM SIGNATURE AND VERSION The CR10 PROM signature is viewed by entering the *B Mode and advancing to window 2 (Section 1.6). The version number is in window 6 and the revision number in window 7.
APPENDIX B. CR10 PROM SIGNATURE AND OPTIONAL SOFTWARE B-2 CR10 PROM contains one of the following options then detailed information on the special option(s) will be placed in Appendix H.
C-1 APPENDIX C. BINAR Y TELECOMMUNICA TIONS C.1 TELECOMMUNICATIONS COMMAND WITH BINARY RESPONSES Command Description [no. of loc.] F BINARY DUMP - CR10 sends, in Final Storage Format (binary, the number of Final Storage locations specified (from current MPTR locations), then Signature (no prompt).
APPENDIX C. BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C-2 User Datalogger Enters Echo KK CR CR LF Time Minutes byte 1 Time Minutes byte 2 Time Tenths byte 1 Time Tenths byte 2 Flags byte Ports byte (if requested) Dat.
APPENDIX C. BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C-3 As an example of a negative value, the datalogger returns BF 82 0C 49 HEX. Data byte 1 = BF HEX. Data byte 2 to 4 = 82 0C 49 HEX (or 8522825 decimal). Data byte 1 is converted to binary to find the Sign. BF HEX = 10111111 BINARY.
APPENDIX C. BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C-4 Representing the bits in the first byte of each two byte pair as ABCD EFGH (A is the most significant bit, MSB), the byte pairs are described here. LO RESOLUTION FORMAT - D,E,F, NOT ALL ONES Bits Description A Polarity, 0 = +, 1 = -.
APPENDIX C. BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C-5 CSI defines the largest allowable range of a high resolution number to be 99999. Interpretation of the decimal locator for a 4 byte data value is given below. The decimal equivalent of bits GH is the negative exponent to the base 10.
APPENDIX C. BINARY TELECOMMUNICATIONS C-6 This is a blank page..
D-1 APPENDIX D. CR10 37 PIN PORT DESCRIPTION PIN # DESCRIPTION 1 12V 26 L 3A G 45 H 54 L 6A G 73 H 82 L 9A G 10 1H 11 EX CTRL 3 12 EX CTRL 2 13 EX CTRL 1 14 AG 15 P1 16 C7 17 C5 18 C3 PIN # DESCRIPTIO.
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E-1 APPENDIX E. ASCII T ABLE American Standard Code for Information Interchange Decimal Values and Characters (X3.4-1968) Dec. Char. Dec. Char. Dec. Char.
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G-1 APPENDIX G . CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS The CR10 has two sockets for Random Access Memory (RAM) and one socket for Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM). The standard CR10 has 64K of RAM, (a 32K RAM chip in each socket). Earlier CR10s had 16K of RAM (an 8K RAM chip in each socket).
APPENDIX G. CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS G-2 FIGURE G-1. Disassembling CR10.
APPENDIX G. CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS G-3 FIGURE G-2. Jumper Settings for Different RAM Configurations in Early CR10s.
APPENDIX G. CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS G-4 FIGURE G-3. Jumper Settings and Locations.
APPENDIX G. CHANGING RAM OR PROM CHIPS G-5 This is a blank page..
LT-1 LIST OF TABLES PAGE OVERVIEW OV4.1-1 * M ode Summa ry .......................................................................................................... .... OV-10 OV4.2-1 Key Definition/ Editing Func tions ...............................
LIST OF TABLES LT-2 PAGE 5. TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5.1-1 Telecommunica tions Comm ands .......................................................................................... 5-3 6. 9 PIN SERIAL INPUT/OUTPUT 6.1-1 Pin De sc ription ....................
LIST OF TABLES LT-3 PAGE 14. INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14.2-1 Typical Current Drain fo r Common CR10 Pe ripherals ........................................................ 14-1 14.3-1 Typical Alkaline Battery Service and Tem perature ...............
LIST OF TABLES LT-4 This is a blank page..
LF-1 LIST OF FIGURES PAGE OVERVIEW OV1.1-1 CR10 and Wiring Panel ................................................................................................... ... OV-2 OV1.1-2 CR10 Wiring Panel/In struction A ccess ..............................
LIST OF FIGURES LF-2 PAGE 8. PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8.3-1 AM416 Wiring Diagram for Thermocouple and Soil Moisture Blo ck Measurem ents ............ 8-4 8.5-1 Connections fo r Rain Gage..................................................
I-1 CR10 INDEX * Modes, See Modes 1/X - [Instruction 42] 10-2 107 Thermistor Probe - [Instruction 11] 9-5 Programming examples 7-3 CR10TCR Thermocouple Reference 7-3 12V terminals OV-3 , OV-4 100 ohm .
CR10 INDEX I-2 Effect of lead length on signal settling time 13-3 Tipping bucket rain gage with long leads 7-6 Calibration - [Instruction 24] 9-12 Process 13-22 Cassette recorder 4-4 Cautionary notes .
CR10 INDEX I-3 DSP 2-1 DSR (Data Set Ready) 6-6 DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) pin configuration 6-6 Duplex, Definition 6-7 E Earth Ground OV-4 , 14-6 Editing datalogger programs OV-15 Editor errors 3-.
CR10 INDEX I-4 If X Compared to Y - [Instruction 88] 12-4 Increment Input Location - [Instruction 32] 10-1 Indexed Input Location, Definition A-1 Indexing Input Locations and ports 3-1 , A-1 Indirect .
CR10 INDEX I-5 *2, Program Table 2 1-1 *3, Program Table 3 1-1 *5 - Set/Display Clock 1-2 *6 - Display/Alter Memory and Ports 1-3 *7 - Display Stored Data on Keyboard/Display 2-3 *8 Manually initiated.
CR10 INDEX I-6 Output formats 4-6 Save/Load programs (*D Mode) 1-9 Printer Pointer (PPTR) 2-2 Processing Instructions 10-1 Definition OV-6 , A-3 Memory and execution times 3-7 Program Control Flags 3-.
CR10 INDEX I-7 SC90 Serial Line Monitor 4-7 SC92/93 for writing to tape, Don't use 4-4 SC92A/93A 4-4 Scaling Array with Multiplier & Offset - [Instruction 53] 10-4 Programming example 8-7 SDC.
CR10 INDEX I-8 Tape Pointer (TPTR) 2-2 Tape recorder Connecting to CR10 4-4 Data format for 4-5 Dump data (*8 Mode) 4-3 Interrupts during transfer 6-3 Manually initiated data transfer (*8 Mode) 4-3 On.
CR10 INDEX I-9 Y YSI 44032 Thermistor source resistance and signal levels 13-10 , 13-11 Z Z = 1/X - [Instruction 42] 10-2 Z = ABS(X) - [Instruction 43] 10-3 Z = EXP(X) - [Instruction 41] 10-2 Z = F - .
CR10 INDEX I-10 This is a blank page..
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Campbell Measurement and Control Module CR10 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
