Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto NWD2105 del fabbricante ZyXEL
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www .zyxel.com www .zyxel.com NWD2105 Wireless N-lite USB Adapter Copyright © 2010 ZyXEL Communications Corporation Ve r s i o n 1 . 0 Edition 1, 05/2010.
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About This User's Guide NWD2105 User’s Guide 3 About This User's Guide Intended Audience This manual is intended for people wh o want to configure the NWD2105 using the Z yXEL utility .
About This User's Guide NWD2105 User’s Guide 4 Thank you! The T echnical W riting T eam, ZyXEL Communications Corp. , 6 Innovat ion Road II, Science-Based Industrial P ark, Hsinchu, 30099, T aiwan. Need More Help? More help is av ailable at www.
Document Conventions NWD2105 User’s Guide 5 Document Conventions W arnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’ s Guide.
Document Conventions NWD2105 User’s Guide 6 Icons Used in Figures Figures in this User’s Guide ma y use the following generic icons. Wireless Access Point Computer Notebook computer Server Modem T.
Safety Warnings NWD2105 User’s Guide 7 Safety Warnings • Do NO T use this product near water , for exam ple, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. • Do NO T expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. • Do NO T store things on the device.
Safety Warnings NWD2105 User’s Guide 8.
Contents Overview NWD2105 User’s Guide 9 Contents Overview Introduction and Configuration .................................................... ........................................ 17 Getting S tarted ................ ............. ..............
Contents Overview NWD2105 User’s Guide 10.
Table of Contents NWD2105 User’s Guide 11 Table of Contents About This User's Guide ................................................................ ........................................ .. 3 Document Conventions.............................
Table of Contents NWD2105 User’s Guide 12 3.1.1 What Y ou Can Do in This Chapter ...... ... ................ ............. ................ ............. .......... 33 3.1.2 What Y ou Need to Know ........... ............. ................ .........
NWD2105 User’s Guide 13 C HAPTER 1 Getting Started 1.1 Overview The Z yXEL NWD2105 Wireless N-lit e USB Adapter brings you a bet ter Internet experience over existing IEEE 802.11 b/g/n networks. With data r ates of up to 150 Mbps, you can enjoy a b reathtaking high-speed connection at home or in the office.
Chapter 1 Getting Star ted NWD2105 User’s Guide 14 1.2 Features Y our NWD2105 is an IEEE 802.11n draft 2. 0 compl iant wireless LAN adapter . It can also connect to IEEE 802.11b/g wire less networks. The NWD2105 i s WPS (Wi- Fi Protected Setup) compliant.
Chapter 1 Getting Started NWD2105 User’s Guide 15 1.3 Hardware Inst allation This sections shows y ou how to install y our NWD2105. 1 Locate an av ailable USB port on the computer . 2 Remo ve the protectiv e cap to expose the USB connector . Insert the NWD2105 into an av ailable USB port on the computer .
Chapter 1 Getting Star ted NWD2105 User’s Guide 16 1.4.2 Inst alling the ZyXEL Utility T o install the Z yXEL Utility: 1 Make sure the NWD2105 is disconnected from y our computer before you begin the installation process. 2 Open the ZyXEL_USB.dmg file on the included disc.
Chapter 1 Getting Started NWD2105 User’s Guide 17 4 Double-click the USBWireless-Leopard.pkg to run the installation prog ram. When it opens, follow th e on-screen instructions. 5 After installing the Z yXEL Utility and device driv er , you must restart your computer .
Chapter 1 Getting Star ted NWD2105 User’s Guide 18 1.4.2.1 Uninst alling the ZyXEL Utility While you c an drag the Z yXEL Utility from your Applications folder direct ly to the Trash and remove it that way , the best and safest course of action is to run the uninstallation progr am bundled on the included disc.
Chapter 1 Getting Started NWD2105 User’s Guide 19 1.5 Device Applications This section describes some network appl icat ions for the NWD2105. Y ou can either set the network type to Infrastructure and connect to an AP or use Ad-Hoc mode and connect to a peer computer (ano ther wireless devi ce in Ad-Hoc mode).
Chapter 1 Getting Star ted NWD2105 User’s Guide 20 Ad-Hoc T o set up a small independent wire less workgroup without an AP , use Ad-Hoc . Ad-Hoc does not require an AP or a wired ne twork. T wo or more wireless client s communicate directly with each other .
NWD2105 User’s Guide 21 C HAPTER 2 Wireless LANs 2.1 Overview This section provi des background inform ation on wireless Loca l Area Network s. 2.1.1 What Y ou Can Do in This Section • Connect securely to an AP using ma ny of the strongest and most common encryption protocols.
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 22 Encryption The process of taking data and encoding it, usually using a mathematical formula, so that it becomes unreada ble unl ess dec rypted with th e proper code or pass phrase.
Chapter 2 Wirel ess LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 23 • If two wireless networks overl ap, th ey should use a different channel. Like radio stations or television channels , each wireless net work uses a specific channel, or frequency , to send and receive information.
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 24 • Automatic WEP k ey generation based on a “password phr ase” called a passphr ase. The passphrase i s case sensitiv e. Y ou must use the same passphrase for all WLAN adapters wi th this fe ature in the sa me WLAN .
Chapter 2 Wirel ess LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 25 For EAP- TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connec tion to the network and obtai n the certificate (s) from a certificate authorit y (CA).
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 26 Depending on the de vices you have, you can either press a button (on the device itself , or in its configuration utility) or en ter a PIN (a unique P ersonal Identification Number that allows one device to authen ticate the other) in each of the tw o devices.
Chapter 2 Wirel ess LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 27 When you use the PIN method, you must en ter the PIN from on e device (usually the wireless client) into the second devi ce (usually the Access P oint or wireless router). Then, when WPS is activ ated on th e first de vice, it p resents it s PIN to th e second device.
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 28 The following figure shows a WPS-enab led wi reless c lient (ins talled in a note book computer) connecting to the WPS- enabled AP via the PIN method. Figure 5 Example WPS Process: PIN Method 2.4.3 How WPS W orks When two WPS-enabled devices connect, each device must assume a specific role.
Chapter 2 Wirel ess LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 29 already part of a network, it sends the existing information. If not , it generates the SSID and WP A(2)-PSK randomly . The following figure sh ows a WPS-enable d client (installed in a notebook computer) connecting to a WPS-enabled access point.
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 30 subsequent WPS connections in which it is involv ed. If you want a configured AP to act as an enrollee, y ou must reset it to its f actory defaults. 2.4.3.1 Example WPS Network Setup This section shows how security settings are distri buted in an example WPS setup.
Chapter 2 Wirel ess LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 31 In step 3, you add anot her access point ( AP2 ) to your network. AP2 is out of ran g e of AP1 , so you cannot use AP1 for the WPS handshake with the new access point. However , you know that Client 2 supports the registrar function, so you use it to perform the WPS handshak e instead.
Chapter 2 Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 32 • WPS works only with ot her WPS- enabled devices. However , you can still add non- WPS devices to a network yo u already set up using WPS. WPS works by automatically issuing a r andomly-gener ated WPA -PSK or WPA2- PSK pre-shared key from the registr ar de vice to the enrollee d evices.
NWD2105 User’s Guide 33 C HAPTER 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X 3.1 Overview This chapter shows you how t o use the Z yXEL utility to configure your NWD2105 using the Macintosh operating system, Mac OS X. 3.1.1 What Y ou Can Do in This Chapter •T h e Profile screen ( Section 3.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 34 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WP A) The WP A protocol affords users with vastly stronger securit y than WEP . It comes in two different varieties: WPA and WP A2. Alwa ys try to use WPA2 as it implements the full version of the security st andard and W PA does not.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 35 3.3 The Profile Screen This screen allows you t o configure and manage wireless profiles. Figure 1 1 ZyXEL Utility: Profile Site Survey Use.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 36 The following table describes t he labels in this screen. T able 4 ZyXEL Utility: Profile LABEL DESCRIPTION This icon indicates the currently active profile. Profile This is the name of the pre-configured profile.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 37 3.4 The Profile - System Configuration Screen This screen allows you t o configure system and network setting s for your NWD2105. Figure 12 ZyXEL Utility: Pro file - System Configuration The following table describes t he labels in this screen.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 38 3.5 The Profile - Authentication and Security Screen This screen allows you to configur e security settings on y our NWD2105. Figure 13 ZyXEL Utility: Pro file - Authentication and Security Channel In ad-hoc mode, choose the radio channel to use for the wireless network.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 39 The following table describes t he labels in this screen. T able 6 ZyXEL Utility: Profile - Authentication an d Security LABEL DESCRIPTION Authentication Ty p e Select the security standard you want to use.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 40 3.6 The Link S t atus Screen This screen allows you t o view the stat us of the NWD2105’ s wireless connection with an AP or peer computer . Figure 14 ZyXEL Utility: Link S tatus The following table describes t he labels in this screen.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 41 3.7 The Site Survey Screen This screen allows you to view a vailable networks and connect to a network. Figure 15 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey Signal Strength 1 This shows the strength of the antenna’ s signal.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 42 The following table describes t he labels in this screen. T able 8 ZyXEL Utility: Site Surve y LABEL DESCRIPTION This indicates a connection to the associated AP . SSID This displays the network’ s Service Set IDentifier .
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 43 3.8 The S t atistics Screen This screen allows you to view statisti cs on network tr affic between the NWD2105 and the associat ed AP or peer com puter . This scre en is primarily for troubleshooting purposes.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 44 Frames F ailed to Rec e i v e A C K After All Ret r i e s This displays the number of fr ames transmitted by the NWD2105 that did not receive an acknowledgement response from the other wireless device.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 45 3.9 The Advanced Screen This screen allows y ou to configure adva nced network sett ings on your NWD2105. Figure 17 ZyXEL Utility: Ad vanced The following table describes t he labels in this screen.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 46 3.10 The WPS Screen This screen allows you t o configure the NWD2105’ s Wi-Fi Protected Security (WPS). Figure 18 ZyXEL Utility: WPS The following table describes t he labels in this screen.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 47 Profile This field indicates the profile name. Profiles created on the fly are named Profile# where # is a number . For examp le, Profile1. SSID This field indicates your profile’s unique S SID.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 48 3.10.1 The Information Screen While in the WPS screen, y ou can view information about any AP in the WPS AP List . Click the Info rmation button. The following screen displays. Figure 19 ZyXEL Utility: WPS - Information PBC Click this button to make a PBC -base d WPS connection.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 49 The following table describes t he labels in this screen. 3.10.2 The Profile Det ails Screen While in the WPS screen, y ou can view information about any profile in the WPS Profile List . Click the Profile Details button.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 50 The following table describes t he labels in this screen. T able 13 Mac OS X: WPS - Profile Details LABEL DESCRIPTION SSID This field indicates the automatically generated S SID used for your current WPS session.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 51 3.1 1 The About Screen This screen shows you the driver , utility version, and MAC address of your NWD2105. Figure 21 ZyXEL Utility: Ab out The following table describes t he labels in this screen.
Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility - Mac OS X NWD2105 User’s Guide 52.
NWD2105 User’s Guide 53 C HAPTER 4 Troubleshooting 4.1 Overview This chapter offers some suggesti ons to solve problems you mi ght encounter . The potential problems are divided into the following categories .
Chapter 4 Troub leshooting NWD2105 User’s Guide 54 4 If the problem continues, contac t the vendor . 4.3 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility I cannot access t he ZyXEL Utility 1 Make sure the NWD2105 is properly inserted and the LEDs are on. 2 Install the NWD2105 on another computer .
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting NWD2105 User’s Guide 55 4.5 Problems Communicating with Other Computers The computer with the NWD2105 install ed cannot communicat e with the other computer(s). In Infr astructure Mode • Make sure that the AP and the associat ed computers are turned on and working properly .
Chapter 4 Troub leshooting NWD2105 User’s Guide 56.
NWD2105 User’s Guide 57 C HAPTER 5 Product Specifications T able 15 Product Specifications PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL Product Name NWD2105 Wireless N-lite USB Adapter Interface USB 2.0 Standards IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g IEEE 802.11n Operating Frequency 2.
Chapter 5 Produ ct Specifications NWD2105 User’s Guide 58 Tr a n s m i t P o w e r (+/- 1.5 dB) 802.11b: 1/2/5.5/11M: 18.5 dBm 802.11g: 54/48M: 15dBm 24/36M: 15dBm 12/18M: 16dBm 6/9M: 16.5 dBm 802.11n: @ HT20 MCS0~MCS07: 15.5 dBm @ HT40 MCS0~MCS07: 15.
Chapter 5 Product Sp ecifications NWD2105 User’s Guide 59 Operation Channels N. America & T aiwan HT20 2.412GHz~ 2.462GHz 1-11 N. America & T aiwan HT40 2.422GHz~ 2.452GHz 3-9 Euro ETSI HT20 2.412GHz~ 2.472GHz 1-13 Euro ETSI HT40 2.422GHz~ 2.
Chapter 5 Produ ct Specifications NWD2105 User’s Guide 60 Wireless QoS Wi-Fi Multi Media (WMM) Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) Push button configuration Use device's PIN Use AP or Router's PIN.
NWD2105 User’s Guide 61 A PPENDIX A W ireless LANs This appendix discusses ad-hoc and in frastructure wireless LAN topologies. Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration The simplest WLAN configur ation is an in dependent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of computers with wireless adapters (A, B , C).
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 62 BSS A Basic Service Set (BS S) exists when all communications between wireless clients or between a wireless client and a wired network client go through one access point (AP). Intra-BS S traffic is traffic between wirele ss clients in the BS S.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 63 ESS An Extended Service Set (ESS) c onsists of a series of overlapping BS Ss, each containing an access point, with each ac cess point connected together by a wired network. This wired connec tion between AP s is called a Distribution S ystem (DS).
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 64 adjacent AP is using. F or example, if yo ur region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then y ou need to select a channel between 6 or 11. RTS/CTS A hidden node occurs when two stations are within r ange of the same access point, but are not within ra nge of each other .
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 65 If the RTS/CTS v alue is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see next), then the RTS (R equest T o Send)/ CTS (Clear to Send) h andshake wi ll never occur as data frames will be fragmented be fore they reach RTS/CTS si ze.
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 66 IEEE 802.1 1g Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with th e IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an IEEE 802.11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g acc ess point (and vice versa) at 11 Mbps o r lowe r depe nding on range.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 67 Note: Y ou must enable the same wireless security settings on the NWD2105 and on all wireless clients that you want t o associate with it. IEEE 802.1x In June 2001, the IEEE 802.1x standard w a s designed to extend the features of IEEE 802.
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 68 • Access-R eject Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access. • Access- Accept Sent by a RADIUS server allo wing access. • Access-Chal lenge Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 69 EAP-MD5 (Message-Dig est Algorithm 5) MD5 authen tication is the si mplest one-way authentic ation meth od.
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 70 LEAP LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authenticati on Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802.1x. Dynamic WEP Key Exchange The AP maps a unique key that is generated with t he RADIUS server . This key expires when the wireless connection ti me s out, disconnec ts or reauthentication times out.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 71 If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server , use WPA2 for stronger data encryption.
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 72 The encryption mech anisms used for WPA(2) and WP A(2)-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is th at WPA(2)-PSK us es a simple common password, instead of user -specific credentials.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 73 2 The RADIUS server then chec ks the user's identif ication against i ts database and grants or deni es netw ork access accordingly . 3 A 256-bit P airwise Master K ey (PMK) is deri ved from the authentication process by the RADIUS server and the client.
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 74 4 The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process, the PMK and information exchanged in a handshake to create tempor al encryption keys. They use these keys to encrypt data exchanged between them.
Appendix A Wir eless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 75 Antenna Overview An antenna couples RF signals onto air . A tr ansmitter within a wireless device sends an RF signal to the antenna, whic h propagates the signal through the air . The antenna also operates in reverse by capturing RF signals from the air .
Appendix A Wireless LANs NWD2105 User’s Guide 76 • Omni-directional ante nnas send the RF sign al out in all directions on a horiz ontal plane. The cover age area is torus-sh aped (like a donut) which makes these antennas ideal for a room environment.
NWD2105 User’s Guide 77 A PPENDIX B Legal Information Copyright Copyright © 2010 by Z yXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication ma y not be reproduced in any p art or as a w.
Appendix B Legal In formation NWD2105 User’s Guide 78 This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Clas s B digital device pursuant to P art 15 of th e FCC Rules. These limi ts are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
Appendix B Legal Information NWD2105 User’s Guide 79 Industry Canada St atement This device complies with RSS-210 of the Industry Canada R ules. Oper ation is subject to the following two conditions.
Appendix B Legal In formation NWD2105 User’s Guide 80 This Class B digital appar atus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Oper ation is subject to the following two conditio ns: (1) this device may not c ause interference, and (2) this devi ce must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesi red operation of the device.
Appendix B Legal Information NWD2105 User’s Guide 81 Registration Re gister your product online t o receive e-mail notices of fi rmware upgr ades and information at www.
Appendix B Legal In formation NWD2105 User’s Guide 82.
Index NWD2105 User’s Guide 83 Index A about your Z yXEL Device 14 Access Point (AP) 22 Access point (AP) 22 Access Point. See also AP . ACT LED 14 Ad-Hoc 20 Advanced Encryption Standard 25 See AES. AES 71 antenna directional 76 gain 75 omni-directional 76 AP 63 See also access point.
Index NWD2105 User’s Guide 84 H hidden node 64 humidity 57 I IBSS 61 IEEE 802.11g 66 IEEE 802.1x 24 Independent Basic Service Set See IBSS 61 infrastructure 19 Initialization V ector (IV) 71 interfa.
Index NWD2105 User’s Guide 85 W warranty 80 note 80 weight 57 WEP 23 automatic setup 24 manual setup 24 passphrase 24 WEP (Wired Equivalent Priv acy) 23 WEP key generation 24 Wi-Fi Protected Access .
Index NWD2105 User’s Guide 86.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il ZyXEL NWD2105 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del ZyXEL NWD2105 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso ZyXEL NWD2105 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul ZyXEL NWD2105 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il ZyXEL NWD2105, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del ZyXEL NWD2105.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il ZyXEL NWD2105. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo ZyXEL NWD2105 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
