Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto CPS1610 CPS del fabbricante Avocent
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CPS8 1 0 CPS1 6 1 0 Installer/User Guide CPS.
INSTRUCTIONS This symbol is intended to alert the user to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions in the literature accompanying the appliance.
Avocent, the Avocent logo, The Power of Being There, CPS, DSView and AVWorks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Avocent Corporation. All other marks are the property of their respective owners. © 2003 Avocent Corporation. All rights reserved.
USA Notification Warning: Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
Ta b l e of Contents Chapter 1: Product Overview Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration Hardware Overview .
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Contents Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Chapter 1: Product Overview 3 Chapter 1: Product Overview Features and Benefits Overview The CPS is a serial over IP network appliance that provides non-blocked access and control for multiplatform servers and serial devices such as routers, power management devices and firewalls.
4 CPS Installer/User Guide Extensive command set The CPS offers a wide range of commands that allow administrators to easily configure, control and display information about the CPS operating environment, including its ports, user accounts and active sessions.
Chapter 1: Product Overview 5 • Circuit Ov erloading : Consideration should be giv en t o t he connec tion of the equipment t o the supply c irc uit and the effec t that ov erloading of circ uits might have on o v ercurrent prot ec tion and supply wiring.
6 CPS Installer/User Guide.
Contents Hardware Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Installing the CPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Configuring the CPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Reinitializing the CPS . . .
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Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration 9 Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration Hardware Overview Figure 2.1 shows the front panel of a CPS1610. Figure 2.1: CPS1610 Front Panel The lower left area of the front panel contains five LEDs and two buttons, which are described in the following table.
10 CPS Installer/User Guide Installing the CPS See Appendix B for device cabling information. WAR N I N G : T he p ower o ut let s hou ld b e in st all ed n ea r the e qui pm ent a nd s ho uld b e easily a ccessible.
Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration 11 Configuring the IP address and subnet mask You may use any of three methods to configure the CPS IP address and subnet mask: BootP, Telnet Command Line Interface (CLI) or the serial CLI on port 1.
12 CPS Installer/User Guide After the IP address is configured successfully, launch a Telnet session to the CPS IP address. Then, see Initial CPS login in this chapter.
Chapter 2: Installation and Configuration 13 4. Proceed to Initial C PS login in this chapt er . After you complete the CPS configuration, you may reconfigure the CLI on another port or disable it completely and use port 1 with an attached device. For more information, see Connecting to devices from the serial CLI port in Chapter 3.
14 CPS Installer/User Guide Reinitializing the CPS Reinitializing the CPS removes configured information. This may be useful when reinstalling the CPS at another location in your network. The CPS stores configuration information in FLASH databases. During reinitialization, the FLASH erase has two phases.
Contents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Configuring Serial Port Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Connecting to Serial Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Managing User Accounts . . .
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Chapter 3: Operations 17 Chapter 3: Operations Overview The CPS and its ports can be easily configured and managed to meet your requirements for device connection, user authentication, access control, power status monitoring, port history information display and SNMP compliance for use with third-party network management products.
18 CPS Installer/User Guide To confi gure serial console port settings: Issue a Port Set command. You may specify settings for one or all ports. POR T [< port >|ALL] S ET TD=CON S OLE [ N AM E=.
Chapter 3: Operations 19 Connecting to Serial Devices The CPS offers several methods for connecting to attached serial devices: Telnet, serial CLI, PPP and SSH.
20 CPS Installer/User Guide Connecting to devices using Telnet Each CPS serial port is directly addressable via a unique TCP port number that provides a connection to the attached serial device.
Chapter 3: Operations 21 Standalone third-party Telnet clients You may use third-party Telnet clients to access the CPS directly without DS management software. Connecting to devices from the serial CLI port By factory default, port 1 of the CPS is configured with the serial CLI, which prohibits the use of port 1 with an attached serial device.
22 CPS Installer/User Guide 3. T o end a device session t hat w as initiated wit h a Connect c ommand, issue a Disconnec t command. DIS CO NNEC T For more information, see Server CLI command , Connect Command and Disconnect Command in Chapter 5.
Chapter 3: Operations 23 For more information, see Show Server CLI command and Server PPP command in Chapter 5. To display PPP confi guration information: Issue a Show Server PPP command. SH O W SER V ER PPP For more information, see Show Server PPP command in Chapter 5.
24 CPS Installer/User Guide Connecting to devices using SSH The CPS supports version 2 of the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol (SSH2). The CPS SSH server operates on the standard SSH port 22. The shell for this connection provides a CLI prompt as if you had established a Telnet connection on port 23.
Chapter 3: Operations 25 SSH Authentication Methods Method Description PW (default) SS H connections will be authenticated with a username/ password. With this method, a user’s defi nition must include a valid password in order for that user to authenticate an SSH session.
26 CPS Installer/User Guide For more information, see Using Authentication Modes and Encryption in this chapter. SSH user keys A user’s SSH key is specified in a User Add or User Set command. You may define a key even if SSH is not currently enabled.
Chapter 3: Operations 27 4. If y ou are reenabling S S H, y ou are prompt ed to use t he existing S S H serv er key or genera t e a new key . Enter Y t o use the existing key or N t o generate a new key . For more information, see Server SSH command in Chapter 5.
28 CPS Installer/User Guide command may be used to override the Server CLI access character on a per-port basis. For more information, see Server CLI command and Port Set command in Chapter 5. To display CLI access character information: Issue a Show Server CLI command.
Chapter 3: Operations 29 To add a user: Issue a User Add command. USER ADD < user name > [P AS SW OR D=< pwd >] [ S S H KEY=< keyfi le >] [FT P I P=< ftpadd >] [ KEY=< sshkey >] [A CC E S S=< access >] You must specify a username.
30 CPS Installer/User Guide 2. T o display informa t ion about all users, issue a Show U ser command wit h the All parameter . SH O W US ER ALL For more information, see Show User command in Chapter 5. Access rights and levels Most CPS commands require the user to have access rights to use the commands.
Chapter 3: Operations 31 • The ADM I N lev el is equivalent to P ALL, U S ER , S MO N, PC ON and B R EAK A user’s access level can be used for preemption. For example, assume User A is connected to a port. User B tries to connect to the same port.
32 CPS Installer/User Guide Local authentication Local authentication uses the CPS unit’s internal user database to authenticate users. RADIUS authentication RADIUS authentication uses an external third-party RADIUS server containing a user database to authenticate CPS users.
Chapter 3: Operations 33 This method cannot be used when SSH connections are enabled, nor can it be combined with any other authentication method. Authentication summary The CPS allows concurrent use of multiple authentication modes.
34 CPS Installer/User Guide ENCRYPT=< encrypt > DSAUTH=< dsauth > If y ou specify D S authent ic ation, y ou must : Spec ify the I P address of a primary DS aut hentic ation serv er and optionally , t he I P address of a secondary D S aut hentic ation serv er .
Chapter 3: Operations 35 Since the CPS allows multiple connection modes to operate concurrently, you can specify multiple encryption types. For example, the following command enables connections via Telnet and via DSView SSL Telnet using Triple DES or RC4 encryption.
36 CPS Installer/User Guide A locked-out user will remain locked-out until the specified time elapses, the CPS is power-cycled or the user is unlocked by an administrator with the User Unlock command. A user with the ADMIN access level can unlock all users except a user with the APPLIANCEADMIN level.
Chapter 3: Operations 37 Port History Mode Commands Command Description B ottom B sets the view location to the bottom of the fi le minus 23 history display lines, if available. C lear C clears the port history buffer . N ext N increments the current history display line by the number of lines per page and outputs a new history display page.
38 CPS Installer/User Guide To access port history mode: Issue a Port History command. POR T HIS T OR Y The PORT HISTORY > prompt appears. To control the port history buffer display when you connec.
Chapter 3: Operations 39 Managing SNMP Structures The CPS provides a set of commands that create and manage SNMP structures for use by third-party network management products.
40 CPS Installer/User Guide W hen y ou defi ne a t least one S N M P manager , S N M P request s are processed if they are from one of t he defi ned S N M P managers. If a request is not from one of the defi ned S N M P managers, the S N M P request is discarded.
Chapter 3: Operations 41 To add or delete SNMP trap destination addresses: 1. To add an S N M P trap dest ination address, issue a Server S N M P Trap Destination c ommand with t he A dd paramet er and the dest ination’s IP address. Y ou may defi ne up t o four dest ination addresses, using separate commands.
42 CPS Installer/User Guide To display SNMP confi guration information: Issue a Show Server SNMP command. SH O W SER V ER SNMP The display includes information specified with the Server SNMP, Server SNMP Community, Server SNMP Manager, Server SNMP Trap and Server SNMP Trap Destination commands.
Contents Accessing the CLI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Entering Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Understanding Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Command Summary . . . . . . . . .
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Chapter 4: Using CPS Commands 45 Chapter 4: Using CPS Commands Accessing the CLI You may access the CLI in three ways: using the Telnet CLI, using the serial CLI or entering the CLI access character during a session to a serial device. When the CLI is accessed, its prompt appears (>), indicating you may type a command.
46 CPS Installer/User Guide When commands take effect Each command is completely processed before the next command can be entered. Some commands prompt for confirmation before they are processed. In these cases, you must confirm or cancel by entering Y or N respectively.
Chapter 4: Using CPS Commands 47 In this case, both SERVER and REBOOT are positional commands. In most cases, one or more spaces separate positional commands, positional parameters and keyword parameters. For most positional commands, positional parameters or keyword parameters, you only need to enter the first three characters.
48 CPS Installer/User Guide In the following example, there are spaces between BAUD, the equal sign and the value 57600. Spaces are not permitted between keyword parameters and their values.
Chapter 4: Using CPS Commands 49 CPS Command Summary (Continued) Command Description, Access Right and Access Level * Po rt Logout T erminates the CPS session on a specifi ed port. Access right: USER; Access level: A and AA Po rt Set Changes port settings.
50 CPS Installer/User Guide CPS Command Summary (Continued) Command Description, Access Right and Access Level * Show Port Alert Displays a port’s alert strings. Access right: SMON; Access level: A and AA Show Server Displays CPS confi guration, statistics and session information.
Contents Connect Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Disconnect Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Help Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Port Commands . . . . . . . . . .
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Chapter 5: CPS Commands 53 Chapter 5: CPS Commands Connect Command The Connect command establishes a connection from the CPS serial CLI port to a device attached to another port on that CPS. If the specified port is already in use, you will receive an error message.
54 CPS Installer/User Guide Help Command Parameter P arameter Description < command_name > Command name. Default: Displays list of all commands Examples The following command displays information about the Show Server CLI command. help sho ser cli The following command displays a list of all commands.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 55 Port Alert Add Command Parameters P arameter Description < port > P ort number in the range 1 -8 for a CPS8 1 0 or 1 - 1 6 for a CPS1 6 10. < string > 3-32 character string. Port Alert Copy command The Port Alert Copy command copies the alert strings from one port (from_port) to another (to_port).
56 CPS Installer/User Guide Port Alert Delete Command Parameter P arameter Description < port > P ort number in the range 1 -8 for a CPS8 1 0 or 1 - 1 6 for a CPS1 6 10.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 57 Port History Mode Commands Command Description B ottom B sets the history view location to the bottom of the fi le minus 23 history display lines, if available.
58 CPS Installer/User Guide Port Set command The Port Set command changes CPS port settings in the CPS configuration database. At least one keyword parameter and value must be specified. For more information, see Configuring Serial Port Settings in Chapter 3.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 59 Port Set Command Parameters (Continued) P arameter Description FL OW=< signal > Flow control signal. For hardware fl ow contr ol, be sure the control signals are correctly wired, or data loss may occur . The fl ow control signal cannot also be used for power status monitoring.
60 CPS Installer/User Guide Example The following command sets a baud rate of 57600 and enables XON/XOFF flow control on port 2. > port 2 set baud=57600 flow=xonxof Quit Command The Quit command terminates the current CPS session and terminates your Telnet connection to the CPS.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 61 Server Command Summary (Continued) Command Description Server SNMP Enables/disables SNMP processing. Server SNMP Community Defi nes read, write and trap community strings. Server SNMP Manager Defi nes/deletes SNMP management entities.
62 CPS Installer/User Guide Server CLI Command Parameters (Continued) P arameter Description CONNEC T=ON|OFF Enables or disables the ability to use the Connect command from the serial CLI port. When enabled, a serial CLI user may use the Connect command to establish a connection to the serial device attached to another CPS serial port.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 63 Syntax SERVER FLASH BOOT|APP HOSTIP=< tftp_add > IMAGE=< host_file > Server FLASH Command Parameters P arameter Description BOO T Indicates the BIOS/Bootstrap image should be updated. APP Indicates the application image should be updated.
64 CPS Installer/User Guide Server PPP Command Parameters (Continued) P arameter Description REMO TEIP=< re m_ ip > I P address to assign to the PPP client end of the PPP connection. Must be on same subnet as L OCALIP address. MASK=< subnet > L AN subnet for the PPP dial-in client.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 65 Server RADIUS Command Parameters (Continued) P arameter Description USER-RIGHT S=< attr > Attribute number defi ned on the R ADIUS server, in the range 1 - 255. AUTHPORT=< udp > UDP port for RADIUS authentication server, in the range 1 -65535.
66 CPS Installer/User Guide Access right: SCON; Access level: AA Syntax SERVER SECURITY [AUTHENTICATION=< auth_mode >] [ENCRYPT=< encrypt >] [DSAUTH=< dsauth >] [DSCLEAR] [LOCKOUT=< hours >] Server Security Command Parameters P arameter Description AUTHENTICA TION= Authentication mode.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 67 The following command specifies that any DS authentication server should be used to authenticate users, and the strongest encryption negotiated between triple DES and 128-bit.
68 CPS Installer/User Guide Server SNMP Community command The Server SNMP Community command defines read, write and trap SNMP community strings. Community names are case-sensitive.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 69 Example The following command adds an SNMP management entity with the IP address of 192.168.0.1. server snmp manager add 192.
70 CPS Installer/User Guide server snmp trap enable Traps now disabled: 1) linkUp 4) userLogin 2) userAdded 5) imageUpgradeStarted 3) userDeleted Select trap(s) to enable>1,3-4 Server SNMP Trap Destination command The Server SNMP Trap Destination command defines or deletes destinations for enabled SNMP traps.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 71 Server SSH Command Parameters P arameter Description ENABLE|DISABLE Enables or disables SSH session access to the CPS. AUTH=< auth > SSH authentication methods. Y ou must enter the entire value; abbreviations are not permitted.
72 CPS Installer/User Guide Show Port Command Parameter P arameter Description < port > Port number . Default = your port ALL Displays information about all ports. NAMES Displays only port names. The following tables list the display fields for a SHOW PORT command that specifies one or all ports.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 73 Show Port Command Display Fields for SPC Ports Field Content Status ONLINE indicates the SPC is powered on, OFFLINE Indicates the SPC is powered off. Ve rsion SPC fi rmware version. Sockets Number of sockets on the SPC, either 8 or 1 6.
74 CPS Installer/User Guide Show Server Command Display Fields (Continued) Field Content Po rt Port number . Username Username (from User Add command) . Duration Duration of session. Socket T elnet CPS socket number . From Sock et T elnet client IP address with socket number in parentheses.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 75 Show Server PPP command The Show Server PPP command displays the current CPS PPP settings that were configured with the Server PPP command.
76 CPS Installer/User Guide Show Server Security Command Display Fields (Continued) Field Contents DS Credential Present indicates that DS credentials are stored; Not Present indicates they are not. This is valid only for DS authentication, and applies to SSL anonymous and SSL certifi cate connection types.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 77 Show User Command Display Fields (Continued) Field Contents Locked YES if user is lock ed-out, NO if not. Last Login System up time value when the user logged in. Po rt Serial port to which user is connected. Username Username.
78 CPS Installer/User Guide SPC Command Parameters P arameter Description < port >|ALL Either a port number in range 1 -8 for a CPS8 1 0 or 1 - 1 6 for a CPS1 6 1 0, or All, which indicates that the settings that follow should be applied to all CPS ports confi gured as SPC .
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 79 User Add command The User Add command adds a new user to the CPS user database. The CPS user database holds a maximum of 64 user definitions. For more information, see Managing Users , Connecting to devices using SSH and Access rights and levels in Chapter 3.
80 CPS Installer/User Guide The following command adds the username JaneDoe, with access to all ports. The name of the SSH public user key file is cps_key2.pub. This file is located on the FTP server at IP address 10.0.0.3. > user add JaneDoe ssh=cps_key2.
Chapter 5: CPS Commands 81 User Set command The User Set command changes a user’s configuration in the CPS user database. For more information, see Managing Users , Connecting to devices using SSH and Access rights in Chapter 3. You may delete a user’s password or key; however, each user must have a password or a key, so you cannot remove both.
82 CPS Installer/User Guide User Set Command Parameters (Continued) P arameter Description ACC ESS=< access > Valid values for access levels are: (Continued) ADM IN PALL, USER, SMON, PCON and BREAK access rights. APPLIANCEADMI N P ALL, USER, SCON, SMON, PCON and BREAK access rights.
Contents Appendic e s Appendix A: Technical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . 85 Appendix B: Device Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Appendix C: Ports Used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Appendix D: Technical Support . .
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Appendices 85 Appendices Appendix A: Technical Specifications The following table lists the CPS technical specifications. CPS Product Specifi cations Device Ports Number 8 (CPS8 1 0); 1 6 (CPS1 6 1 0) Ty pe Serial ports Connectors Serial port RJ- 45 Network Connection Number 1 Ty pe Ethernet: IEEE 802.
86 CPS Installer/User Guide Appendix B: Device Cabling Each CPS serial port has an RJ-45 connector for attaching a serial device. Figure B.1 shows the RS-232 pinouts plus the wiring diagrams for cables that connect to terminals and PCs.
Appendices 87 RJ-45 modular adaptors and cables Modular adaptors are available from Avocent to convert RJ-45 modular jacks to DB-25 or DB-9 connectors. These modular adaptors, when used with 8-wire modular cables, provide the same functions shown in Figure B.
88 CPS Installer/User Guide The following table lists the modular cables and adaptors available from Avocent, plus other accessories. Cables and Adaptors Part No. Description 690026 1 0 foot 8-wire Reversing Modular Cable. 69022 7 25 foot 8-wire Reversing Modular Cable.
Appendices 89 Appendix C: Ports Used The following table lists the UDP and TCP port numbers used by the CPS. The values assume a default CPS configuration; some values are configurable. Ports Used by CPS Port T ype and Number Used for TC P 22 SSH2, if enabled.
90 CPS Installer/User Guide Appendix D: Technical Support Our Technical Support staff is ready to assist you with any installation or operating problems you encounter with your Avocent product. If an issue should develop, follow the steps below for the fastest possible service: 1.
LIMITED WARRANT Y Av ocent Corporation warrants t o the original ret ail purchaser t hat this product is and will be free from defec ts in materials and w orkmanship for a period of 24 mont hs from the date of purc hase. A dditionally , all A vocent product s carry an unc onditional t hirty- day satisfact ion guarantee.
For T echnical Support: Avocent Corporation 4991 Corporate Drive Huntsville, Alabama 35805-6201 USA Tel: +1 256 430 4000 Fax: +1 256 430 4031 590- 1 87 -00 1F Avocent International Ltd.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Avocent CPS1610 CPS è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Avocent CPS1610 CPS - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Avocent CPS1610 CPS imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Avocent CPS1610 CPS ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Avocent CPS1610 CPS, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Avocent CPS1610 CPS.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Avocent CPS1610 CPS. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Avocent CPS1610 CPS insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
