Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto R7200 del fabbricante Netopia
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Net opia ™ R7200 SDSL R outer Nokia S peedlink™ certified User’s Refer ence Guide.
C o p yright ©2000, Netopia, Inc., v .0300 All rights reser ved. Printed in the U.S.A. This manual and any associated ar twork, software, and pr oduct designs are copyrighted with all rights reser ved. Under the copyright laws such materials may not be copied, in whole or par t, without the prior written consent of Netopia, Inc.
G B Part I: Getting Started Chapter 1 — Introduction .......................................................... 1-1 Over view ....................................................................... 1-1 Features and capabilities .....................
iv User’ s Reference Guide Adding an external modem ............................................. 4-5 Connecting to a LocalT alk network ................................. 4-6 Chapter 5 — Setting up your Router with the Smar tStar t Wizar d 5-1 Before r unning Smar tStar t .
Contents v G IP parameters (default profile) scr een .................... 8-8 IPX parameters (default profile) scr een .................. 8-9 System configuration screens ........................................ 8-9 Navigating through the system configuration scr eens.
vi User’ s Reference Guide IP setup .................................................................... 10-11 IP subnets ....................................................... 10-15 Static routes ...................................................
Contents vii G Chapter 13 — Monitoring T ools ............................................... 13-1 Quick View status over view .......................................... 13-1 General status ................................................... 13-2 Cur rent status .
viii User’ s Reference Guide Deleting a filter set ........................................... 14-17 A sample IP filter set ........................................ 14-17 IPX filters ...............................................................
Contents ix G Part III: Appendixes Appendix A — Troubleshooting .................................................. A-1 Configuration problems .................................................. A-1 Console connection problems .......................
x User’ s Reference Guide Appendix D — Binar y Conversion T able ...................................... D-1 Appendix E — Fur ther Reading .................................................. E-1 Appendix F — T echnical Specifications and Safety Information .
P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I : : : : G G G G e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g S S S S t t t t a a a a r r r r t t t t e e e e d d d d.
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Introduction 1-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 II I I n n n n t t t t r r r r o o o o d d d d u u u u c c c c t t t t ii i i o o o o n n n n Overview The Netopia R720.
1-2 User’ s Reference Guide tunneling for connectivity between remote AppleT alk networks ■ Web-based management pages aid in managing your router . Inter net br owsers such as Netscape Navigator and Microsoft’s Inter net Explorer can be used for the web-based management pages.
Setting Up Internet Services 2-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 2 2 2 2 S S S S e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g U U U U p p p p II I I n n n n t t t t e e e e r.
2-2 User’ s Reference Guide Unique requir ements Make sure the ISP can meet any unique r equirements you may have, such as: ■ Dynamic or static IP addressing ■ Class C IP address ■ Custom doma.
Setting Up Internet Services 2-3 For more infor mation on Network Addr ess T ranslation, see Chapter 10, “IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation.” Obtaining information from the ISP After your account is set up, the ISP should send you the IP parameter infor mation that will help you configure the Netopia R7200.
2-4 User’ s Reference Guide.
Making the Physical Connections 3-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 3 3 3 3 M M M M a a a a k k k k ii i i n n n n g g g g t t t t h h h h e e e e P P P P h h h h y y y y s s s.
3-2 User’ s Reference Guide What you need Locate all items that you need for the installation. Included in your router package ar e: ■ The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router ■ A power adapter and cord wi.
Making the Physical Connections 3-3 3. Connect the Ethernet cable to any of the Ether net por ts on the router . (If you are connecting the r outer to an existing Ethernet hub, use Ether net por t #1 on the router and set the crossover switch to the Uplink position.
3-4 User’ s Reference Guide Netopia R7200 SDSL Router status lights The figure below r epresents the Netopia R7200 status light (LED) panel. Netopia R7200 LED front panel The following table summarizes the meaning of the various LED states and colors: When this happens.
Connecting to Y our Local Ar ea Network 4-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 4 4 4 4 C C C C o o o o n n n n n n n n e e e e c c c c t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g t t t t o o o.
4-2 User’ s Reference Guide Application software: This is the softwar e you use to send e-mail, browse the World Wide W eb, read newsgroups, etc. These applications may r equire some configuration. Examples include the Eudora e-mail client and the Web browsers Microsoft Inter net Explorer and Netscape Navigator .
Connecting to Y our Local Ar ea Network 4-3 Connecting to an Ethernet network The Netopia R7200 suppor ts Ethernet connections through its eight Ether net por ts. The router automatically detects which Ethernet por t is in use. Y ou can connect either 10Base-T or EtherW ave Ether net networks to the Netopia R7200.
4-4 User’ s Reference Guide 10Base-T Y ou can connect a standar d 10Base-T Ether net network to the Netopia R7200 using any of its available Ethernet por ts.
Connecting to Y our Local Ar ea Network 4-5 Adding an external modem Y ou may want to add an exter nal modem to your Auxiliar y por t. Obtain the special DB-25 exter nal modem cable (TE6/DB25) either from your r eseller or directly fr om Netopia.
4-6 User’ s Reference Guide Connecting to a LocalT alk network If you have purchased the AppleT alk feature expansion kit, you can also connect the r outer to an AppleT alk network that uses either Ethernet or LocalT alk. Refer to the sheet of optional feature set add-ons in your Netopia R7200 documentation folio.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 5 5 5 5 S S S S e e e e t t t t t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g u u u u p p p p y y y y o o.
5-2 User’ s Reference Guide Before running SmartStart Be sure you have connected the cables and power sour ce as described in Step 1 “Connect the Router” guide contained in your Netopia folio.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-3 Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard The Smar tStar t Wizar d is tailored for your platfor m, but it works the same way on either a PC or a Macintosh. Inser t the Netopia CD, and in the desktop navigation screen that appears, launch the Smar tStar t Wizar d application.
5-4 User’ s Reference Guide Easy option When the test succeeds, Smar tStar t indicates success. If the test fails, the wizard displays an er r or screen. If the test fails, check the following: ■ Check your cable connections. Be sure you have connected the r outer and the computer properly , using the cor rect cables.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-5 When the test is successful, Smar tStar t pr esents you with the “Additional Configuration screen,” shown below .
5-6 User’ s Reference Guide Sharing the Connection Configuring TCP/IP on Windows 95, 98, or NT computers Configuring TCP/IP on a Windows computer requir es the following: ■ An Ethernet car d (also known as a network adapter) ■ The TCP/IP protocol must be “bound” to the adapter or car d Known IP Address scr een.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-7 Dynamic configuration (recommended) If you configure your Netopia R7200 using Smar tStar t, you can accept the dynamic IP address assigned by your router . The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) ser ver , which enables dynamic addressing, is enabled by default in the router .
5-8 User’ s Reference Guide Static configuration (optional) If you are manually configuring for a fixed or static IP addr ess, per form the following: 1. Go to Star t Menu/Settings/Control Panels and double click the Network icon. From the Network components list, select the Configuration tab.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-9 4. Click OK in this window and the next window . When prompted, r eboot the computer . Note: Y ou can also use these instr uctions to configur e other computers on your network with manual or static IP addresses.
5-10 User’ s Reference Guide Configuring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers The following is a quick guide to configuring TCP/IP for MacOS computers. Configuring TCP/IP in a Macintosh computer requir es the following: ■ Y ou must have either Open T ranspor t or Classic Networking (MacTCP) installed.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-11 Static configuration (optional) 3. In the TCP/IP window or in the MacTCP/More window , select or type information into the fields as shown in the following table. 4. Close the TCP/IP or MacTCP control panel and save the settings.
5-12 User’ s Reference Guide Dynamic configuration using MacIP (optional) If you want to use MacIP to dynamically assign IP addresses to the Macintosh computers on your network you must install the optional AppleT alk feature set kit.
Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard 5-13 Using Classic Networking (MacTCP) 1. Go to the Apple Menu. Select Control Panels and then Network . 2. In the Network window , select EtherT alk . 3. Go back to the Apple menu. Select Control Panels and then MacTCP .
5-14 User’ s Reference Guide.
Console-Based Management 6-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 6 6 6 6 C C C C o o o o n n n n s s s s o o o o ll l l e e e e - - - - B B B B a a a a s s s s e e e e d d d d M M .
6-2 User’ s Reference Guide may be using the router to connect to mor e than one ser vice provider or remote site. ■ The System Configuration menus display and per mit changing: ■ Network protocols setup.
Console-Based Management 6-3 Configuring T elnet software If you are configuring your r outer using a T elnet session, your computer must be r unning a T elnet software program. ■ If you connect a PC with Microsoft Windows, you can use a Windows T elnet application or simply r un T elnet from the Star t menu.
6-4 User’ s Reference Guide Launch your ter minal emulation software and configur e the communications software for the values shown in the table below .
Easy Setup 7-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 7 7 7 7 E E E E a a a a s s s s y y y y S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p This chapter describes how to use the Easy Setup console screens on your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router.
7-2 User’ s Reference Guide A screen similar to the following Main Menu appears: If you do not see the Main Menu, verify that: ■ The computer used to view the console screen has its serial por t connected to the Netopia R7200’s Console por t or an Ethernet connection to one of its Ether net por ts.
Easy Setup 7-3 Quick Easy Setup connection path This section may be all you need to do to configure your Netopia R7200 SDSL Router to connect to the Inter net.
7-4 User’ s Reference Guide The Main Menu appears. 2. Select the first item on the Main Menu list, Easy Setup . Press Retur n to bring up the SDSL Line Configuration menu screen. SDSL Line Configuration 1. Select Data Link Encapsulation and press Retur n.
Easy Setup 7-5 Easy Setup Profile The Easy Setup Profile scr een is where you configur e the parameters that control the Netopia R7200’s connection to a specific remote destination, usually your ISP or a corporate site.
7-6 User’ s Reference Guide ■ CHAP requir es you to enter a Host Name and Secret in the next two fields. ■ P AP-TOKEN requir es you to enter a User Name in the next field. ■ CACHE-TOKEN requir es you to enter a User Name and Password in the next two fields.
Easy Setup 7-7 2. Select Ethernet Subnet Mask and enter the subnet mask your ISP has given you. The Ethernet Subnet Mask defaults to a standard class mask derived fr om the class of the Ether net IP address you enter ed in the previous step. 3. Press the Down ar r ow key until the editable field labeled Domain Name is highlighted.
7-8 User’ s Reference Guide The final step in configuring the Easy Setup console screens is to r estar t the Netopia R7200, so that the configuration settings take ef fect. 1. Select REST ART DEVICE . A prompt asks you to confir m your choice. 2.
P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I II I I : : : : A A A A d d d d v v v v a a a a n n n n c c c c e e e e d d d d C C C C o o o o n n n n f f f f ii i i g g g g u u u u r r r r a a a a t t t t ii .
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W AN and System Configuration 8-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 8 8 8 8 W W W W A A A A N N N N a a a a n n n n d d d d S S S S y y y y s s s s t t t t e e e e m m m m C C C.
8-2 User’ s Reference Guide ■ The Data Rate Mode pop-up menu of fers the choice of Hunt or Locked mode. ■ If you select Hunt (the default) the router will attempt to connect at the data rate you.
W AN and System Configuration 8-3 feature, the modem options ar e hidden. Cr eating a new Connection Profile For a Netopia R7200, connection profiles ar e useful for configuring the connection and authentication settings for negotiating a PPP connection on the SDSL link or on an asynchronous modem attached to the Auxiliar y por t.
8-4 User’ s Reference Guide 3. Select IP Profile Parameters and press Retur n. The IP Pr ofile Parameters screen appears. 4. T oggle or enter any IP Parameters you requir e and retur n to the Add Connection Profile scr een by pressing Escape. For more infor mation, see “IP Setup and Network Addr ess T ranslation” on page 10-1 .
W AN and System Configuration 8-5 6. T oggle or enter any IPX Parameters you requir e and retur n to the Add Connection Profile scr een by pressing Escape. For more infor mation, see “IPX Setup” on page 11-1 . 7. Select Data Link Encapsulation and press Retur n.
8-6 User’ s Reference Guide 10. Select Inter face Gr oup and press Retur n. Fr om the pop-up menu select either Primary or Backup . If you select Primar y , the profile is applied to your primar y W AN inter face (the SDSL link).
W AN and System Configuration 8-7 The Default Profile scr een appears. ■ Y ou can set Must Match a Defined Pr ofile item to Ye s or No (the default). This item controls whether or not the SDSL link will come up without an explicitly configured connection pr ofile.
8-8 User’ s Reference Guide IP parameters (default profile) scr een If you are using RFC1483 datalink encapsulation, the IP Parameters (Default Pr ofile) screen allows you to configure various IP.
W AN and System Configuration 8-9 IPX parameters (default pr ofile) screen If you are using RFC1483 datalink encapsulation, the IPX Parameters (Default Pr ofile) screen allows you to configure var.
8-10 User’ s Reference Guide The console screen will open to the Main Menu, similar to the scr een shown below: Navigating thr ough the system configuration screens T o help you find your way to p.
W AN and System Configuration 8-11 System configuration featur es The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router’s default settings may be all you need to configure your Netopia R7200. Some users, however , requir e advanced settings or prefer manual contr ol over the default selections.
8-12 User’ s Reference Guide Network pr otocols setup These screens allow you to configur e your network’s use of the standard networking pr otocols: ■ IP: Details are given in “IP Setup and Network Addr ess T ranslation” on page 10-1 . ■ IPX: Details are given in “IPX Setup” on page 11-1.
W AN and System Configuration 8-13 1. Select Current Date and enter the date in the appr opriate for mat. Use one- or two-digit numbers for the month and day , and the last two digits of the cur r ent year . The date’s numbers must be separated by for ward slashes (/).
8-14 User’ s Reference Guide SNMP (Simple Network Management Pr otocol) These screens allow you to monitor and configur e your network by means of a standard Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent. ■ Details are given in “SNMP” on page 13-12 .
W AN and System Configuration 8-15 By default, all events are logged in the event histor y . ■ By toggling each event descriptor to either Ye s or No , you can determine which ones ar e logged and which are ignor ed. ■ Y ou can enable or disable the syslog client dynamically .
8-16 User’ s Reference Guide.
Line Backup 9-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 9 9 9 9 L L L L ii i i n n n n e e e e B B B B a a a a c c c c k k k k u u u u p p p p The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router of fers line backup functionality in the event of a line failur e on your primar y W AN link.
9-2 User’ s Reference Guide W AN Configuration T o configure Line Backup, fr om the Main Menu select W AN Configuration and then Backup Configuration . The Backup Configuration screen appears. Backup W AN Conf iguration Main Menu Conf iguration WAN Configuration WAN (Wide Area Network) Setup.
Line Backup 9-3 Backup Configuration scr een This screen is used to configur e the conditions under which backup will occur , if it will recover , and how the auxiliar y por t is configur ed. The circuit type is Switched Asynchr onous. ■ Select Backup to Auxiliary Por t or Backup to Internal Modem and press Retur n.
9-4 User’ s Reference Guide the router should tr y to Auto-Recover when the backup is invoked because of a Layer 2 loss. (Layer 1 is still available, and this is what recover y checks.) Use this setting with caution. Setting it to Y es may induce alternate switching back and for th between Backup and Recover y Mode.
Line Backup 9-5 Connection Pr ofiles The line backup feature allows you to configur e a complete connection profile for the backup por t, just as you do for your primar y W AN connection. In this way profiles are associated with a par ticular inter face.
9-6 User’ s Reference Guide The Scheduled Connections screen appears. ■ Select Add Scheduled Connection and press Retur n. The Add Scheduled Connection screen appears. ■ T oggle Scheduled Connection Enable to On . ■ From the How Often pop-up menu, select Weekly and press Return.
Line Backup 9-7 ■ T oggle all the days of the week to Ye s , and set the Scheduled Window Duration Per Day to 24:00 . This guarantees a per manent connection. Press Escape to r etur n to the Add Scheduled Connection screen. ■ Select Use Connection Profile and press Retur n.
9-8 User’ s Reference Guide Select Backup Management/Statistics and press Retur n. Note: This option is only visible if backup is not Disabled. The Backup Management/Statistics screen appears. ■ Current Por t is a display-only field that shows which por t is cur rently in operation.
Line Backup 9-9 connection. ■ The FORCE BACKUP/FORCE RECOVERY option is a selectable option that depending on the curr ent state of backup will force the switching of por ts. If you are cur r ently in backup mode, the option will be FORCE RECOVERY .
9-10 User’ s Reference Guide.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 II I I P P P P S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p a a a a n n n n d d d d N .
10-2 User’ s Reference Guide NA T works by r emapping the sour ce IP address of traf fic fr om the LAN to a single static or dynamically assigned IP address shown to the r emote side of the router . The feature can be implemented on a per–connection pr ofile basis.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-3 Using Network Addr ess T ranslation The following procedur e describes how to use Network Address T ranslation. 1. Pick a network number for your local network (refer r ed to as the inter nal network). This can be any IP address range you want.
10-4 User’ s Reference Guide Address T ranslation option from the IP Pr ofile Parameters menu. 4. Select IP Addressing and, fr om the pop-up menu, choose the IP routing method that your ISP or network administrator specifies (either Numbered or Unnumber ed).
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-5 5. If your ISP uses numbered (inter face-based) routing, select Local W AN IP Address and enter the local W AN address your ISP gave you. Then select Local W AN IP Mask and enter the W AN subnet mask of the remote site you will connect to.
10-6 User’ s Reference Guide When using numbered inter faces, the Netopia Router will use its local W AN IP address and subnet mask to send packets to the remote r outer . Both routers have W AN IP addresses and subnet masks associated with the connection.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-7 Just as an IP address specifies a par ticular computer on a network, por ts are addresses that specify a par ticular ser vice in a computer . There ar e many universally agreed-upon por ts assigned to various ser vices.
10-8 User’ s Reference Guide Connection Pr ofiles Since you will probably only have a single connection to your ISP over the SDSL link, you may not need to cr eate multiple connection profiles. Multiple connection pr ofiles are useful on leased (unswitched) inter faces such as SDSL only to suppor t meshed W AN connections.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-9 4. T oggle or enter any IP parameters you requir e and retur n to the Add Connection Profile scr een by pressing Escape. For more infor mation on NA T , see “Using Network Address T ranslation,” beginning on page 10-3 .
10-10 User’ s Reference Guide 7. Select ADD PROFILE NOW and press Retur n. Y our new connection pr ofile will be added. If you want to view the connection profiles in your r outer , return to the WAN Configuration screen, and select Display/Change Connection Profile .
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-11 IP setup The IP Setup options screen is wher e you configure the Ether net side of the Netopia R7200. The infor mation you enter here contr ols how the router r outes IP traf fic.
10-12 User’ s Reference Guide The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router suppor ts multiple IP subnets on the Ethernet inter face. Y ou may want to configure multiple IP subnets to ser vice more hosts than ar e possible with your primar y subnet. It is not always possible to obtain a lar ger subnet from your ISP .
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-13 ■ Select Add Expor t . The Add Expor ted Ser vice screen appears. Exported Services (Local Port to IP Address Remapping) Show/Change Exports... Add Export... Delete Export... Return/Enter to configure UDP/TCP Port-to-IP Address redirection.
10-14 User’ s Reference Guide ■ Select Ser vice . A pop-up menu of ser vices and por ts appears. 8. Select any of the ser vices/por ts and pr ess Return to associate it with the addr ess of a ser ver on your local area network. For example, if you select www-http 80 , press Retur n, and type 10.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-15 Press Escape when you ar e finished configuring expor ted ser vices. Y ou are retur ned to the IP Setup screen. ■ If you select Filter Sets you will be taken directly to the screen for configuring IP packet filters.
10-16 User’ s Reference Guide Note: Y ou need not use this scr een if you have only a single Ethernet IP subnet. In that case, you can continue to enter or edit the IP address and subnet mask for the single subnet on the IP Setup scr een.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-17 If you have configured multiple Ether net IP subnets, the IP Setup screen changes slightly: The IP address and Subnet mask items ar e hidden, and the Define Additional Subnets... item becomes Subnet Configuration.
10-18 User’ s Reference Guide The Static Routes screen will appear . Viewing static r outes T o display a view-only table of static routes, select Display/Change Static Route . The table shown below will appear . The table has the following columns: Dest.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-19 Subnet Mask: The subnet mask associated with the destination network. Next Gateway: The IP address of the r outer that will be used to reach the destination network.
10-20 User’ s Reference Guide infor mation; Low means that the RIP infor mation takes precedence over the static r oute. ■ If the static route conflicts with a connection pr ofile, the connection profile will always take pr ecedence.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-21 IP addr ess serving In addition to being a router , the Netopia R7200 is also an IP address ser ver . There are four pr otocols it can use to distribute IP addresses.
10-22 User’ s Reference Guide Go to the System Configuration screen. Select IP Address Ser ving and press Retur n. The IP Address Ser ving screen will appear .
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-23 If you have configured multiple Ether net IP subnets, the appearance of the IP Address Ser ving screen is alter ed slightly: The first three menu items ar e hidden, and Configure Addr ess Pools... appears instead.
10-24 User’ s Reference Guide IP Addr ess Pools The IP Address Pools scr een allows you to configure a separate IP addr ess ser ving pool for each of up to eight configured Ether net IP subnets: This screen consists of between two and eight r ows of four columns each.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-25 Numerous factors influence the choice of ser ved address. It is dif ficult to specify the address that will be ser ved to a par ticular client in all cir cumstances.
10-26 User’ s Reference Guide DHCP NetBIOS Options If your network uses NetBIOS, you can enable the Netopia R7200 to use DHCP to distribute NetBIOS infor mation. NetBIOS stands for Network Basic Input/Output System. It is a layer of software originally developed by IBM and Sytek to link a network operating system with specific hardwar e.
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-27 ■ From the NetBios Type pop-up menu, select the type of NetBIOS used on your network. ■ T o ser ve DHCP clients with the NetBIOS scope, select Serve NetBios Scope and toggle it to Ye s . Select NetBios Scope and enter the scope.
10-28 User’ s Reference Guide Select Release BootP Leases and press Retur n. MacIP (KIP forwarding) setup When hosts using AppleT alk (typically those using LocalT alk) are not dir ectly connected to an IP network (usually an Ethernet), they must use a MacIP (AppleT alk–IP) gateway .
IP Setup and Network Address T ranslation 10-29 The MacIP (KIP) For warding Setup screen tells the Netopia R7200 how many static addr esses to allocate for MacIP/KIP clients. The addresses must fall within the addr ess pool from the pr evious screen. ■ Enter the number of static MacIP addresses to r eser ve.
10-30 User’ s Reference Guide.
IPX Setup 11-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II I I P P P P X X X X S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p p p Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) is the network pr otocol used by Novell NetW are networks. This chapter shows you how to configure the Netopia R7200 for r outing data using IPX.
11-2 User’ s Reference Guide IPX addr ess An IPX address consists of a network number , a node number , and a socket number . An IPX network number is composed of eight hexadecimal digits. The network number must be the same for all nodes on a par ticular physical network segment.
IPX Setup 11-3 The following is a list of common SAP ser ver types: NetBIOS NetBIOS is a protocol that per for ms tasks related to the Transpor t and Session layers of the OSI model. It can operate over IPX using a special broadcast packet known as “IPX Packet type 20” to communicate with IPX NetBIOS ser vers.
11-4 User’ s Reference Guide T o go to the IPX Setup screen, fr om the Main Menu select System Configuration and then select Network Protocols Setup and then select IPX Setup . Note: If you have completed Easy Setup, the infor mation you have already enter ed will appear in the IP Setup options screen.
IPX Setup 11-5 7. Select Default Gateway Address and enter the network address of the IPX network to which all packets of unknown destination address should be r outed. Note: The default gateway address is usually set up to match the IPX Addr ess in your network connection profile.
11-6 User’ s Reference Guide.
AppleT alk Setup 12-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 A A A A p p p p p p p p ll l l e e e e T T T T a a a a ll l l k k k k S S S S e e e e t t t t u u u u p p .
12-2 User’ s Reference Guide If the cabling of your network were a str eet system, then a node address would cor r espond to a building’s street addr ess. But node addresses ar e not per manent. Each AppleT alk device determines its node addr ess at star tup.
AppleT alk Setup 12-3 MacIP When Macintosh computers encapsulate TCP/IP packets in AppleT alk, because they are either on LocalT alk or EtherT alk, they must use the ser vices of a MacIP gateway . This gateway conver ts network traf fic into the corr ect for mat for AppleT alk or IP , depending on the traf fic’s destination.
12-4 User’ s Reference Guide It is impor tant to set the Netopia R7200’s seeding action to work best in your par ticular network envir onment. These scenarios may guide you in deciding how to set the router’s seeding: ■ If the Netopia R7200 is the only router on your network, you must set it to either har d seeding or soft seeding.
AppleT alk Setup 12-5 The Netopia Feature Set Upgrade scr een appears. Follow the instr uctions to enable AppleT alk on your router . Once AppleT alk is enabled, you can configur e your network as described in the following sections.
12-6 User’ s Reference Guide Configuring AppleT alk AppleT alk setup for Netopia R7200s consists of configuring EtherT alk, LocalT alk, and AURP . EtherT alk setup In the System Configuration screen, select Network Protocols Setup and then select AppleT alk Setup .
AppleT alk Setup 12-7 EtherT alk Phase II por t is visible to other AppleT alk nodes. The default zone is also where new AppleT alk nodes will appear . If you do not set a default zone, the first zone you create will be the default zone. ■ Y ou can also set the range of EtherT alk Phase II network numbers.
12-8 User’ s Reference Guide As an alternative, you can set LocalT alk seeding to soft seeding and let the Netopia R7200 receive the zone name and network number from the other r outer . ■ Select LocalT alk Net Number and enter the desired network number .
AppleT alk Setup 12-9 Example: Site A has an AURP tunnel to site B. Both sites have multiple zones defined on the EtherT alk por t and a unique zone on their LocalT alk por ts.
12-10 User’ s Reference Guide The Change AURP Par tner screen has all the values you entered when you added that par tner . All of these values may be modified in this screen. Deleting an AURP partner ■ T o delete an AURP par tner , in the AURP Setup screen select Delete Par tner and press Retur n.
AppleT alk Setup 12-11 ■ Select Tickle Inter val (HH:MM:SS) and set the timer to indicate how often a tickle or “Are you still ther e” packet will be sent to the remote AppleT alk network. The AURP tickle timer is a parameter that you can set anywhere between 0 and 100 hours.
12-12 User’ s Reference Guide When network number remapping is enabled, you must choose a safe range of network numbers as a destination for the remapping. A safe range of network numbers does not intersect your local AppleT alk network’s range of network numbers.
Monitoring T ools 13-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 M M M M o o o o n n n n ii i i t t t t o o o o r r r r ii i i n n n n g g g g T T T T o o o o o o o o ll l l s s s s This chapter discusses the Netopia R7200’s device and network monitoring tools.
13-2 User’ s Reference Guide General status Current Date: The cur r ent date; this can be set with the Date and Time utility (see “Date and time” on page 8-12 ). Default IP Gateway: The router’s default gateway , which may be either manually configur ed or lear ned via DHCP .
Monitoring T ools 13-3 Curr ent status The cur rent status section is a table showing the cur r ent status of the WAN. For example: Profile Name: Lists the name of the connection pr ofile being used, if any . State: Lists the por ts in use for this connection.
13-4 User’ s Reference Guide Statistics & Logs When you are tr oubleshooting your Netopia R7200, the Statistics & Logs screens pr ovide insight into the recent event activities of the router . From the Main Menu go to Statistics & Logs and select one of the options described in the sections below .
Monitoring T ools 13-5 Physical Interface The top left side of the screen lists total packets r eceived and total packets transmitted for the following data por ts: ■ Ethernet Hub ■ Aux Async or L.
13-6 User’ s Reference Guide W AN Event History The W AN Event Histor y screen lists a total of 128 events on the W AN. The most recent events appear at the top. Each entr y in the list contains the following information: Date: Date of the event. Time: Time of the event.
Monitoring T ools 13-7 T o get more infor mation about any event listed in the WAN Event Histor y , select the event and then press Return. A dialog box containing mor e infor mation about the selected event will appear . Press Retur n or Escape to dismiss the dialog box.
13-8 User’ s Reference Guide Each of the routing table scr eens repr esents a snapshot of the routing table infor mation at the time the scr een is first invoked. T o take a new snapshot, select Update at the bottom of the screen and press Retur n.
Monitoring T ools 13-9 IPX routing table In the Statistics & Logs screen, select IPX Routing T able and pr ess Return. The IPX routing table displays all of the IPX r outes cur rently known to the Netopia R7200. IPX Sap Bindery table In the Statistics & Logs screen, select IPX Sap Binder y T able and press Retur n.
13-10 User’ s Reference Guide State: Displays the state of the specified route, based on the fr equency of Routing T able Maintenance Pr otocol (RTMP) packets received for the r oute. The state can be Good, Suspect, or Bad. AppleT alk routers regularly exchange RTMP packets to update AppleT alk routing infor mation.
Monitoring T ools 13-11 The IP Address Lease Management scr een appears. This screen has thr ee options: ■ Reset All Leases : Resets all cur rent IP addr esses leased through DHCP without waiting fo.
13-12 User’ s Reference Guide System Information The System Infor mation screen gives a summar y view of the general system level values in the Netopia R7200 SDSL Router. From the Statistics & Logs menu select System Information . The System Infor mation scr een appears.
Monitoring T ools 13-13 The SNMP Setup screen From the Main Menu, select SNMP in the System Configuration screen and pr ess Retur n. The SNMP Setup screen appears. Follow these steps to configure the first thr ee items in the screen: 1. Select System Name and enter a descriptive name for the Netopia R7200’s SNMP agent.
13-14 User’ s Reference Guide By default, the read-only and r ead/write community strings are set to public and private, r espectively . Y ou should change both of the default community strings to values known only to you and tr usted system adminis- trators.
Monitoring T ools 13-15 Setting the IP trap receivers 1. Select Add IP Trap Receiver . 2. Select Receiver IP Address or Domain Name . Enter the IP address or domain name of the SNMP manager you want to receive the trap. 3. Select Community String if you enabled one in the SNMP Setup screen, and enter the appropriate password.
13-16 User’ s Reference Guide W eb-based management pages The web-based management pages add significant new features for monitoring your r outer . Y ou access the web-based management pages by launching your web br owser and entering the URL: http:// router_IP_addr ess where r outer_IP_address is the address of your r outer .
Monitoring T ools 13-17 The display contains two frames, a navigation frame on the left and the infor mation and configuration page on the right. The left frame per mits you to navigate to: ■ Syste.
13-18 User’ s Reference Guide W AN Event History page Y ou can r efresh the WAN Event Histor y log by clicking the update this page link..
Monitoring T ools 13-19 Device Event History page Y ou can r efresh the Device Event Histor y log by clicking the update this page link..
13-20 User’ s Reference Guide.
Security 14-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 4 S S S S e e e e c c c c u u u u r r r r ii i i t t t t y y y y The Netopia R7200 provides a number of security featur es to help protect its configuration scr eens and your local network from unauthorized access.
14-2 User’ s Reference Guide Caution! Y ou ar e strongly encouraged to add pr otection to the configuration screens. Unpr otected screens could allow an unauthorized user to compromise the operation of your entir e network. Once user accounts are cr eated, users who attempt to access protected scr eens will be challenged.
Security 14-3 T o add a new user account, select Add User in the Security Options screen and press Retur n. The Add Name With Write Access screen appears. Follow these steps to configure the new account: 1. Select Enter Name and enter a descriptive name (for example, the user’s first name).
14-4 User’ s Reference Guide Enable SmartStart/SmartV iew/W eb server Y ou may want to r estrict access to the Web-based screens to prevent inadver tent switching or connecting and disconnecting of connection profiles.
Security 14-5 A filter set is a group of filters that work together to check incoming or outgoing data. A filter set can consist of a combination of input and output filters. How filter sets work A filter set acts like a team of customs inspectors.
14-6 User’ s Reference Guide If the package does not match the first inspector’s criteria, it goes to the second inspector , and so on. Y ou can see that the order of the inspectors in the line is ver y impor tant.
Security 14-7 A filtering rule The criteria are based on infor mation contained in the packets. A filter is simply a r ule that prescribes cer tain actions based on cer tain conditions. For example, the following rule qualifies as a filter: Block all T elnet attempts that originate from the r emote host 199.
14-8 User’ s Reference Guide Port number comparisons A filter can also use a comparison option to evaluate a packet’s source or destination por t number . The comparison options are: No Compare: No comparison of the por t number specified in the filter with the packet’s por t number .
Security 14-9 Putting the parts together When you display a filter set, its filters are displayed as r ows in a table: The table’s columns cor respond to each filter’s attributes: #: The filter’s priority in the set. Filter number 1, with the highest priority , is first in the table.
14-10 User’ s Reference Guide Filtering example #1 Returning to our filtering r ule example from above (see page 14-7 ), look at how a r ule is translated into a filter .
Security 14-11 This filter blocks any packets coming from a r emote network with the IP network address 200.233.14.0. The 0 at the end of the address signifies any host on the class C IP network 200.233.14.0. If, for example, the filter is applied to a packet with the source IP addr ess 200.
14-12 User’ s Reference Guide An approach to using filters The ultimate goal of network security is to prevent unauthorized access to the network without compr omising authorized access.
Security 14-13 3. View , change, or delete individual filters and filter sets. The sections below explain how to execute these steps. Adding a filter set Y ou can cr eate up to eight dif fer ent custom filter sets. Each filter set can contain up to 16 output filters and up to 16 input filters.
14-14 User’ s Reference Guide Input and output filters—source and destination There ar e two kinds of filters you can add to a filter set: input and output. Input filters check packets received from the Inter net, destined for your network. Output filters check packets transmitted from your network to the Internet.
Security 14-15 1. T o make the filter active in the filter set, select Enabled and toggle it to Ye s . If Enabled is toggled to No , the filter can still exist in the filter set, but it will have no ef fect.
14-16 User’ s Reference Guide 10. When you are finished configuring the filter , select ADD THIS FIL TER NOW to save the filter in the filter set.
Security 14-17 Modifying filter sets T o modify a filter set, select Display/Change IP Filter Set in the IP Filter Sets screen to display a list of filter sets. Select a filter set from the list and pr ess Return. The Change IP Filter Set scr een appears.
14-18 User’ s Reference Guide The five input filters and one output filter that make up Basic Firewall ar e shown in the table below . Basic Firewall’s filters play the following r oles. Input filters 1 and 2: These block W AN-originated OpenWindows and X-Windows sessions.
Security 14-19 Basic Firewall is suitable for a LAN containing only client hosts that want to access ser vers on the W AN, but not for a LAN containing ser vers providing ser vices to clients on the W AN. Basic Firewall’s general strategy is to explicitly for ward W AN-originated TCP and UDP traf fic to por ts greater than 1023.
14-20 User’ s Reference Guide FTP sessions. T o allow W AN-originated FTP sessions to a LAN-based FTP ser ver with the IP address a.b.c.d (cor responding to a number ed IP address such as 163.176.8.243), inser t the following input filter ahead of the cur rent input filter 1: ■ Enabled: Y es ■ For ward: Y es ■ Source IP Addr ess: 0.
Security 14-21 IPX filters IPX packet filters work ver y similarly to IP packet filters. They filter data traf fic coming from or going to r emote IPX networks. IPX filters can be set up to for ward or discard IPX packets based on a number of user-defined criteria.
14-22 User’ s Reference Guide The items in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen ar e grouped into four ar eas: ■ IPX packet filters ■ IPX packet filter sets ■ IPX SAP filters ■ IPX SAP filter sets The following sections explain the items in each of these areas.
Security 14-23 1. Select Filter Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter . 2. T o specify a source network for the filter to match on, select Source Network and enter an IPX network address. 3. T o specify a source node for the filter to match on, select Source Node Addr ess and enter an IPX node address.
14-24 User’ s Reference Guide Follow these steps to configure the new packet filter set: 1. Select Filter Set Name and enter a descriptive name for the filter set. 2. T o change the for warding action of filters in the filter set, select Show Filters/Change Action on Match and press Retur n.
Security 14-25 3. T o add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter to display a table of filters. Select a filter from the table and press Retur n to add it to the filter set. The default action of newly added filters is to not for war d packets that match their criteria.
14-26 User’ s Reference Guide Adding a SAP filter T o add a new IPX SAP filter , select Add IPX SAP Filter in the IPX Filters and Filter Sets screen and press Retur n. The Add SAP Filter screen appears. By default, the filter’s socket and type numbers and network and node addresses ar e null (all zeros).
Security 14-27 IPX SAP filter sets Before IPX SAP filters can be used, they must be gr ouped into sets. A SAP filter can be par t of more than one filter set.
14-28 User’ s Reference Guide Select a filter and toggle the entr y for war ding action to Ye s (for war d) or No (discar d). 3. T o add a filter to the filter set, select Append Filter in the Add SAP Filter Set screen to display a table of filters.
Security 14-29 Fir ewall tutorial General firewall terms Filter rule : A filter set is comprised of individual filter r ules. Filter set : A grouping of individual filter r ules. Firewall : A component or set of components that r estrict access between a protected network and the Inter net, or between two networks.
14-30 User’ s Reference Guide Example TCP/UDP Ports Fir ewall design rules There ar e two basic r ules to firewall design: ■ “What is not explicitly allowed is denied.” and ■ “What is not explicitly denied is allowed.” The first r ule is far more secur e, and is the best approach to fir ewall design.
Security 14-31 and a packet goes through these r ules destined for FTP , the packet would for ward through the first r ule (WWW), go through the second r ule (FTP), and match this r ule; the packet is allowed through. If you had this filter set for example.
14-32 User’ s Reference Guide Implied rules With a given set of filter r ules, there is an Implied r ule that may or may not be shown to the user . The implied r ule tells the filter set what to do with a packet that does not match any of the filter r ules.
Security 14-33 Filter basics In the source or destination IP addr ess fields, the IP address that is enter ed must be the network address of the subnet. A host address can be enter ed, but the applied subnet mask must be 32 bits (255.255.255.255). The Netopia R7200 has the ability to compare sour ce and destination TCP or UDP por ts.
14-34 User’ s Reference Guide Example filters Example 1 Incoming packet has the source addr ess of 200.1.1.28 This incoming IP packet has a source IP addr ess that matches the network address in the Sour ce IP Address field (00000000) in the Netopia R7200.
Security 14-35 This incoming IP packet (10000000) has a source IP addr ess that does not match the network address in the Source IP Addr ess field (00000000) in the Netopia R7200. This r ule will for ward this packet because the packet does not match.
14-36 User’ s Reference Guide Since the Source IP Network Addr ess in the Netopia R7200 is 01100000, and the sour ce IP address after the logical AND is 01100000, this r ule does match and this packet will not be for warded. Example 5 Incoming packet has the source addr ess of 200.
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-1 C C C C h h h h a a a a p p p p t t t t e e e e r r r r 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 U U U U t t t t ii i i ll l l ii i i t t t t ii i i e e e e s s s s a a a a n n n n d d d d D D D.
15-2 User’ s Reference Guide Ping The Netopia R7200 includes a standard Ping test utility . A Ping test generates IP packets destined for a par ticular (Ping-capable) IP host. Each time the target host r eceives a Ping packet, it retur ns a packet to the original sender .
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-3 Status: The cur rent status of the Ping test. This item can display the status messages shown in the able below: Packets Out: The number of packets sent by the Ping test. Packets In: The number of retur n packets received fr om the tar get host.
15-4 User’ s Reference Guide Packets Lost: The number of packets unaccounted for , shown in total and as a percentage of total packets sent. This statistic may be updated during the Ping test, and may not be accurate until after the test is over .
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-5 4. Select Use Reverse DNS to learn the names of the r outers between the Netopia Router and the destination router . The default is Y es. 5. Select ST ART TRACE ROUTE and press Retur n. A scrolling scr een will appear that lists the destination, number of hops, IP addresses of each hop, and DNS names, if selected.
15-6 User’ s Reference Guide Disconnect T elnet console session If you want to close your T elnet console session, select Disconnect T elnet Console Session and press Return. A dialog box appears asking you to cancel or continue your selection. If you select Continue , you will immediately ter minate your session.
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-7 T ransferring configuration and firmwar e files with TFTP T rivial File T ransfer Pr otocol (TFTP) is a method of transfer ring data over an IP network. TFTP is a client-ser ver application, with the router as the client.
15-8 User’ s Reference Guide ■ Select GET ROUTER FIRMW ARE FROM SERVER or GET W AN MODULE FIRMW ARE FROM SERVER and press Retur n. Y ou will see the following dialog box: ■ Select CANCEL to exit without downloading the file, or select CONTINUE to download the file.
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-9 ■ Select GET CONFIG FROM SERVER and press Retur n. Y ou will see the following dialog box: ■ Select CANCEL to exit without downloading the file, or select CONTINUE to download the file. The system will reset at the end of the file transfer to put the new configuration into ef fect.
15-10 User’ s Reference Guide Updating firmwar e Fir mware updates may be available periodically fr om Netopia or from a site maintained by your or ganization’s network administration. The procedur e below applies whether you are using the console or the WAN inter face module.
Utilities and Diagnostics 15-11 The system will reset at the end of a successful file transfer to put the new fir mwar e into ef fect. While the system resets, the LEDs will blink on and of f. Caution! Do not manually power down or reset the Netopia R7200 while it is automatically r esetting or it could be damaged.
15-12 User’ s Reference Guide 2. Select Receive Config from Netopia and press Retur n. The following dialog box appears: 3. Select CANCEL to exit without uploading the file, or select CONTINUE to upload the file.
P P P P a a a a r r r r t t t t II I I II I I II I I : : : : A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x e e e e s s s s.
User’ s Reference Guide.
T roubleshooting A-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x A A A A T T T T r r r r o o o o u u u u b b b b ll l l e e e e s s s s h h h h o o o o o o o o t t t t ii i i n n n n g g g g This appendix is intended to help you troubleshoot pr oblems you may encounter while setting up and using the Netopia R7200.
A-2 User’ s Reference Guide Note: If you are attempting to modify the IP addr ess or subnet mask from a pr evious, successful configuration attempt, you will need to clear the IP address or r eset your Netopia R7200 to the factor y default before reinitiating the configuration pr ocess.
T roubleshooting A-3 How to r eset the router to factory defaults Lose your password? This section shows how to r eset the router so that you can access the console scr eens once again. Keep in mind that all of your connection profiles and settings will need to be r econfigured.
A-4 User’ s Reference Guide Technical support Netopia, Inc. is committed to providing its customers with r eliable products and documentation, backed by excellent technical suppor t. Before contacting Netopia Look in this guide for a solution to your problem.
T roubleshooting A-5 Netopia Bulletin Board Ser vice: 1 510-865-1321 Online product information Product infor mation can be found in the following: Netopia World Wide W eb ser ver via http://www .
A-6 User’ s Reference Guide.
Understanding IP Addressing B-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x B B B B U U U U n n n n d d d d e e e e r r r r s s s s t t t t a a a a n n n n d d d d ii i i n n n n g .
B-2 User’ s Reference Guide IP addresses ar e maintained and assigned by the InterNIC, a quasi-governmental or ganization now increasingly under the auspices of private industr y . Note: It’s ver y common for an organization to obtain an IP addr ess from a thir d par ty , usually an Inter net ser vice provider (ISP).
Understanding IP Addressing B-3 Subnet masks T o create subnets, the network manager must define a subnet mask, a 32-bit number that indicates which bits in an IP address ar e used for network and subnetwork addresses and which ar e used for host addresses.
B-4 User’ s Reference Guide Network configuration Below is a diagram of a simple network configuration. The ISP is providing a Class C addr ess to the customer site, and both networks A and B want to gain Internet access thr ough this address. Netopia R7200 B connects to Netopia R7200 A and is provided Inter net access through Routers A and B.
Understanding IP Addressing B-5 Background The IP addresses and r outing configurations for the devices shown in the diagram are outlined below . In addition, each individual field and its meaning are described.
B-6 User’ s Reference Guide There ar e two schemes for distributing the remaining IP addr esses: ■ Manually give each computer an address ■ Let the Netopia R7200 automatically distribute the add.
Understanding IP Addressing B-7 Configuration This section describes the specific IP address lease, r enew , and release mechanisms for both the Mac and PC, with either DHCP or MacIP address ser ving. DHCP address serving Windows 95 workstation: ■ The Win95 workstation requests and r enews its lease ever y half hour .
B-8 User’ s Reference Guide ■ The Netopia R7200 releases the DHCP addr ess back to the available DHCP address pool exactly one hour after the last-heard lease r equest.
Understanding IP Addressing B-9 In any situation where a device is dialing into a Netopia r outer , the router may need to be configured to ser ve IP via the W AN inter face. This is only a requirement if the calling device has not been configur ed locally to know what its address(es) ar e.
B-10 User’ s Reference Guide The figure above shows an example of a block of IP addr esses being distributed cor rectly . The example follows these r ules: ■ An IP address must not be used as a static addr ess if it is also in a range of addresses being distributed by DHCP or MacIP .
Understanding IP Addressing B-11 Nested IP subnets Under cer tain circumstances, you may want to create r emote subnets from the limited number of IP addr esses issued by your ISP or other authority . Y ou can do this using connection pr ofiles. These subnets can be nested within the range of IP addresses available to your network.
B-12 User’ s Reference Guide Routers B and C (which could also be Netopia R7200s) ser ve the two remote networks that are subnets of a.b.c.0. The subnetting is accomplished by configuring the Netopia R7200 with connection profiles for Routers B and C (see the following table).
Understanding IP Addressing B-13 The following diagram illustrates the IP address space taken up by the two r emote IP subnets. Y ou can see fr om the diagram why the ter m nested is appropriate for describing these subnets.
B-14 User’ s Reference Guide.
Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior C-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x C C C C U U U U n n n n d d d d e e e e r r r r s s s s t t t t a a a a n n n n d d d d ii i i n .
C-2 User’ s Reference Guide When the Netopia R7200 establishes a connection over its W AN inter face with another router it uses the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).
Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior C-3 When the Netopia R7200 receives this IP packet, it cannot simply for ward it to the WAN inter face and the Internet since the IP addr esses on the LAN inter face are not valid or globally unique for the Inter net.
C-4 User’ s Reference Guide The reasons for the IP addr ess changes are obvious fr om the preceding diagram, but what is not so obvious is why the TCP or UDP source por ts need to be changed as well.
Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior C-5 Now both IP packets have the exact same source IP addr ess (200.1.1.40) and sour ce por ts (400). The Netopia R7200 is then able to distinguish between the two IP packets by changing the source TCP or UDP por ts and keeping this infor mation in an inter nal table.
C-6 User’ s Reference Guide If the WWW ser ver on the Internet then tries to open a connection to the IP address of 200.1.1.40 with the appropriate expor ted ser vice defined, the Netopia R7200 will look at the destination por t and will find that it is destined for por t 21 (FTP).
Understanding Netopia NA T Behavior C-7 Configuration NA T is enabled by default with the Smar tStar t configuration utility . Y ou can toggle Enable Address Translation to No or Ye s in the Connection Profile screen in System Configuration under the IP Pr ofile Parameters section.
C-8 User’ s Reference Guide Within expor ted ser vices is a pop-up list of well-known TCP and UDP ser vices that can be redir ected to a single host on the Netopia R7200’s LAN inter face. There is also an Other ... option that allows for manual configuration of additional TCP or UDP por ts.
Binary Conversion T able D-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x D D D D B B B B ii i i n n n n a a a a r r r r y y y y C C C C o o o o n n n n v v v v e e e e r r r r s s s.
D-2 User’ s Reference Guide Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y Decimal Binar y 128 10000000 160 10100000 192 11000000 224 11100000 129 10000001 161 10100001 193 11000001 225 11100001 13.
Further Reading E-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x E E E E F F F F u u u u r r r r t t t t h h h h e e e e r r r r R R R R e e e e a a a a d d d d ii i i n n n n g g g g Alexander , S. and R. Droms, DHCP Options and BOOTP V endor Extensions , RFC 2131, Silicon Graphics, Inc.
E-2 User’ s Reference Guide Garcia-Luna-Aceves, J.J., Loop-Fr ee Routing Using Dif fusing Computations , IEEE/ACM T ransactions on Networking, V ol. 1, No. 1, 1993. Gar finkel, Simson., PGP: Pretty Good Privacy , O’Reilly & Associates, Sebastopol, CA, 1991.
Further Reading E-3 Sidhu, G.S., R.F . Andrews, and A.B. Oppenheimer , Inside AppleT alk, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley Publishing Company , Reading, MA, 1990. Siyan, Karanjit, Internet Fir ewall and Network Security , New Riders Publishing, Indianapolis, IN, 1995.
E-4 User’ s Reference Guide.
T echnical Specifications and Safety Information F-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x F F F F T T T T e e e e c c c c h h h h n n n n ii i i c c c c a a a a ll l l S S S.
F-2 User’ s Reference Guide Description Dimensions: 124.0 cm (w) x 20.0 cm (d) x 5.3 cm (h) 9.4” (w) x 7.9” (d) x 2.1” (h) Communications inter faces: The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router has an RJ-4.
T echnical Specifications and Safety Information F-3 Softwar e and protocols Software media: Softwar e preloaded on inter nal flash memor y; field upgrades done via download to internal flash memo.
F-4 User’ s Reference Guide Agency appr ovals North America Safety Approvals: ■ United States – UL: 1950 Third Edition ■ Canada – CSA: CAN/CSA-C22.
T echnical Specifications and Safety Information F-5 Ser vice requir ements. In the event of equipment malfunction, all repairs should be per for med by our Company or an authorized agent. Under FCC r ules, no customer is authorized to repair this equipment.
F-6 User’ s Reference Guide near the product for easy access. ■ For use only with CSA Cer tified Class 2 power supply , rated 12VDC, 1.5A. T elecommunication installation cautions ■ Never install telephone wiring during a lightning stor m.
About SDSL G-1 A A A A p p p p p p p p e e e e n n n n d d d d ii i i x x x x G G G G A A A A b b b b o o o o u u u u t t t t S S S S D D D D S S S S L L L L The Netopia R7200 SDSL Router (Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line) technology uses standard copper phone lines to send a digital signal between two points.
G-2 User’ s Reference Guide Because over 300,000 lines are alr eady deployed using HDSL, ser vice providers feel comfor table with SDSL since it uses the same technology as its predecessor and ISDN. The line coding employed by both HDSL and ISDN has not caused any inter ference with existing ser vices like T1.
Glossary 1 G G G G ll l l o o o o s s s s s s s s a a a a r r r r y y y y access line: A telephone line r eaching from the telephone company central of fice to a point usually on your premises. Beyond this point the wir e is considered inside wiring.
2 User’ s Reference Guide byte: A group of bits, nor mally eight, which r epresent one data character . CallerID: See CND. CCITT (Comite Consultatif International T elegraphique et T elephonique): I.
Glossary 3 DTE (Data T erminal Equipment): T er m defined by standar ds committees, that applies to communications equipment, typically personal computers or data ter minals, as distinct from other devices that attach to the network, typically modems or printers (DCE).
4 User’ s Reference Guide internet: A set of networks connected together by r outers. This is a general ter m, not to be confused with the lar ge, multi-or ganizational collection of IP networks known as the Inter net. An inter net is sometimes also known as an internetwork.
Glossary 5 network log: A r ecord of the names of devices, location of wir e pairs, wall-jack numbers, and other infor mation about the network. network number: A unique number for each network in an inter net. AppleT alk network numbers are assigned by seed routers, to which the network is dir ectly connected.
6 User’ s Reference Guide router: A device that suppor ts network communications. A router can connect identical network types, such as LocalT alk-to-LocalT alk, or dissimilar network types, such as LocalT alk-to-Ethernet. However—unless a gateway is available—a common protocol, such as TCP/IP , must be used over both networks.
Glossary 7 TFTP (Trivial File T ransfer Protocol): A pr otocol used to transfer files between IP nodes. TFTP is often used to transfer fir mware and configuration infor mation fr om a UNIX computer acting as a TFTP ser ver to an IP networking device, such as the Netopia ISDN Router .
8 User’ s Reference Guide.
Index-1 II I I n n n n d d d d e e e e x x x x Numerics 10Base-T 4-4 10Base-T , connecting 4-4 A add static route 10-19 advanced configuration features 8-11 AppleT alk 1-1 configuring LocalT alk 12-.
Index-2 console configuration 8-13 console-based management configuring with 6-1 , 7-1 , 8-1 D D. por t 14-9 date and time setting 8-12 deciding on an ISP account 2-2 default profile 8-6 default te.
Index-3 G general statistics 13-4 Glossar y GL-1 H hard seeding 12-3 hops 13-9 how to reach us A-4 I input filter 3 14-18 input filters 1 and 2 14-18 input filters 4 and 5 14-18 Internet addr esses.
Index-4 IP setup 7-6 IPX setup 7-6 LocalT alk configuration 12-7 monitoring 13-1 security 14-1 system utilities and diagnostics 15-1 Network Address T ranslation see NA T 10-1 network problems A-2 ne.
Index-5 socket 11-2 soft seeding 12-3 src. por t 14-9 state 13-10 static IP addresses B-8 static route r ules of installation 10-20 static routes 10-12 , 10-17 statistics, W AN 13-4 subnet masks B-3 s.
Index-6.
Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies 1 L L L L ii i i m m m m ii i i t t t t e e e e d d d d W W W W a a a a r r r r r r r r a a a a n n n n t t t t y y y y a a a a n n n n d d d d L L L L ii i.
2 User’ s Reference Guide.
Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Netopia R7200 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Netopia R7200 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Netopia R7200 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Netopia R7200 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Netopia R7200, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Netopia R7200.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Netopia R7200. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Netopia R7200 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
