Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto x908 del fabbricante Allied Telesis
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C613-16119-00 REV A www .alliedtelesis.com AlliedW ar e Plus TM OS How T o | Intr oduction The SwitchBlade x908 , x900-12XT/S, and x90 0-24 series switches supp or t a pow erful hardwar e based packet-filtering facility .
Page 2 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Intr oduction Contents Intr oduction .......... .................................................................... .................................... ............................ 1 Which pr oducts and software version does this Note apply to? .
Page 3 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Creating hardwar e A CLs Cr eating hardwar e A CLs Hardwar e A CLs contain both the match criteria and the action to take on matching traffic. Ther e are two types of har dware A CL: IP ad dress and MA C address.
Page 4 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Creating hardwar e A CLs IP pack ets Y ou can filter IP packets on the basis of thei r source and/or destination IP addr esses.
Page 5 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Creating hardwar e A CLs TCP and UDP packets Y ou can filter TCP and UDP packets on the basis of: z sour ce IP address and/or destination IP ad dress (using the same syntax as when filtering IP pack ets) z sour ce and/or destination TCP/UDP por ts.
Page 6 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note The effects of the action k eyw ords in A CL s Cr eating MA C addr ess hardwar e A CLs MA C addr ess hardware A CLs filter pack ets on the basis of their source or destination MA C addr ess.
Page 7 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Making fi lters by a pplying har dware A CLs to ports Making filters by a pplying har dware A CLs to por ts Y ou can create a filter by simpl y applying one or more ACLs to a port, as long as y ou can select the matching traffic thr ough hard ware A CL ke ywor ds, a s described abov e .
Page 8 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Making fil ters by using QoS class-maps Making filters by using QoS class-ma ps QoS class-maps allow y ou to match on a m uch wi der range of pack et attributes than A CLs by themselves. The y do this by determining the match criteria fr om an A CL, or from match commands, or fr om both in combination.
Page 9 | AlliedW are Plus ™ OS How T o Note Making fil ters by using QoS class-maps 3. Specify what the class-map will match on (see page 9 ). This inv olves: z attaching the A CL to the class-map z using other match commands to further limi t what the traffic will match the class-map (unless the A CL ’ s se ttings wer e enough) 4.
Page 10 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Making fil ters by using QoS class-maps Matching on “inner” k eyw ords f or nested VLANs The match tpid , ma tch inner -tpid , match inner -vlan , and match inner -cos commands all appl y to nested VLAN configuration.
Page 11 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Making fil ters by using QoS class-maps Matching on TCP flag Unlik e the other match commands, you can match on multiple TCP flags.
Page 12 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Making fil ters by using QoS class-maps Matching on eth-format and pr otocol Ethernet format and pr otocol are specified to ge ther , as a pair .
Page 13 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note The logic of the operation of the har dware filters The logic of the operation of the hardwar e filters The operation of the filters follows the standar d A CL log ic: if a pack et matches an A CL on the por t, the comparison pr ocess stops and the action attached to the A CL is performed.
Page 14 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Examples Examples Blocking all multicast traffic This example uses an interface A CL with an action of deny . Consider a situation where m ultiple clients ar e attached to the s witch, with each client attached to a differ ent por t.
Page 15 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Examples Blocking all multicast tr affic except one ad dress This example uses two interface A CLs, one with an action of permit and one with an action of deny . Use this type of configuration when y ou want to discar d a wide range of traffic but want to forwar d a subset of traffic within tha t range.
Page 16 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Examples Mirr oring ARP pack ets This example uses a QoS class-map . Use this type of configuration when y ou want to mirror a subset of the incoming traffic on a port, a nd y ou need to us e QoS match comm ands to select the mirr ored traffic.
Page 17 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Examples Blocking TCP sessions in one dir ection This example uses two QoS class-maps. Administrators often want to block the establis hment of TCP sessions in one direction, but allow TCP sessions to be established in the opposi te dir ection.
Page 18 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Ho w many filters can you cr eate? How man y filters can you cr eate? The total number of filters that can be cr eate d is not an exact number , but depends on w hich fields the various filters are matching on.
Page 19 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Ho w many filters can you cr eate? 2. The pr ofile (mask) The other item is called the pr of ile. Conceptually , this is a 16 -byte mask that decides whic.
Page 20 | AlliedW are Plus™ OS How T o Note Ho w many filters can you cr eate? Ar e there enough bytes f or your set of filters? Of course, the m ask cannot incr ease withou t limit—it has a maximum size of 16 b ytes.
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Un punto importante, dopo l’acquisto del dispositivo (o anche prima di acquisto) è quello di leggere il manuale. Dobbiamo farlo per diversi motivi semplici:
Se non hai ancora comprato il Allied Telesis x908 è un buon momento per familiarizzare con i dati di base del prodotto. Prime consultare le pagine iniziali del manuale d’uso, che si trova al di sopra. Dovresti trovare lì i dati tecnici più importanti del Allied Telesis x908 - in questo modo è possibile verificare se l’apparecchio soddisfa le tue esigenze. Esplorando le pagine segenti del manuali d’uso Allied Telesis x908 imparerai tutte le caratteristiche del prodotto e le informazioni sul suo funzionamento. Le informazioni sul Allied Telesis x908 ti aiuteranno sicuramente a prendere una decisione relativa all’acquisto.
In una situazione in cui hai già il Allied Telesis x908, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Allied Telesis x908.
Tuttavia, uno dei ruoli più importanti per l’utente svolti dal manuale d’uso è quello di aiutare a risolvere i problemi con il Allied Telesis x908. Quasi sempre, ci troverai Troubleshooting, cioè i guasti più frequenti e malfunzionamenti del dispositivo Allied Telesis x908 insieme con le istruzioni su come risolverli. Anche se non si riesci a risolvere il problema, il manuale d’uso ti mostrerà il percorso di ulteriori procedimenti – il contatto con il centro servizio clienti o il servizio più vicino.
