Manuale d’uso / di manutenzione del prodotto Layer 3 Switches del fabbricante Allied Telesis
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C613-16103-00 REV A www .alliedtelesis.com How T o | Intr oduction Allied T elesis switches include a range of sophisti cated security features at la y er 2 and la yer 3. This How T o Note des cribes these featur es and includes brief examples of ho w to configure them.
Which pr oducts and software v ersions does this information apply to? Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 2 Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-for ced forwarding example ... ................................ 27 Edge switch 1 .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 3 Securing the de vice Securing the de vice The first step towar ds making a secur e network is to secur e the netw orking equipment itself. There ar e two aspects to this. Firstly , ph ysical security is vital—lock your netw orking equ ipment a wa y .
Pr otecting the network Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 4 Ser vice pro viders need to pre vent storms fr om disrupting ser vices to customers.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 5 Pr otecting the network Using QoS policy-based storm pr otection P olicy-based storm protection lets y ou specify one of a range of actions for the s witch to take when it detects a br oadcast storm.
Pr otecting the network Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 6 Example The following example applie s storm protection to classified br oadcast traffic on por t 1 . If there is a storm, it tak es the link down f or 60 seconds.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 7 Pr otecting the network 2. Set the sensitivity in detecting rapid MA C mo vement, by using the f ollowing command to tell the switch how many times a MA C addr ess can move ports in one second: set switch thrashlimit=5.
Pr otecting the network Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 8 IGMP filtering IGMP filtering lets you dictate exac tly which multicast gr oups a spec ific port can receiv e , by cr eating a fil ter list and applying it to the port.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 9 Managing the de vice securel y Mana ging the de vice securel y In Ethernet and br oadc ast netw orks the pri vacy of traffic is not g uaranteed. Hubs and networks outside the administrator's contr ol ma y leak sensitive data to unwanted r ecipients.
Managing the de vice securel y Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 10 Using SSL for secur e w eb access If you pr efer to configur e the switch using the conv enient we b-based GUI, then this is un encr ypted by default.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 11 Managing the de vice securel y Examples T o allow the user “ste ve” full r ead, write and notify SNMP access to the switch: enable snmp add snmp view=full oid=1.
Managing the de vice securel y Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 12 Whitelisting telnet hosts For an y remote management of a netw ork de vice, Allied T elesis recommends y ou use SSH, Secure HTTP ( SSL), or SNMPv3.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 13 Managing the de vice securel y Building a whitelist thr ough QoS On A T -8948, A T -9900, A T -990 0s, and x900 Series switches, use classifiers to build a whitelist and QoS to apply it.
Identifying the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 14 Identifying the user This section describes methods for authorising and tracking users and pre venting them fr om changing their identi ty on the netw ork.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 15 Identifying the user Rejecting Gratuitous ARP (GARP) Hosts can use GARP to anno unce th eir presence on a subnet. It is a helpfu l mechanism, par ticularly when ther e is a chance of duplicate addresses.
Identifying the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 16 For mor e information about setting up DHCP snooping, see How T o Use DHCP Snooping, Option 82 and Filtering on Rapier , A T -8800 and A T -8600 Ser ies Switc hes or How T o Use DHCP Snooping, Option 82 and Filtering on x900 Ser ies Switches .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 17 Identifying the user Using DHCP snooping to track clients If yo u r D H C P s e r ve r s u p po r ts i t , yo u c an u s e “option 82” to record mor e information about DHCP clients.
Pro tecting the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 18 Pr otecting the user This section describes the following methods of pr otecting users fr om other users on the network: z “Using private VLANs” on page 18 .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 19 Pro tecting the user Example T o create a private VLAN with por ts 2-6 in it, with an uplink trunk group of por ts 24 and 2 .
Pro tecting the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 20 The following figur e shows a network that can use either local pr oxy ARP or MA C-for ced forwar ding—the examples in both the fo llowing sections r efer to this netw ork.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 21 Pro tecting the user Configuration of edge swi tc hes 1. Create the VLANs, specifying that the y are pr ivate. Mak e a different VLAN for each type of traffic that y o u want to contr ol differentl y .
Pro tecting the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 22 Use the following configuration f or edge s witches 2 and 3 (A T -8648 s witches in this example): ena .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 23 Pro tecting the user # Create a classifier to match all traffic in VLANs 101-104 create class=10 ipsa=192.168.0.0/16 ipda=192.168.0.0/16 # Create a classifier to match voice traffic create class=100 ipsa=192.
Pro tecting the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 24 Configuration of edge swi tc hes 1. Create a VLAN f or each type of ser vice (for example , voice, video, and data). With so ftw are vers io ns 2 91 -04 and ea rli er , th e V LAN s mu st b e pr iv ate VLA Ns .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 25 Pro tecting the user z Ho w T o Configure Micr osoft® Windows XP Vir tual Private Network (V PN) c lient inter operability .
Pro tecting the user Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 26 T o block the W32.Slammer worm on port 1 , which does not ha ve an SQL client or s er ver attached to i.
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 27 Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-forced f orwarding example Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-for ced forwar .
Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-forced f orwarding example Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 28 Edge s witch 2 Edge switch 2 is connected to port 50 of edge switch 1 .
Create A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Sw itches 29 Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-forced f orwarding example Edge s witch 3 Edge switch 3 is connected to port 49 of edge switch 1 .
Appendix: Configuration scripts for MA C-forced f orwarding example Creat e A Secure Netw ork With Allied T elesis Managed La yer 3 Switches 30 Access Router set system name="Access Ro uter".
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In una situazione in cui hai già il Allied Telesis Layer 3 Switches, ma non hai ancora letto il manuale d’uso, dovresti farlo per le ragioni sopra descritte. Saprai quindi se hai correttamente usato le funzioni disponibili, e se hai commesso errori che possono ridurre la durata di vita del Allied Telesis Layer 3 Switches.
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